{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410852651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3574799","title":"Multiscale Restoration of Missing Data in Optical Time-Series Images With Masked Spatial\u2013Temporal Attention Network","display_name":"Multiscale Restoration of Missing Data in Optical Time-Series Images With Masked Spatial\u2013Temporal Attention Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410852651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3574799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3574799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3574799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089113929","display_name":"Zaiyan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7376-7101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zaiyan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047516173","display_name":"Jining Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0680-5427"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jining Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100598406","display_name":"Yuanqi Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7222-1486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanqi Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102522051","display_name":"Jiaxin Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxin Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021020949","display_name":"Haixu He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1041-770X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haixu He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101444749","display_name":"Li Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3302-3191"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089113929"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4362,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89007831,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9739999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.6061087250709534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.5882096886634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.5846948027610779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5585285425186157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5556410551071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.4889580011367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37292104959487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3265905976295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.23062586784362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.21211248636245728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.12795740365982056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11349302530288696}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.6061087250709534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5882096886634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.5846948027610779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5585285425186157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5556410551071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.4889580011367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37292104959487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3265905976295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.23062586784362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.21211248636245728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.12795740365982056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11349302530288696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3574799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3574799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4550247451","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFC3800700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6842118334","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42471505","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G754824062","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Guike) AB25069111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336589","funder_display_name":"Guangxi Key Research and Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8144855254","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Guike AB25069111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336589","funder_display_name":"Guangxi Key Research and Development Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336589","display_name":"Guangxi Key Research and Development Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1655403841","https://openalex.org/W1978145340","https://openalex.org/W1998557720","https://openalex.org/W1998680950","https://openalex.org/W2001547114","https://openalex.org/W2010319424","https://openalex.org/W2026149562","https://openalex.org/W2028240797","https://openalex.org/W2054366734","https://openalex.org/W2085793179","https://openalex.org/W2090702492","https://openalex.org/W2092264651","https://openalex.org/W2102166818","https://openalex.org/W2105038642","https://openalex.org/W2107384509","https://openalex.org/W2118037698","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2142565235","https://openalex.org/W2149676023","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2295936755","https://openalex.org/W2343342839","https://openalex.org/W2514340250","https://openalex.org/W2528677926","https://openalex.org/W2557414982","https://openalex.org/W2562637781","https://openalex.org/W2596422482","https://openalex.org/W2607215444","https://openalex.org/W2612913629","https://openalex.org/W2776526448","https://openalex.org/W2788008270","https://openalex.org/W2916589414","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2950689937","https://openalex.org/W2963420272","https://openalex.org/W2982296207","https://openalex.org/W2992450807","https://openalex.org/W3008202438","https://openalex.org/W3038579873","https://openalex.org/W3126721948","https://openalex.org/W3131500599","https://openalex.org/W3174617618","https://openalex.org/W4206216186","https://openalex.org/W4207042493","https://openalex.org/W4281624580","https://openalex.org/W4285248269","https://openalex.org/W4315631029","https://openalex.org/W4319335604","https://openalex.org/W4368343324","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4388739246","https://openalex.org/W4399556088","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6682751323","https://openalex.org/W6717870063","https://openalex.org/W6784333009"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380150146","https://openalex.org/W3024870410","https://openalex.org/W2410652950","https://openalex.org/W4283773154","https://openalex.org/W2139939267","https://openalex.org/W1974511032","https://openalex.org/W2119012848","https://openalex.org/W2622688551","https://openalex.org/W1550175370","https://openalex.org/W1990205660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Remote":[0],"sensing":[1,28,69],"images":[2,29],"often":[3],"suffer":[4],"from":[5,149],"substantial":[6],"data":[7],"loss":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,31,85,118,140,153,214],"factors":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13],"thick":[14],"cloud":[15],"cover":[16],"and":[17,152,186,201],"sensor":[18],"limitations.":[19],"Existing":[20],"methods":[21],"for":[22,65],"imputing":[23],"missing":[24,94,121],"values":[25,122],"in":[26,181,192],"remote":[27,68],"fail":[30],"fully":[32],"exploit":[33],"spatiotemporal":[34,76,90,125],"auxiliary":[35],"information,":[36],"which":[37],"restricts":[38],"the":[39,99,103,142,146,171,208,211],"accuracy":[40],"of":[41,89,102,112,145,210],"their":[42],"reconstructions.":[43],"To":[44],"address":[45],"this":[46,48],"issue,":[47],"paper":[49],"proposes":[50],"a":[51,107,134,178,187],"novel":[52],"deep":[53],"learning-based":[54],"approach":[55],"called":[56],"MS<sup":[57],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[58],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>TAN":[59],"(Multi-Scale":[60],"Masked":[61,81],"Spatial-Temporal":[62,82],"Attention":[63,83],"Network)":[64],"reconstructing":[66],"time-series":[67],"images.":[70],"First,":[71],"we":[72,132],"introduce":[73],"an":[74],"efficient":[75],"feature":[77],"extractor":[78],"based":[79],"on":[80,165],"(MSTA)":[84],"capture":[86],"high-quality":[87],"representations":[88],"neighborhood":[91,126],"features":[92,127],"surrounding":[93],"regions":[95],"while":[96],"significantly":[97],"reducing":[98],"computational":[100],"complexity":[101],"attention":[104],"mechanism.":[105],"Second,":[106],"Multi-Scale":[108],"Restoration":[109],"Network":[110],"composed":[111],"MSTA-based":[113],"Feature":[114],"Extractors":[115],"is":[116],"designed":[117],"progressively":[119],"refine":[120],"by":[123],"exploring":[124],"at":[128],"different":[129],"scales.":[130],"Third,":[131],"propose":[133],"\u201cPixel-Structure-Perception\u201d":[135],"Multi-Objective":[136],"Joint":[137],"Optimization":[138],"method":[139,173],"enhance":[141],"visual":[143],"quality":[144],"reconstructed":[147],"results":[148,161],"multiple":[150],"perspectives":[151],"preserve":[154],"more":[155],"texture":[156,200],"structures.":[157],"Finally,":[158],"quantitative":[159],"experimental":[160],"under":[162],"multi-temporal":[163],"inputs":[164],"two":[166],"public":[167],"datasets":[168],"demonstrate":[169],"that":[170],"proposed":[172],"outperforms":[174],"competitive":[175],"approaches,":[176],"achieving":[177],"9.76%/9.30%":[179],"reduction":[180],"Mean":[182],"Absolute":[183],"Error":[184],"(MAE)":[185],"0.56":[188],"dB/0.62":[189],"dB":[190],"increase":[191],"Peak":[193],"Signal-to-Noise":[194],"Ratio":[195],"(PSNR),":[196],"along":[197],"with":[198],"stronger":[199],"structural":[202],"consistency.":[203],"Ablation":[204],"experiments":[205],"further":[206],"validate":[207],"contribution":[209],"core":[212],"innovations":[213],"imputation":[215],"accuracy.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
