{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412718804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3592738","title":"AFLDiff: Adaptive Frequency-Aware Latent Diffusion Model for Road Extraction in Remote Sensing Images","display_name":"AFLDiff: Adaptive Frequency-Aware Latent Diffusion Model for Road Extraction in Remote Sensing Images","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412718804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3592738"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3592738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3592738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103091073","display_name":"Ruiqi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9764-5895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruiqi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Hubei Luojia Laboratory, School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9764-5895","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Luojia Laboratory, School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003507248","display_name":"Qusen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0068-0141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qusen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Hubei Luojia Laboratory, GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0068-0141","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Luojia Laboratory, GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109971157","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4241-933X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126705","display_name":"Guangzhou Urban Planning Survey & Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02crg7060","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126705"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4241-933X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126705"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103266189","display_name":"Zidi Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6944-9014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zidi Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6944-9014","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101485635","display_name":"Zhao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9360-2128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Hubei Luojia Laboratory, GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Luojia Laboratory, GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019208828","display_name":"Weiping Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3267-9682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiping Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Hubei Luojia Laboratory, GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3267-9682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Luojia Laboratory, GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004504961","display_name":"D. Q. Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9343-9671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Hubei Luojia Laboratory, School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9343-9671","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Luojia Laboratory, School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103091073"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8774,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74237288,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6854631900787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6323308944702148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","score":0.546289324760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion","display_name":"Diffusion","score":0.5179080367088318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33675694465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.17795059084892273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6854631900787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6323308944702148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.546289324760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.5179080367088318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33675694465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.17795059084892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3592738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3592738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3966039553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42174030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7708993893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42004017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7759224578","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2042023kfyq01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1964038289","https://openalex.org/W2016489947","https://openalex.org/W2062770005","https://openalex.org/W2395811491","https://openalex.org/W2424465533","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2560719700","https://openalex.org/W2623331213","https://openalex.org/W2630837129","https://openalex.org/W2735039185","https://openalex.org/W2752796333","https://openalex.org/W2798925380","https://openalex.org/W2804199516","https://openalex.org/W2893801697","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W3017622525","https://openalex.org/W3025400702","https://openalex.org/W3035012694","https://openalex.org/W3086017879","https://openalex.org/W3103263155","https://openalex.org/W3105636206","https://openalex.org/W3127751679","https://openalex.org/W3150573203","https://openalex.org/W3183999072","https://openalex.org/W3200935312","https://openalex.org/W3203699578","https://openalex.org/W3203701986","https://openalex.org/W4225742096","https://openalex.org/W4226000809","https://openalex.org/W4285197531","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4298005622","https://openalex.org/W4308080109","https://openalex.org/W4312550876","https://openalex.org/W4312815172","https://openalex.org/W4312933868","https://openalex.org/W4313023779","https://openalex.org/W4317603812","https://openalex.org/W4319996486","https://openalex.org/W4320919181","https://openalex.org/W4379474799","https://openalex.org/W4379924367","https://openalex.org/W4382240924","https://openalex.org/W4386057777","https://openalex.org/W4386076190","https://openalex.org/W4387211234","https://openalex.org/W4387211596","https://openalex.org/W4389374674","https://openalex.org/W4390872297","https://openalex.org/W4390873054","https://openalex.org/W4390873084","https://openalex.org/W4391827295","https://openalex.org/W4392931179","https://openalex.org/W4393154023","https://openalex.org/W4393372343","https://openalex.org/W4399746124","https://openalex.org/W4402774861","https://openalex.org/W4403977312","https://openalex.org/W4404600538","https://openalex.org/W4405718405","https://openalex.org/W4406766317","https://openalex.org/W4408468245","https://openalex.org/W6739696289","https://openalex.org/W6779823529","https://openalex.org/W6797399245","https://openalex.org/W6804703708","https://openalex.org/W6805547681","https://openalex.org/W6841031965","https://openalex.org/W6843464061","https://openalex.org/W6846611385","https://openalex.org/W6853233575","https://openalex.org/W6853498704","https://openalex.org/W7020680850"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"road":[1,22,53,74,82],"extraction":[2,54,75],"from":[3,141],"remote":[4,120],"sensing":[5,121],"images":[6],"is":[7],"of":[8,21,33],"great":[9],"importance,":[10],"yet":[11],"the":[12,29,56,124,142,153,175],"complex":[13],"backgrounds,":[14],"significant":[15],"scale":[16],"differences,":[17],"and":[18,65,145,149,157,178,188],"detailed":[19],"characteristics":[20],"information":[23],"pose":[24],"a":[25,77,86,93,127],"tremendous":[26],"challenge":[27],"to":[28,52],"semantic":[30,47,111,158],"modeling":[31],"capabilities":[32],"deep":[34],"learning":[35],"methods.":[36],"Recent":[37],"studies":[38],"have":[39],"shown":[40],"impressive":[41],"success":[42],"with":[43,106,117,181],"diffusion-based":[44],"methods":[45],"in":[46,119],"segmentation.":[48],"However,":[49],"when":[50],"applied":[51],"tasks,":[55],"remarkable":[57],"performance":[58,173],"can":[59],"be":[60],"diminished":[61],"by":[62],"intricate":[63],"terrains":[64],"unreasonable":[66],"feature":[67],"fusion.":[68,162],"In":[69],"this":[70],"article,":[71],"we":[72,91],"reframe":[73],"as":[76],"mask-generating":[78],"task,":[79],"progressively":[80],"refining":[81],"mask":[83],"predictions":[84],"through":[85],"timestep-by-timestep":[87],"denoising":[88],"process.":[89],"Specifically,":[90],"propose":[92],"novel":[94],"adaptive":[95,134],"frequency-aware":[96,135],"latent":[97,129],"diffusion":[98],"framework":[99],"named":[100],"AFLDiff.":[101],"The":[102,133],"pretrained":[103],"VQ-VAE":[104],"encoder":[105],"coupled":[107],"perceptual":[108],"compression":[109],"suppresses":[110],"features":[112,144,159],"that":[113,167],"are":[114],"weakly":[115],"associated":[116],"roads":[118],"images,":[122],"reconstructing":[123],"image":[125],"into":[126],"low-dimensional":[128],"space":[130],"for":[131,160],"training.":[132],"module":[136],"filters":[137],"out":[138],"redundant":[139],"noise":[140],"noisy":[143,156],"enhances":[146],"useful":[147],"high-":[148],"low-frequency":[150],"components,":[151],"bridging":[152],"gap":[154],"between":[155],"better":[161],"Extensive":[163],"experimental":[164],"results":[165],"demonstrate":[166],"our":[168],"method":[169],"achieves":[170],"state-of-the-art":[171],"(SOTA)":[172],"on":[174],"DeepGlobe,":[176],"Massachusetts,":[177],"CHN6-CUG":[179],"datasets,":[180],"cross-dataset":[182],"validation":[183],"further":[184],"confirming":[185],"its":[186],"robustness":[187],"generalization":[189],"capabilities.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-02T09:04:35.204637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
