{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392543754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3374972","title":"Imaging of Rough Surfaces by RTM Method","display_name":"Imaging of Rough Surfaces by RTM Method","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392543754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3374972"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3374972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3374972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11729/5932","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010330885","display_name":"Ahmet Sefer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5168-4367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Sefer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Işık University, Istanbul, Turkey","Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5168-4367","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Işık University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034640732","display_name":"Ali Yapar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2966-5623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Yapar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Communications Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2966-5623","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Communications Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085491344","display_name":"Tanju Yelkenci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3668-7751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101260","display_name":"T\u00fcrkisch-Deutsche Universit\u00e4t","ror":"https://ror.org/017bbc354","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101260"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanju Yelkenci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Turkish-German University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3668-7751","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Turkish-German University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101260"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010330885"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4696,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.926468,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11138","display_name":"Tribology and Lubrication Engineering","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9611999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5506017208099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.36771607398986816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.349919855594635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.28436926007270813}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5506017208099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.36771607398986816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.349919855594635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.28436926007270813}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3374972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3374972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:acikerisim.isikun.edu.tr:11729/5932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11729/5932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401174","display_name":"Akademik A\u00e7\u0131k Eri\u015fim (I\u015f\u0131k \u00dcniversitesi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I167234411","host_organization_name":"I\u015f\u0131k University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167234411"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:polen.itu.edu.tr:11527/58103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11527/58103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400460","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University Academic Open Archive (Istanbul Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","host_organization_name":"Istanbul Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:acikerisim.isikun.edu.tr:11729/5932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11729/5932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401174","display_name":"Akademik A\u00e7\u0131k Eri\u015fim (I\u015f\u0131k \u00dcniversitesi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I167234411","host_organization_name":"I\u015f\u0131k University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167234411"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1173758851","https://openalex.org/W1607823060","https://openalex.org/W1840567362","https://openalex.org/W1949321882","https://openalex.org/W1999346859","https://openalex.org/W2013139778","https://openalex.org/W2044760503","https://openalex.org/W2067988884","https://openalex.org/W2076211048","https://openalex.org/W2077508518","https://openalex.org/W2084420727","https://openalex.org/W2089340654","https://openalex.org/W2099861694","https://openalex.org/W2109759579","https://openalex.org/W2126352344","https://openalex.org/W2145522180","https://openalex.org/W2156439383","https://openalex.org/W2300168262","https://openalex.org/W2326094344","https://openalex.org/W2416067360","https://openalex.org/W2478138006","https://openalex.org/W2511729152","https://openalex.org/W2528880411","https://openalex.org/W2546482508","https://openalex.org/W2761128996","https://openalex.org/W2781975418","https://openalex.org/W2794093668","https://openalex.org/W2891214585","https://openalex.org/W2946533695","https://openalex.org/W2965121457","https://openalex.org/W2982486453","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W3033789610","https://openalex.org/W3098863511","https://openalex.org/W3134392879","https://openalex.org/W3197910285","https://openalex.org/W3212783463","https://openalex.org/W3215678036","https://openalex.org/W4211007665","https://openalex.org/W4226312391","https://openalex.org/W4247036078","https://openalex.org/W4248288458","https://openalex.org/W4250094988","https://openalex.org/W4254020676","https://openalex.org/W4285238544","https://openalex.org/W4285820311","https://openalex.org/W4290182795","https://openalex.org/W4312619699","https://openalex.org/W4312706784","https://openalex.org/W4313152764","https://openalex.org/W4381736047","https://openalex.org/W4385285666","https://openalex.org/W4386524965","https://openalex.org/W4387365195"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"electromagnetic":[1],"imaging":[2,114],"framework":[3],"is":[4,36,43,60,65,107,117,133,175],"implemented":[5],"utilizing":[6],"a":[7,39,68,112,122],"single":[8],"frequency":[9],"reverse":[10],"time":[11],"migration":[12],"(RTM)":[13],"technique":[14],"to":[15,110],"accurately":[16],"reconstruct":[17],"inaccessible":[18],"two-dimensional":[19],"(2D)":[20],"rough":[21],"surface":[22,33,64,103,157],"profiles":[23],"from":[24],"the":[25,63,75,96,102,126,136,139,142,152,155,160,163,172],"knowledge":[26],"of":[27,70,125,128,154,171,184],"scattered":[28,79],"field":[29],"data.":[30],"The":[31,78,169],"unknown":[32,156],"profile,":[34],"which":[35,81,116],"expressed":[37],"as":[38],"1D":[40],"height":[41],"function,":[42],"either":[44],"perfectly":[45],"electric":[46],"conducting":[47],"(PEC)":[48],"or":[49],"an":[50],"interface":[51],"between":[52,144],"two":[53,145],"penetrable":[54],"media.":[55],"For":[56],"both":[57],"cases,":[58],"it":[59,149],"assumed":[61],"that":[62],"illuminated":[66],"by":[67,85,94,135,178],"number":[69],"line":[71],"sources":[72],"located":[73],"in":[74,88,138,151],"upper":[76],"medium.":[77],"fields,":[80],"should":[82],"be":[83],"collected":[84],"real":[86],"measurements":[87],"practical":[89],"applications,":[90],"are":[91],"obtained":[92],"synthetically":[93],"solving":[95],"associated":[97],"direct":[98],"scattering":[99,185],"problem":[100],"through":[101],"integral":[104],"equations.":[105],"RTM":[106],"subsequently":[108],"applied":[109],"generate":[111],"cross-correlation":[113],"functional":[115,137,164],"evaluated":[118],"numerically":[119],"and":[120],"provides":[121],"2D":[123],"image":[124],"region":[127],"interest.":[129],"A":[130],"high":[131],"correlation":[132],"observed":[134],"regions":[140],"where":[141,162],"transitions":[143],"media":[146],"occur.":[147],"Hence,":[148],"results":[150],"acquisition":[153],"profile":[158],"at":[159],"sites":[161],"attains":[165],"its":[166],"highest":[167],"values.":[168],"efficiency":[170],"proposed":[173],"method":[174],"comprehensively":[176],"tested":[177],"numerical":[179],"examples":[180],"covering":[181],"various":[182],"types":[183],"scenarios.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-12T08:28:47.272897","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}