{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396680501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3397325","title":"Trans-NLM Network for SAR Image Despeckling","display_name":"Trans-NLM Network for SAR Image Despeckling","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396680501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3397325"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3397325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3397325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101123905","display_name":"Siyao Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7677-4390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyao Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7677-4390","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015235929","display_name":"Shunsheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5708-9240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunsheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5708-9240","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059820785","display_name":"Libing Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8549-5748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Libing Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8549-5748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049463786","display_name":"Wen-Qin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-9585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Qin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-9585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2137,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92981047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7239530086517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7091444134712219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.6314762234687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6101914644241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5174027681350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5094390511512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.4824574589729309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.4615606665611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.42484748363494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.41730743646621704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7239530086517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7091444134712219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.6314762234687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6101914644241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5174027681350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5094390511512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4824574589729309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.4615606665611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.42484748363494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.41730743646621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3397325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3397325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600455797","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W2004376198","https://openalex.org/W2041625018","https://openalex.org/W2074319623","https://openalex.org/W2097073572","https://openalex.org/W2104763670","https://openalex.org/W2129553449","https://openalex.org/W2144851790","https://openalex.org/W2151221869","https://openalex.org/W2161943271","https://openalex.org/W2604403460","https://openalex.org/W2605856982","https://openalex.org/W2789766190","https://openalex.org/W2793146153","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2902857081","https://openalex.org/W2938830017","https://openalex.org/W2949493371","https://openalex.org/W2963091558","https://openalex.org/W2963583038","https://openalex.org/W2963904420","https://openalex.org/W2964046397","https://openalex.org/W2981413347","https://openalex.org/W2987692439","https://openalex.org/W3013302728","https://openalex.org/W3025007558","https://openalex.org/W3035042749","https://openalex.org/W3037578234","https://openalex.org/W3084140551","https://openalex.org/W3101647767","https://openalex.org/W3105425562","https://openalex.org/W3112727310","https://openalex.org/W3113142645","https://openalex.org/W3136138438","https://openalex.org/W3186988237","https://openalex.org/W4205561327","https://openalex.org/W4248431698","https://openalex.org/W4312772608","https://openalex.org/W4313156423","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6749271710","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6761910064","https://openalex.org/W6778883912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905433371","https://openalex.org/W2888392564","https://openalex.org/W4310278675","https://openalex.org/W4388422664","https://openalex.org/W4390569940","https://openalex.org/W4361193272","https://openalex.org/W2963326959","https://openalex.org/W4388685194","https://openalex.org/W4312407344","https://openalex.org/W2894289927"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"despeckling":[1,67,201],"is":[2,69,75,111,129,142],"important":[3],"to":[4,16,27,87,106,114,133,154,168],"synthetic":[5],"aperture":[6],"radar":[7],"(SAR)":[8],"image":[9,22,42,66],"restoration":[10],"and":[11,33,80,120,163,176,192,203,212],"related":[12],"downstream":[13],"tasks.":[14],"Due":[15],"the":[17,49,64,72,107,115,134,139,156,170,194],"fact":[18],"that":[19,181],"existing":[20],"SAR":[21,65,178],"denoising":[23,43,59,185],"algorithms":[24],"are":[25,84,104,166],"difficult":[26],"simultaneously":[28,85],"achieve":[29],"high":[30],"performance,":[31],"efficiency":[32,204],"interpretability,":[34],"in":[35,200],"this":[36],"paper,":[37],"we":[38],"propose":[39],"a":[40,88,92,96,145],"new":[41],"method,":[44],"namely,":[45],"Trans-NLM,":[46],"which":[47,110],"incorporates":[48],"Transformer":[50],"architecture":[51],"into":[52],"traditional":[53],"nonlocal":[54],"means":[55],"filtering":[56],"(NLM)":[57],"based":[58],"algorithm.":[60],"In":[61],"doing":[62],"so,":[63],"performance":[68,199],"enhanced,":[70],"while":[71],"algorithm":[73],"interpretability":[74],"retained.":[76],"First,":[77],"each":[78,127],"pixel":[79,128,158],"its":[81],"surrounding":[82],"pixels":[83],"mapped":[86,113],"high-dimensional":[89],"space":[90],"as":[91],"neighborhood":[93,108],"matrix":[94],"through":[95,144],"shallow":[97,146],"fully":[98,147],"connected":[99,148],"layer.":[100],"Then,":[101],"positional":[102],"encodings":[103],"added":[105],"matrix,":[109],"further":[112],"internal":[116],"vectors":[117],"Key,":[118],"Query":[119],"Value.":[121],"The":[122],"final":[123],"vector":[124,141],"representation":[125,140],"of":[126],"also":[130],"calculated":[131],"according":[132],"multi-head":[135],"attention":[136],"mechanism.":[137],"Finally,":[138],"passed":[143],"layer":[149,161],"for":[150],"data":[151,179],"dimension":[152],"reduction":[153],"predict":[155],"corresponding":[157],"value.":[159],"Moreover,":[160],"normalization":[162],"residual":[164],"learning":[165,214],"applied":[167],"accelerate":[169],"convergence.":[171],"Experiments":[172],"on":[173],"both":[174],"simulated":[175],"real":[177],"demonstrate":[180],"compared":[182],"with":[183,207],"representative":[184],"models,":[186],"e.g.,":[187],"NLM,":[188],"fastNLM,":[189],"SAR-CNN,":[190],"CNN-NLM":[191],"MONet,":[193],"proposed":[195],"Trans-NLM":[196],"exhibits":[197],"better":[198],"enhancement":[202],"simultaneously,":[205],"along":[206],"more":[208],"explainable":[209],"inference":[210],"process":[211],"transfer":[213],"capability.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
