{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392980169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3379355","title":"Multimodal Collaboration Networks for Geospatial Vehicle Detection in Dense, Occluded, and Large-Scale Events","display_name":"Multimodal Collaboration Networks for Geospatial Vehicle Detection in Dense, Occluded, and Large-Scale Events","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392980169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3379355"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3379355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3379355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100761149","display_name":"Xin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1733-3560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001851867","display_name":"Zhanchao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5522-283X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanchao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing of the Ministry of Education, The Academy of Digital China, and the National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Satellite Geospatial Information Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Satellite Geospatial Information Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing of the Ministry of Education, The Academy of Digital China, and the National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Satellite Geospatial Information Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Satellite Geospatial Information Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100335940","display_name":"Li Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0973-1614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106124934","display_name":"Jocelyn Chanussot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4817-2875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124956","display_name":"GIPSA-Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02wrme198","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CN","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jocelyn Chanussot","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, GIPSA-Lab, Grenoble, France","Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, GIPSA-Lab, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083368958","display_name":"Jiaojiao Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8407-5098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaojiao Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center, Weßling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center, Weßling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100761149"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1702,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94468946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.963100016117096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.963100016117096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9538999795913696,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9103000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.8485887050628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6528705954551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.598069429397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5530595779418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35075557231903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32812270522117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.20182999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.15064644813537598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.13033607602119446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.8485887050628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6528705954551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.598069429397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5530595779418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35075557231903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32812270522117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.20182999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.15064644813537598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13033607602119446}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3379355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3379355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:202885","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3379355>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6810561245","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012592186","https://openalex.org/W2021610926","https://openalex.org/W2296151615","https://openalex.org/W2346678256","https://openalex.org/W2512351403","https://openalex.org/W2577537809","https://openalex.org/W2607037079","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2903688779","https://openalex.org/W2911814348","https://openalex.org/W2953303055","https://openalex.org/W2962749812","https://openalex.org/W2982770724","https://openalex.org/W2986357608","https://openalex.org/W2992240579","https://openalex.org/W3033917167","https://openalex.org/W3041014620","https://openalex.org/W3101126838","https://openalex.org/W3103294617","https://openalex.org/W3106808132","https://openalex.org/W3134891657","https://openalex.org/W3137869439","https://openalex.org/W3183723752","https://openalex.org/W3210997334","https://openalex.org/W4211114389","https://openalex.org/W4211247672","https://openalex.org/W4293584584","https://openalex.org/W4313506322","https://openalex.org/W4378194596","https://openalex.org/W4379984088","https://openalex.org/W4387623802","https://openalex.org/W4388157208","https://openalex.org/W4393906060","https://openalex.org/W6750227808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2775347418","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"large-scale":[1,78],"disaster":[2,18],"events,":[3,79],"the":[4,12,17,23,27,41,108,147,154,185,196,200,205,210],"planning":[5],"of":[6,22,29,110,156,209],"optimal":[7],"rescue":[8],"routes":[9],"depends":[10],"on":[11,40,87,190],"object":[13],"detection":[14,75],"ability":[15],"at":[16],"scene,":[19],"with":[20,48,169],"one":[21],"main":[24,127],"challenges":[25],"being":[26],"presence":[28],"dense":[30,71,97],"and":[31,51,56,72,82,98,114,117,121,138,144,152,173,179,199,207],"occluded":[32,99,166],"objects.":[33,62],"Existing":[34],"methods,":[35],"which":[36],"are":[37,57],"typically":[38],"based":[39],"RGB":[42,81],"modality,":[43],"struggle":[44],"to":[45,59],"distinguish":[46],"targets":[47,168],"similar":[49],"colors":[50],"textures":[52],"in":[53],"crowded":[54],"environments":[55],"unable":[58],"identify":[60],"obscured":[61],"To":[63],"this":[64],"end,":[65],"we":[66,90],"first":[67],"construct":[68],"two":[69,159,191],"multimodal":[70,93,193],"occlusion":[73],"vehicle":[74,100,167],"datasets":[76],"for":[77,96,103],"utilizing":[80],"height":[83],"map":[84],"modalities.":[85,161],"Based":[86],"these":[88],"datasets,":[89,195],"propose":[91],"a":[92],"collaboration":[94],"network":[95],"detection,":[101],"MuDet":[102,105,124],"short.":[104],"hierarchically":[106],"enhances":[107],"completeness":[109],"discriminable":[111],"information":[112],"within":[113,149],"across":[115],"modalities":[116],"differentiates":[118],"between":[119],"simple":[120],"complex":[122,186],"samples.":[123],"includes":[125],"three":[126],"modules:":[128],"Unimodal":[129],"Feature":[130],"Hierarchical":[131],"Enhancement":[132],"(Uni-Enh),":[133],"Multimodal":[134],"Cross":[135],"Learning":[136],"(Mul-Lea),":[137],"Hard-easy":[139],"Discriminative":[140],"(He-Dis)":[141],"Pattern.":[142],"Uni-Enh":[143],"Mul-Lea":[145],"enhance":[146],"features":[148,157],"each":[150],"modality":[151],"facilitate":[153],"cross-integration":[155],"from":[158],"heterogeneous":[160],"He-Dis":[162],"effectively":[163],"separates":[164],"densely":[165],"significant":[170],"intra-class":[171],"differences":[172,176],"minimal":[174],"inter-class":[175],"by":[177],"defining":[178],"thresholding":[180],"confidence":[181],"values,":[182],"thereby":[183],"suppressing":[184],"background.":[187],"Experimental":[188],"results":[189],"re-labeled":[192],"benchmark":[194],"4K-SAI-LCS":[197],"dataset,":[198,203],"ISPRS":[201],"Potsdam":[202],"demonstrate":[204],"robustness":[206],"generalization":[208],"MuDet.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}