{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401387422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3439742","title":"Joint Design of Frequency and Bandwidth for Multifrequency SAR Based on Mutual Information Maximization","display_name":"Joint Design of Frequency and Bandwidth for Multifrequency SAR Based on Mutual Information Maximization","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401387422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3439742"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3439742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3439742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060688244","display_name":"Huaping Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-3691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaping Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-3691","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019971503","display_name":"Zihan Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7429-3500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7429-3500","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062908102","display_name":"Wei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2968-2888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2968-2888","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022393626","display_name":"Jiawei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-8834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-8834","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100318195","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4513-1229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088244","display_name":"Shanghai Micro Satellite Engineering Center","ror":"https://ror.org/003cp7918","country_code":"CN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088244"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3292,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90941803,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-information","display_name":"Mutual information","score":0.7124435901641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6751298904418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.620855987071991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5872599482536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5313224196434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.4974522888660431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4015509784221649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2770732045173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2531648874282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.18368685245513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.1524113118648529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14680668711662292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10107812285423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152139883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252973","display_name":"Mutual information","level":2,"score":0.7124435901641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6751298904418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.620855987071991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5872599482536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5313224196434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.4974522888660431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4015509784221649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2770732045173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2531648874282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.18368685245513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.1524113118648529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14680668711662292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10107812285423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3439742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3439742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3825791392","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2241202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7576358272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"F2023203013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966903261","https://openalex.org/W1980483535","https://openalex.org/W1987000099","https://openalex.org/W2039137101","https://openalex.org/W2044987471","https://openalex.org/W2099990106","https://openalex.org/W2111678994","https://openalex.org/W2114445409","https://openalex.org/W2124641210","https://openalex.org/W2127399056","https://openalex.org/W2131730299","https://openalex.org/W2134479433","https://openalex.org/W2135997380","https://openalex.org/W2136642793","https://openalex.org/W2137694418","https://openalex.org/W2143881985","https://openalex.org/W2315872733","https://openalex.org/W2461549388","https://openalex.org/W2540716417","https://openalex.org/W2548319123","https://openalex.org/W2613846605","https://openalex.org/W2889156065","https://openalex.org/W2991512750","https://openalex.org/W3008684751","https://openalex.org/W3035292254","https://openalex.org/W3159974529","https://openalex.org/W4256366408","https://openalex.org/W4366147537","https://openalex.org/W4387803061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2466816617","https://openalex.org/W1970834875","https://openalex.org/W842936808","https://openalex.org/W2785601041","https://openalex.org/W2241417046","https://openalex.org/W2908598672","https://openalex.org/W2597403208","https://openalex.org/W4307206503","https://openalex.org/W2393900892","https://openalex.org/W4306760398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,65],"carrier":[1],"frequency":[2,19],"and":[3,20,50,62,119,132],"bandwidth":[4,21],"are":[5],"vital":[6],"parameters":[7],"of":[8,18,59],"radar":[9,26],"transmit":[10],"signals.":[11],"In":[12],"this":[13],"article,":[14],"a":[15,82,98,110],"joint":[16],"design":[17,66],"in":[22],"multifrequency":[23,114],"synthetic":[24],"aperture":[25],"(SAR)":[27],"is":[28,44,54,67,87,103],"proposed":[29,88,124],"to":[30,89],"improve":[31],"the":[32,38,47,57,91,95,113,123],"target":[33,39,128,135],"information":[34,42,129],"acquisition":[35,130],"capability.":[36],"First,":[37],"detection":[40,136],"mutual":[41],"(MI)":[43],"considered":[45],"as":[46,69],"performance":[48,137],"metric,":[49],"its":[51,117],"mathematical":[52],"expression":[53],"derived":[55],"using":[56],"example":[58],"decision-level":[60],"fusion":[61],"hypothesis":[63],"testing.":[64],"formulated":[68],"an":[70],"optimization":[71],"problem":[72],"with":[73,116],"multiple":[74],"engineering":[75],"constraints":[76,96],"based":[77],"on":[78],"MI":[79],"maximization.":[80],"Then,":[81],"modified":[83],"genetic":[84],"algorithm":[85],"(GA)":[86],"find":[90],"optimal":[92],"solution":[93],"satisfying":[94],"via":[97],"code":[99],"adjustment":[100],"operator.":[101],"It":[102],"shown":[104],"by":[105,122],"simulation":[106],"results":[107],"that":[108],"for":[109],"specific":[111],"scene,":[112],"SAR":[115,141],"frequencies":[118],"bandwidths":[120],"designed":[121],"method":[125],"has":[126],"higher":[127],"capability":[131],"more":[133],"accurate":[134],"than":[138],"existing":[139],"spaceborne":[140],"systems.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-26T23:08:49.675405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}