{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409883287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3564820","title":"Depth2Elevation: Scale Modulation With Depth Anything Model for Single-View Remote Sensing Image Height Estimation","display_name":"Depth2Elevation: Scale Modulation With Depth Anything Model for Single-View Remote Sensing Image Height Estimation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409883287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3564820"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3564820","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3564820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022703862","display_name":"Zhongcheng Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8050-5951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhongcheng Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology at Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China","Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology at Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100736872","display_name":"Tong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-5623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","display_name":"Auckland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zvqw119","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"]}],"countries":["GB","NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand","School of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068374208","display_name":"Zhiyuan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9548-2468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyuan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology at Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China","Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology at Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036391537","display_name":"Wufan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0265-3465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wufan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology at Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China","Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology at Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Urban Governance and Design Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022703862"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895","https://openalex.org/I90610280"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6085,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87693516,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9472000002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7484210729598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5851930379867554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4800106883049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.4727053642272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.4404025077819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.42442643642425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32621335983276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3246954679489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.14126309752464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.12433713674545288}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7484210729598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5851930379867554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4800106883049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4727053642272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.4404025077819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42442643642425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32621335983276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3246954679489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14126309752464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.12433713674545288}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3564820","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3564820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openrepository.aut.ac.nz:10292/19207","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/19207","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401809","display_name":"Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","host_organization_name":"Auckland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6287602643","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42401567","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331088","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331088","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998943389","https://openalex.org/W2277049935","https://openalex.org/W2955639361","https://openalex.org/W2962960377","https://openalex.org/W2963591054","https://openalex.org/W2984506171","https://openalex.org/W2984507463","https://openalex.org/W2988222163","https://openalex.org/W3081162165","https://openalex.org/W3085433944","https://openalex.org/W3173727695","https://openalex.org/W3176584092","https://openalex.org/W3200588261","https://openalex.org/W3207889202","https://openalex.org/W4297998168","https://openalex.org/W4312795296","https://openalex.org/W4317038552","https://openalex.org/W4381429345","https://openalex.org/W4386702642","https://openalex.org/W4387918009","https://openalex.org/W4390751020","https://openalex.org/W4390871795","https://openalex.org/W4390872059","https://openalex.org/W4392543415","https://openalex.org/W4398152644","https://openalex.org/W4398223878","https://openalex.org/W4400772116","https://openalex.org/W4401608269","https://openalex.org/W4402661188","https://openalex.org/W4402667899","https://openalex.org/W4402722153","https://openalex.org/W4402727359","https://openalex.org/W4403295433","https://openalex.org/W6685261749","https://openalex.org/W6748486149","https://openalex.org/W6851800889","https://openalex.org/W6852960253","https://openalex.org/W6869729717"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121524756","https://openalex.org/W782553550","https://openalex.org/W2369139941","https://openalex.org/W1987967678","https://openalex.org/W2633218168","https://openalex.org/W4235897794","https://openalex.org/W2059707233","https://openalex.org/W1983126463","https://openalex.org/W2139939267","https://openalex.org/W1974511032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"terrain":[1],"elevation":[2,18,139],"estimation":[3,19,62,124,140,162],"from":[4],"remote":[5,117,164],"sensing":[6,118,165],"data":[7],"is":[8],"essential":[9],"for":[10,122,173],"a":[11,143,204],"multitude":[12],"of":[13,64,100,138,154,188,238],"geographic":[14],"applications.":[15],"Specifically,":[16],"image-based":[17],"has":[20],"garnered":[21],"growing":[22],"attention":[23],"due":[24],"to":[25,84,95,146,160,184,211,228],"advancements":[26],"in":[27,81,116,135,163,177],"optical":[28],"sensor":[29],"development":[30],"and":[31,50,61,92,105,141,249],"automated":[32],"analysis":[33],"algorithms,":[34],"such":[35],"as":[36],"machine":[37],"learning.":[38],"In":[39,127],"this":[40,65,128],"context,":[41],"deep":[42],"learning":[43],"methods,":[44],"including":[45],"Convolutional":[46],"Neural":[47],"Networks":[48],"(CNNs)":[49],"Vision":[51],"Transformers":[52],"(ViTs),":[53],"have":[54,112],"recently":[55],"enhanced":[56],"the":[57,68,98,132,136,151,155,170,178,198,243,251],"feature":[58],"extraction":[59,99],"ability":[60,83,254],"accuracy":[63],"task.":[66],"Despite":[67],"distinct":[69],"advantages":[70],"afforded":[71],"by":[72,202],"each":[73],"architectural":[74],"paradigm,":[75],"current":[76],"methods":[77],"are":[78,93],"frequently":[79],"impeded":[80],"their":[82,120],"discern":[85],"subtle":[86,186],"height":[87,123,161],"variations":[88],"within":[89],"complex":[90],"scenes":[91],"ill-equipped":[94],"effectively":[96],"tackle":[97],"features":[101,213],"across":[102,255],"both":[103],"large":[104],"small":[106],"scales.":[107,193],"Although":[108],"vision":[109],"foundation":[110,133],"models":[111],"shown":[113],"significant":[114],"advances":[115],"analysis,":[119],"effectiveness":[121],"remains":[125],"unexplored.":[126],"study,":[129],"we":[130,168,195],"introduce":[131,169],"model":[134],"field":[137],"propose":[142],"novel":[144],"Depth":[145,156],"Elevation":[147],"(Depth2Elevation)":[148],"model,":[149],"marking":[150],"first":[152],"application":[153],"Anything":[157],"Model":[158],"(DAM)":[159],"images.":[166],"First,":[167],"scale":[171],"modulator":[172],"modulating":[174],"partial":[175],"encoders":[176],"original":[179],"DAM,":[180],"which":[181,208],"enables":[182,209],"DAM":[183,210],"capture":[185],"representations":[187],"localized":[189],"objects":[190],"at":[191,214,239],"different":[192,215,256],"Secondly,":[194],"further":[196],"enhance":[197],"model\u2019s":[199],"representational":[200],"capability":[201],"using":[203],"resolution-agnostic":[205],"decoder":[206],"architecture,":[207],"learn":[212],"spatial":[216],"scales":[217],"efficiently.":[218],"We":[219],"conducted":[220],"comprehensive":[221],"experiments":[222],"on":[223,242],"several":[224],"benchmark":[225,246],"datasets.":[226],"Compared":[227],"strong":[229],"baselines,":[230],"our":[231],"method":[232],"achieves":[233],"an":[234],"average":[235],"relative":[236],"improvement":[237],"most":[240],"42%":[241],"latest":[244],"large-scale":[245],"dataset":[247],"GAMUS":[248],"shows":[250],"best":[252],"generalization":[253],"scenarios.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
