{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393079451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3380639","title":"Averaging Scheme for the Aerosol and Carbon Detection LiDAR Onboard DaQi-1 Satellite","display_name":"Averaging Scheme for the Aerosol and Carbon Detection LiDAR Onboard DaQi-1 Satellite","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393079451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3380639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3380639","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3380639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045144097","display_name":"Xifeng Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2980-3598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xifeng Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092","https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104012841","display_name":"Xingying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0185-8247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119012075","display_name":"Lu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6544-9229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005274481","display_name":"Minqiang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-5873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minqiang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100862582","display_name":"Yu-Han Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4072-5412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066056612","display_name":"Jiqiao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-7073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135349","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03g897070","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135349"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiqiao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108790693","display_name":"Tiantao Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiantao Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068374010","display_name":"Chuncan Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2065-8232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135349","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03g897070","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135349"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuncan Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080161980","display_name":"Cheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-0679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135349","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03g897070","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135349"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108728608","display_name":"Lin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-899X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045144097"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092","https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210133131"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2621,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87026642,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9373999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.8169301152229309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.7556995153427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol","display_name":"Aerosol","score":0.6217185258865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.6002151370048523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5304471850395203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-optics","display_name":"Atmospheric optics","score":0.42982175946235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-model","display_name":"Atmospheric model","score":0.4138530492782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4123508334159851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35308873653411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1897466778755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.11719191074371338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09309598803520203}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.8169301152229309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.7556995153427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.6217185258865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.6002151370048523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5304471850395203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54308172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367365","display_name":"Atmospheric optics","level":2,"score":0.42982175946235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.4138530492782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4123508334159851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35308873653411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1897466778755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.11719191074371338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09309598803520203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3380639","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3380639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8601199202","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFB3904801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998128249","https://openalex.org/W2083446191","https://openalex.org/W2085279850","https://openalex.org/W2094554400","https://openalex.org/W2144991971","https://openalex.org/W2158571614","https://openalex.org/W2224308474","https://openalex.org/W2300811627","https://openalex.org/W2547552060","https://openalex.org/W2736706178","https://openalex.org/W2737471477","https://openalex.org/W2743276008","https://openalex.org/W2765855285","https://openalex.org/W2793934383","https://openalex.org/W2885900881","https://openalex.org/W2892268117","https://openalex.org/W2920930972","https://openalex.org/W2961363148","https://openalex.org/W2991156078","https://openalex.org/W3000661370","https://openalex.org/W3027229981","https://openalex.org/W3037228233","https://openalex.org/W3044103583","https://openalex.org/W3048380748","https://openalex.org/W3093432062","https://openalex.org/W3178670681","https://openalex.org/W4225004802","https://openalex.org/W4237622073","https://openalex.org/W4320001364","https://openalex.org/W6680034116","https://openalex.org/W6777424101","https://openalex.org/W6803051774"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067500012","https://openalex.org/W2089302322","https://openalex.org/W2566621269","https://openalex.org/W2012940346","https://openalex.org/W2072569182","https://openalex.org/W2039502658","https://openalex.org/W2053645158","https://openalex.org/W2040920708","https://openalex.org/W2029275573","https://openalex.org/W2079398811"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Atmospheric":[0],"carbon":[1,47],"dioxide":[2,48],"(CO":[3],"<sub":[4,72,104,123],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[5,73,105,124],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sub>":[6,74,106,125],")":[7],"is":[8,36,61,91,167,214,272],"the":[9,22,39,59,65,78,95,117,160,164,182,211,230,257,263,275],"primary":[10],"anthropogenic":[11],"driver":[12],"of":[13,21,69,80,97,100,121,129,137,163,174,266],"climate":[14],"change,":[15],"accounting":[16],"for":[17,45,88,217],"more":[18,215],"than":[19,256,268],"half":[20],"total":[23],"effective":[24],"radiative":[25],"forcing":[26],"(ERF).":[27],"Active":[28],"remote-sensing":[29],"technique":[30],"using":[31],"differential":[32,130],"absorption":[33,131],"Lidar":[34,55],"(DIAL)":[35],"recognized":[37],"as":[38,206,224],"most":[40],"promising":[41],"remote":[42],"sensing":[43],"means":[44],"atmospheric":[46,70],"measurements.":[49],"The":[50,140,148,156,250],"Aerosol":[51],"and":[52,82,135,184,193,201,208,227,241,259],"Carbon":[53],"Detection":[54],"(ACDL)":[56],"instrument":[57],"onboard":[58],"DQ-1":[60],"dedicated":[62],"to":[63,93,171,197],"quantifying":[64],"global":[66],"spatial":[67],"distribution":[68],"CO":[71,103,122],".":[75],"To":[76],"meet":[77],"requirement":[79],"accuracy":[81],"precision,":[83],"a":[84],"reasonable":[85],"averaging":[86,112,120,128,136,165,173,239],"scheme":[87,252],"ACDL":[89,231],"measurements":[90,175,246],"needed":[92],"minimize":[94],"effect":[96],"random":[98],"noise":[99],"observations":[101,232],"on":[102,154],"retrievals.":[107],"In":[108,180],"this":[109],"study,":[110],"three":[111,145,238],"schemes":[113,186,240],"were":[114,142,150,233],"conducted":[115],"in":[116],"retrieval":[118],"process:":[119],"columns":[126],"(AVX),":[127],"optical":[132],"depth":[133],"(AVD),":[134],"signals":[138],"(AVS).":[139],"performances":[141],"compared":[143],"at":[144,247],"representative":[146],"sites.":[147],"experiments":[149],"first":[151],"carried":[152],"out":[153],"simulations.":[155],"results":[157],"show":[158],"that":[159],"optimal":[161],"size":[162],"window":[166],"50":[168],"km,":[169],"corresponding":[170],"an":[172],"over":[176],"150":[177],"pulse":[178],"pairs.":[179],"addition,":[181],"AVX":[183,258],"AVD":[185,260],"are":[187],"less":[188,267],"affected":[189],"by":[190,236],"altitude":[191],"variations":[192],"can":[194],"be":[195],"applied":[196],"surfaces":[198,218],"with":[199,219,262,274],"moderate":[200],"severe":[202],"topographic":[203,221],"variation,":[204,222],"such":[205,223],"hills":[207],"mountains.":[209],"Whereas":[210],"AVS":[212,251],"method":[213],"suitable":[216],"slight":[220],"oceans,":[225],"plains,":[226],"terraces.":[228],"Furthermore,":[229],"also":[234],"retrieved":[235],"applying":[237],"validated":[242],"against":[243],"ground-based":[244],"TCCON":[245],"Xianghe":[248],"station.":[249],"exhibits":[253],"better":[254],"performance":[255],"methods":[261],"lowest":[264],"biases":[265],"0.5":[269],"ppm,":[270],"which":[271],"consistent":[273],"simulation":[276],"results.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}