{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415481194","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3616370","title":"A Pixel-Level Doppler Centroid Frequency Correction for FLMC-SAR Imaging and Doppler Ambiguity Resolving","display_name":"A Pixel-Level Doppler Centroid Frequency Correction for FLMC-SAR Imaging and Doppler Ambiguity Resolving","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415481194","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3616370"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3616370","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3616370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062418708","display_name":"Jingyue Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1793-115X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingyue Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1793-115X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100731331","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-3640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-3640","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004667401","display_name":"Zhichao Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0295-6298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801618472","display_name":"PLA Rocket Force University of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00gg5zj35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801618472"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhichao Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0295-6298","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801618472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zechao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zechao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074688463","display_name":"Yunhe Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1271-7530"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunhe Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1271-7530","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37125787,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9567000269889832,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9567000269889832,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.8246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6294000148773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.5575000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-radar","display_name":"Doppler radar","score":0.5526999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5055999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.5037000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity-function","display_name":"Ambiguity function","score":0.4717999994754791}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.8246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6294000148773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5582000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.5575000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778559676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334213","display_name":"Doppler radar","level":3,"score":0.5526999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.525600016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5055999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.5037000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.489300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50878840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3206297","display_name":"Ambiguity function","level":4,"score":0.4717999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.3903999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.37389999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.3052000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779385","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","level":2,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988629262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler frequency","level":3,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125045340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002224","display_name":"Image formation","level":3,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59584813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029234","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","level":4,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4069607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868732","display_name":"Aliasing","level":3,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.25290000438690186}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3616370","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3616370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3209774466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20230020081016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322857","funder_display_name":"Aeronautical Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3590187781","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4302272120","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20230020081016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322857","display_name":"Aeronautical Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/02wq41p38"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998787951","https://openalex.org/W2014636240","https://openalex.org/W2026584598","https://openalex.org/W2030878855","https://openalex.org/W2031896450","https://openalex.org/W2057710539","https://openalex.org/W2065768263","https://openalex.org/W2148427957","https://openalex.org/W2156619776","https://openalex.org/W2166947456","https://openalex.org/W2301599390","https://openalex.org/W2342913866","https://openalex.org/W2501169614","https://openalex.org/W2592680288","https://openalex.org/W2611482573","https://openalex.org/W2883246364","https://openalex.org/W2893997873","https://openalex.org/W2982491860","https://openalex.org/W3011966067","https://openalex.org/W3013433801","https://openalex.org/W3021981934","https://openalex.org/W3026521900","https://openalex.org/W3048785089","https://openalex.org/W3116121953","https://openalex.org/W3118626372","https://openalex.org/W3123596047","https://openalex.org/W3188702784","https://openalex.org/W4226328741","https://openalex.org/W4287071976","https://openalex.org/W4312444876","https://openalex.org/W4388878452","https://openalex.org/W4390729151"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Forward-looking":[0],"multi-channel":[1],"synthetic":[2],"aperture":[3],"radar":[4,90],"(FLMC-SAR)":[5],"is":[6,81,204],"an":[7],"important":[8],"technical":[9],"means":[10],"for":[11,103,209],"achieving":[12,188],"forward-looking":[13],"imaging":[14,57,79,132,135,208],"and":[15,39,49,58,109,162,183,196,213],"enhancing":[16],"the":[17,20,69,73,78,86,89,118,147,152,157,163,201],"visibility":[18],"of":[19,88,121,151,165,180,206],"traditional":[21],"SAR":[22],"forward":[23],"blind":[24],"zone.":[25],"Its":[26],"significance":[27],"extends":[28],"across":[29],"various":[30],"applications,":[31],"including":[32],"military":[33],"reconnaissance,":[34],"geological":[35],"exploration,":[36],"disaster":[37],"monitoring,":[38],"other":[40,50],"related":[41],"fields.":[42],"However,":[43],"motion":[44,181],"errors,":[45,48,54],"slant":[46,184],"range":[47,185],"factors":[51],"introduce":[52],"Doppler":[53,59,75,96,104,139,154,166,190,210],"making":[55],"FLMC-SAR":[56,113,131,207],"ambiguity":[60,105,140,211],"resolving":[61,212],"a":[62,129],"challenging":[63],"task.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66,125,143],"paper,":[67],"leveraging":[68],"physical":[70],"characteristics":[71],"that":[72,200],"maximum":[74,153],"frequency":[76,192],"within":[77],"area":[80],"provided":[82,169],"by":[83,137,170],"targets":[84],"in":[85,112,156],"direction":[87],"platform\u2019s":[91],"velocity,":[92],"we":[93,116,127,145,177],"achieve":[94],"pixel-level":[95,189],"centroid":[97,191],"correction.":[98,193,215],"This":[99],"holds":[100],"significant":[101],"implications":[102],"resolving,":[106],"distortion":[107,214],"correction,":[108],"pixel":[110],"localization":[111],"images.":[114],"Initially,":[115],"established":[117],"space-time":[119,148,171],"model":[120],"FLMC-SAR.":[122],"Based":[123],"on":[124],"model,":[126],"devised":[128],"two-step":[130],"processing:":[133],"time-domain":[134],"followed":[136],"spatial-domain":[138],"resolving.":[141],"Within":[142],"framework,":[144],"analyze":[146],"characteristic":[149],"representation":[150],"line":[155],"two-dimensional":[158],"range-Doppler":[159],"image":[160],"domain,":[161],"estimation":[164],"error":[167,182],"was":[168],"characteristic.":[172],"Furthermore,":[173],"utilizing":[174],"series":[175],"inversion,":[176],"derived":[178],"estimations":[179],"error,":[186],"thereby":[187],"Extensive":[194],"simulations":[195],"real-data":[197],"experiments":[198],"demonstrate":[199],"proposed":[202],"algorithm":[203],"capable":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-23T00:00:00"}
