{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403826963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3487259","title":"Geographically Weighted Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory Neural Networks: A Geospatial Deep Learning Model for Monthly NDVI Prediction","display_name":"Geographically Weighted Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory Neural Networks: A Geospatial Deep Learning Model for Monthly NDVI Prediction","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403826963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3487259"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3487259","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3487259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102963309","display_name":"Runsheng Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9806-3294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruinan Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9806-3294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020790434","display_name":"Lei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6454-2963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6454-2963","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111688041","display_name":"Yu Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084765072","display_name":"Tonghai Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-7848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingtao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101595707","display_name":"Xuechun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7553-2648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuechun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060026129","display_name":"Ziwei Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziwei Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061544279","display_name":"Hongchu Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongchu Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3858-9212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088176505","display_name":"Wenying Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3202-5128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenying Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3202-5128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084901503","display_name":"Nengcheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3521-9972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nengcheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3521-9972","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102963309"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6696,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9394117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.8848000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.8848000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.8210999965667725,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.8166000247001648,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.7711745500564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6649557948112488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6315769553184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.5636880397796631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.5458075404167175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5097963213920593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-short-term-memory","display_name":"Long short term memory","score":0.4976640045642853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.49741294980049133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.44846826791763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.38203564286231995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.22374984622001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1520904004573822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.09618327021598816}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.7711745500564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6649557948112488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6315769553184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.5636880397796631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.5458075404167175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5097963213920593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133488467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6673524","display_name":"Long short term memory","level":4,"score":0.4976640045642853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.49741294980049133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.44846826791763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.38203564286231995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.22374984622001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1520904004573822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.09618327021598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3487259","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3487259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1023083465","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42201509","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2260354472","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42101429","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2459799247","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"162301212687","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2486650250","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42371415","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056237915","https://openalex.org/W2145601039","https://openalex.org/W2268143634","https://openalex.org/W2525431843","https://openalex.org/W2617056706","https://openalex.org/W2943550631","https://openalex.org/W2969292133","https://openalex.org/W2971897573","https://openalex.org/W2977566717","https://openalex.org/W2985331920","https://openalex.org/W2998570674","https://openalex.org/W3035845777","https://openalex.org/W3080964859","https://openalex.org/W3110932100","https://openalex.org/W3147464705","https://openalex.org/W3160386526","https://openalex.org/W3183766399","https://openalex.org/W3198858771","https://openalex.org/W3203696868","https://openalex.org/W3215150464","https://openalex.org/W4205464866","https://openalex.org/W4285596788","https://openalex.org/W4292240521","https://openalex.org/W4297372927","https://openalex.org/W4303579745","https://openalex.org/W4307126717","https://openalex.org/W4312061468","https://openalex.org/W4321237741","https://openalex.org/W4322743891","https://openalex.org/W4367053593","https://openalex.org/W4389145346","https://openalex.org/W4390603927","https://openalex.org/W4391005997","https://openalex.org/W4392432526","https://openalex.org/W6745829810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3207046288","https://openalex.org/W3023446922","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3103566983","https://openalex.org/W3029198973","https://openalex.org/W3168412960","https://openalex.org/W4391181278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vegetation":[0],"is":[1,16,30,79,97,114,125],"a":[2,70,106],"key":[3],"component":[4],"of":[5,28,31,52,121,131,145,166],"biodiversity":[6],"and":[7,36,49,85,148,179,184,198,210],"ecosystem":[8],"stability.":[9],"The":[10,163,189],"normalized":[11],"difference":[12],"vegetation":[13,22],"index":[14],"(NDVI)":[15],"widely":[17],"used":[18],"to":[19,34,58,63,99,116,140,176],"monitor":[20],"the":[21,37,45,50,60,64,82,86,94,103,111,118,129,132,136,142,149,154,203,216],"growth":[23],"status.":[24],"Timely":[25],"spatiotemporal":[26,107,229],"prediction":[27,231],"NDVI":[29,144,212,230],"great":[32],"significance":[33],"agriculture":[35],"ecological":[38],"environment.":[39],"Traditional":[40],"deep":[41,225],"learning":[42,226],"models":[43],"neglect":[44],"local":[46],"spatial":[47,53,83,119],"relationships":[48],"effect":[51],"autocorrelation":[54],"in":[55,207],"vegetation,":[56],"failing":[57],"capture":[59],"neighboring":[61],"contributions":[62],"forecast":[65,141],"target.":[66],"In":[67,102],"this":[68],"study,":[69],"geographically":[71],"weighted":[72],"convolutional":[73,87],"long":[74,88],"short-term":[75,89],"memory":[76,90,108],"(GWConvLSTM)":[77],"model":[78,92,139,157,206,219,227],"coupled":[80],"with":[81,110,128],"weight":[84,120],"(ConvLSTM)":[91],"by":[93,195],"Hadamard":[95],"product":[96],"proposed":[98,137],"predict":[100],"NDVI.":[101],"GWConvLSTM":[104,138,156,201,218],"model,":[105],"flow":[109],"ConvLSTM":[112,205],"unit":[113],"designed":[115],"calculate":[117],"each":[122],"step,":[123],"which":[124],"iteratively":[126],"updated":[127],"training":[130],"model.":[133],"We":[134],"use":[135],"monthly":[143],"Huangpi":[146],"District":[147],"experiment":[150],"results":[151],"indicate":[152],"that":[153],"developed":[155,217],"outperforms":[158],"five":[159],"other":[160],"baseline":[161,204],"models.":[162],"predictive":[164],"coefficient":[165],"determination":[167],"(<inline-formula":[168],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[169],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[170],"<tex-math":[171],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$R^{2}$":[172],"</tex-math></inline-formula>)":[173],"reached":[174],"up":[175],"0.8427,":[177],"0.8209,":[178],"0.8149":[180],"for":[181,200,228],"one-,":[182,208],"three-,":[183,209],"five-month":[185,211],"lead":[186],"times,":[187],"respectively.":[188,214],"mean":[190],"absolute":[191],"error":[192],"(MAE)":[193],"decreased":[194],"14.26%,":[196],"10.04%,":[197],"16.75%":[199],"versus":[202],"predictions,":[213],"Therefore,":[215],"could":[220],"be":[221],"an":[222],"effective":[223],"geospatial":[224],"at":[232],"region":[233],"scales.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
