{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406610909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3531493","title":"3-D Seismic Fault Detection Using Fault Orthogonal Annotation and Barely Supervised Learning","display_name":"3-D Seismic Fault Detection Using Fault Orthogonal Annotation and Barely Supervised Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406610909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3531493"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3531493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3531493","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459057","display_name":"Zheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5560-9313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5560-9313","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101826900","display_name":"Zhe Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6384-3254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6384-3254","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100761321","display_name":"Haiying Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6842-8076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082164406","display_name":"Jiankun Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6283-3900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiankun Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6283-3900","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hao Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7636-6426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7636-6426","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034441026","display_name":"Hanming Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9641-3499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanming Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.249,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88160364,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10892","display_name":"Drilling and Well Engineering","score":0.9708999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.6107958555221558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5894041061401367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.5647090077400208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5543535947799683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46429499983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39245712757110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.38502436876296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.33656251430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32279902696609497}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.6107958555221558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5894041061401367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.5647090077400208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5543535947799683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46429499983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39245712757110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.38502436876296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.33656251430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32279902696609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3531493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3531493","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1207768276","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42474175","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1973456741","https://openalex.org/W2014758788","https://openalex.org/W2015861736","https://openalex.org/W2068840375","https://openalex.org/W2106921281","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2803692511","https://openalex.org/W2911424749","https://openalex.org/W2963787510","https://openalex.org/W2979907638","https://openalex.org/W2982350982","https://openalex.org/W2988868065","https://openalex.org/W3016794093","https://openalex.org/W3081551522","https://openalex.org/W3131297087","https://openalex.org/W3141797743","https://openalex.org/W3157386224","https://openalex.org/W3163605466","https://openalex.org/W3175113801","https://openalex.org/W3180982107","https://openalex.org/W4226459266","https://openalex.org/W4280536345","https://openalex.org/W4285104297","https://openalex.org/W4289238839","https://openalex.org/W4302028744","https://openalex.org/W4307348229","https://openalex.org/W4313582841","https://openalex.org/W4365129605","https://openalex.org/W4381733526","https://openalex.org/W4384070556","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386047767","https://openalex.org/W6658673620","https://openalex.org/W6757817989"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361861616","https://openalex.org/W2263699433","https://openalex.org/W2377979023","https://openalex.org/W2218034408","https://openalex.org/W2392921965","https://openalex.org/W2358755282","https://openalex.org/W2625833328","https://openalex.org/W4405124681","https://openalex.org/W1533177136","https://openalex.org/W4380994516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Among":[0],"deep":[1],"learning-based":[2],"seismic":[3,33,69,81,115,214],"fault":[4,70,85,177,193,219],"detection":[5,71,194,220],"approaches,":[6],"most":[7],"of":[8,22,41,45,98,111,153,171,186],"the":[9,20,28,39,79,84,91,99,143,154,158,162,168,182,218,231],"training":[10,23,74,100,159,172],"datasets":[11],"are":[12,76,87,132],"generated":[13],"by":[14,90,174,198,221,234],"using":[15,51,175,189],"synthetic":[16,32,52,190],"methods":[17],"to":[18,27,103,107,167,230],"enhance":[19],"diversity":[21],"data.":[24,191],"However,":[25],"due":[26],"feature":[29],"differences":[30],"between":[31],"data":[34,53,60,75,82,101,173,215],"and":[35,38,83,128,184,204,227],"real":[36,80,213],"data,":[37,116],"difficulty":[40],"synthesizing":[42],"all":[43],"types":[44],"actual":[46,207],"geological":[47],"structures,":[48],"networks":[49],"trained":[50],"exhibit":[54],"poor":[55],"generalization":[56],"performance":[57],"in":[58,157],"practical":[59],"applications.":[61],"In":[62,93],"this":[63,94,187,222],"study,":[64],"we":[65,117],"propose":[66],"a":[67,141,176,200],"barely-supervised-learning-based":[68],"scheme.":[72],"The":[73],"extracted":[77],"from":[78,206],"labels":[86],"manually":[88],"annotated":[89,133,149],"interpreter.":[92],"scheme,":[95],"only":[96,124],"10%":[97],"need":[102],"be":[104,196],"labeled.":[105],"Furthermore,":[106],"avoid":[108],"dense":[109,169],"annotation":[110,121,164,170],"faults":[112],"on":[113,211],"3-D":[114],"adopt":[118],"an":[119],"orthogonal":[120,163,202],"strategy,":[122],"where":[123],"one":[125,129],"inline":[126],"section":[127],"horizontal":[130],"slice":[131],"for":[134],"one$128":[135],"{\\times}128":[136],"\\times":[137],"128$training":[138],"sample.":[139,160],"As":[140],"result,":[142],"pixels":[144],"that":[145,217],"have":[146],"been":[147],"actually":[148],"constitute":[150],"merely":[151],"0.1563%":[152],"total":[155],"voxels":[156],"Then,":[161],"is":[165,224],"extended":[166],"registration":[178],"method.":[179],"We":[180],"confirmed":[181],"feasibility":[183],"effectiveness":[185],"approach":[188],"Accurate":[192],"can":[195],"achieved":[197],"annotating":[199],"few":[201],"sections":[203],"slices":[205],"samples.":[208],"Further":[209],"application":[210],"two":[212],"demonstrated":[216],"method":[223],"more":[225],"continuous":[226],"accurate":[228],"compared":[229],"results":[232],"predicted":[233],"other":[235],"methods.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
