{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415821245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3627448","title":"Using 6.9 and 10.65 GHz From the AMSR2 and GMI Microwave Imagers in the ECMWF NWP System (IFS)","display_name":"Using 6.9 and 10.65 GHz From the AMSR2 and GMI Microwave Imagers in the ECMWF NWP System (IFS)","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415821245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3627448"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3627448","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3627448","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006217948","display_name":"Tracy Scanlon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7075-6095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154986956","display_name":"European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts","ror":"https://ror.org/014w0fd65","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tracy Scanlon","raw_affiliation_strings":["uropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, U.K","European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7075-6095","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"uropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022496698","display_name":"Alan Geer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-5519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154986956","display_name":"European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts","ror":"https://ror.org/014w0fd65","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan J. Geer","raw_affiliation_strings":["uropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, U.K","European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"uropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066723581","display_name":"Niels Bormann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5302-6093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154986956","display_name":"European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts","ror":"https://ror.org/014w0fd65","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niels Bormann","raw_affiliation_strings":["uropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, U.K","European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"uropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058658621","display_name":"David Duncan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1955-4391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154986956","display_name":"European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts","ror":"https://ror.org/014w0fd65","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David I. Duncan","raw_affiliation_strings":["uropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, U.K","European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"uropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154986956"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3009,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88741141,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.4697999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.4697999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.3702999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.050200000405311584,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-weather-prediction","display_name":"Numerical weather prediction","score":0.6347000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5985000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emissivity","display_name":"Emissivity","score":0.5486000180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-surface-temperature","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","score":0.5002999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.47369998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defense-meteorological-satellite-program","display_name":"Defense Meteorological Satellite Program","score":0.3779999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-model","display_name":"Atmospheric model","score":0.35420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weather-forecasting","display_name":"Weather forecasting","score":0.35350000858306885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6987000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147947694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837552","display_name":"Numerical weather prediction","level":2,"score":0.6347000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5985000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163651212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899670","display_name":"Emissivity","level":2,"score":0.5486000180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.5327000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134097258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1507383","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","level":2,"score":0.5002999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.47369998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1182618","display_name":"Defense Meteorological Satellite Program","level":3,"score":0.3779999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.35420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21001229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182868","display_name":"Weather forecasting","level":2,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24552861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670177","display_name":"Data assimilation","level":2,"score":0.34880000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23690007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411145","display_name":"Radiance","level":2,"score":0.337799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.3260999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206887242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830457","display_name":"Cloud cover","level":3,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776939893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7076134","display_name":"Ocean color","level":3,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C607359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845339","display_name":"Atmospheric temperature","level":2,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37856936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686237","display_name":"Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit","level":3,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62279395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric models","level":3,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194520297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7440064","display_name":"Sea ice concentration","level":5,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3627448","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3627448","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988226092","https://openalex.org/W2003339013","https://openalex.org/W2009915464","https://openalex.org/W2051103814","https://openalex.org/W2059710402","https://openalex.org/W2090531122","https://openalex.org/W2100671367","https://openalex.org/W2103977502","https://openalex.org/W2124512154","https://openalex.org/W2135622818","https://openalex.org/W2141061140","https://openalex.org/W2157930882","https://openalex.org/W2162548336","https://openalex.org/W2163883177","https://openalex.org/W2245017764","https://openalex.org/W2287923382","https://openalex.org/W2405719556","https://openalex.org/W2410527993","https://openalex.org/W2509721298","https://openalex.org/W2582801875","https://openalex.org/W2749954040","https://openalex.org/W2761613434","https://openalex.org/W2763634563","https://openalex.org/W2890796444","https://openalex.org/W2901820906","https://openalex.org/W2913359369","https://openalex.org/W2940791035","https://openalex.org/W2946114613","https://openalex.org/W2983005204","https://openalex.org/W2999219812","https://openalex.org/W3093587949","https://openalex.org/W3095919615","https://openalex.org/W3114504092","https://openalex.org/W3117605102","https://openalex.org/W4237927540","https://openalex.org/W4283026530","https://openalex.org/W4297549217","https://openalex.org/W4308332514","https://openalex.org/W4323048506","https://openalex.org/W4388620845","https://openalex.org/W4396938329","https://openalex.org/W4400332853","https://openalex.org/W4400773534","https://openalex.org/W4402260755"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microwave":[0],"imagers":[1],"play":[2],"a":[3,74,186],"key":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,47,159,190,202,219,226],"Numerical":[7],"Weather":[8,111],"Prediction":[9],"(NWP)":[10],"systems,":[11,49],"providing":[12],"information":[13,24,40,53],"about":[14,25],"atmospheric":[15,39,180],"humidity,":[16],"temperature,":[17],"cloud":[18],"and":[19,33,66,118,123,158,178],"precipitation":[20],"as":[21,23,29,45],"well":[22],"surface":[26,52,85,175],"parameters":[27],"such":[28,97],"ocean":[30,51,174,215],"skin":[31],"temperature":[32],"sea":[34,139],"ice.":[35],"Until":[36],"recently,":[37],"only":[38],"has":[41,54],"been":[42,55],"directly":[43],"assimilated":[44,91,218],"radiances":[46,78],"NWP":[48,103],"whereas":[50],"provided":[56],"via":[57],"products":[58],"generated":[59],"by":[60,151],"other":[61],"organisations":[62],"retrieved":[63],"from":[64],"satellite":[65],"in-situ":[67],"observations.":[68],"However,":[69],"with":[70,79,171],"the":[71,83,102,106,131,173,179,203,214,220],"move":[72],"towards":[73],"coupled":[75,221],"atmosphere-ocean":[76,222],"system,":[77],"primary":[80],"sensitivity":[81],"to":[82,89,213],"ocean\u2019s":[84],"are":[86,128,168],"now":[87],"starting":[88],"be":[90],"directly.":[92],"This":[93],"work":[94],"incorporates":[95],"three":[96],"new":[98,183],"surface-sensitive":[99],"channels":[100,115,184],"into":[101],"system":[104,196,223],"of":[105,148,161],"European":[107],"Centre":[108],"for":[109,130],"Medium-range":[110],"Forecasts.":[112],"The":[113,142,182],"v-polarised":[114],"at":[116],"6.9":[117],"10.65":[119,124],"GHz":[120,125],"on":[121,126],"AMSR2":[122],"GMI":[127],"added":[129],"first":[132],"time":[133],"over":[134],"open":[135],"oceans":[136],"(i.e.":[137],"outside":[138],"ice":[140],"areas).":[141],"necessary":[143],"adaptations":[144],"include":[145],"screening":[146],"out":[147],"areas":[149,160],"affected":[150],"coastlines,":[152],"sun-glint,":[153],"Radio":[154],"Frequency":[155],"Interference":[156],"(RFI)":[157],"Cold":[162],"Air":[163],"Outbreaks":[164],"(CAOs)":[165],"where":[166],"there":[167],"likely":[169],"issues":[170],"both":[172],"emissivity":[176],"model":[177],"model.":[181],"have":[185],"relatively":[187],"neutral":[188],"impact":[189],"an":[191],"atmosphere-only":[192],"Data":[193],"Assimilation":[194],"(DA)":[195],"showing":[197],"no":[198],"statistically":[199],"significant":[200,211],"change":[201],"medium":[204],"range":[205],"forecast,":[206],"however,":[207],"they":[208],"will":[209],"provide":[210],"benefit":[212],"temperatures":[216],"when":[217],"that":[224],"is":[225],"development.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-13T07:04:57.449891","created_date":"2025-11-03T00:00:00"}