{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391235372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3358397","title":"Geo-STO3Net: A Deep Neural Network Integrating Geographical Spatiotemporal Information for Surface Ozone Estimation","display_name":"Geo-STO3Net: A Deep Neural Network Integrating Geographical Spatiotemporal Information for Surface Ozone Estimation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391235372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3358397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3358397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3358397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032513352","display_name":"Binjie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8468-8310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binjie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8468-8310","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059002515","display_name":"Qiming Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7393-6585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiming Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China","Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050009113","display_name":"Weiwei Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-7858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-7858","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074018705","display_name":"Gang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7001-2037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7001-2037","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013725152","display_name":"Feng Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7888-0587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061527815","display_name":"Yumiao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0980-5353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yumiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1531,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73350835,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.5807867646217346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.576840877532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5420724749565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5021185874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.42226824164390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-information-system","display_name":"Geographic information system","score":0.42040368914604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ozone","display_name":"Ozone","score":0.42022499442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3404708504676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3380483388900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.28668519854545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.21787023544311523}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.5807867646217346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.576840877532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5420724749565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5021185874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.42226824164390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.42040368914604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C508106653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36933","display_name":"Ozone","level":2,"score":0.42022499442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3404708504676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3380483388900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.28668519854545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.21787023544311523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3358397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3358397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3316504402","display_name":"\u957f\u4e09\u89d2\u5730\u533a\u8fd1\u5730\u9762\u81ed\u6c27\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u957f\u65f6\u5e8f\u536b\u661f\u9065\u611f\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0e\u9a71\u52a8\u56e0\u7d20\u5206\u6790","funder_award_id":"LQ23D050002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3923839017","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SJLY2023002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4554350417","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4812373170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P0044791","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5087077198","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42301379","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5274429011","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022Z032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336552","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Innovation 2025 Major Project of Ningbo"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336552","display_name":"Science and Technology Innovation 2025 Major Project of Ningbo","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4554350417","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008987978","https://openalex.org/W2076371860","https://openalex.org/W2108351774","https://openalex.org/W2480175994","https://openalex.org/W2532505215","https://openalex.org/W2767085346","https://openalex.org/W2799651331","https://openalex.org/W2891351177","https://openalex.org/W2908510209","https://openalex.org/W2913897408","https://openalex.org/W2940726923","https://openalex.org/W2941297605","https://openalex.org/W2962949934","https://openalex.org/W2971807556","https://openalex.org/W2977733682","https://openalex.org/W2982156305","https://openalex.org/W3000672840","https://openalex.org/W3003525358","https://openalex.org/W3005625484","https://openalex.org/W3014641072","https://openalex.org/W3023069035","https://openalex.org/W3034075062","https://openalex.org/W3072681182","https://openalex.org/W3080409841","https://openalex.org/W3091850311","https://openalex.org/W3092861045","https://openalex.org/W3096846826","https://openalex.org/W3118311777","https://openalex.org/W3128072837","https://openalex.org/W3134768566","https://openalex.org/W3147014757","https://openalex.org/W3161454960","https://openalex.org/W3190822217","https://openalex.org/W3197933767","https://openalex.org/W3198585162","https://openalex.org/W3207596498","https://openalex.org/W4205566485","https://openalex.org/W4220757077","https://openalex.org/W4220875248","https://openalex.org/W4224257820","https://openalex.org/W4281633040","https://openalex.org/W4282007141","https://openalex.org/W4285162913","https://openalex.org/W4285251411","https://openalex.org/W4285277843","https://openalex.org/W4292075093","https://openalex.org/W4294842966","https://openalex.org/W4310060183","https://openalex.org/W4311764670","https://openalex.org/W4312065356","https://openalex.org/W4360873360","https://openalex.org/W4362519158","https://openalex.org/W4367397098"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220736769","https://openalex.org/W4255838785","https://openalex.org/W2045240273","https://openalex.org/W1973746152","https://openalex.org/W2332134708","https://openalex.org/W2055079391","https://openalex.org/W2012236159","https://openalex.org/W2597723370","https://openalex.org/W2362740038","https://openalex.org/W4244771765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,99,154,185],"escalating":[1],"surface":[2,36,93,240,263],"ozone":[3],"(O":[4],"<sub":[5,38,61,95,225,242,265],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[6,39,62,96,146,168,210,226,243,250,266],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">3</sub>":[7,40,63,97,227,244,267],")":[8],"pollution":[9,228],"in":[10,35,175,189,236],"urban":[11],"areas":[12],"throughout":[13],"China":[14],"has":[15,50,56],"raised":[16],"significant":[17],"concerns":[18],"due":[19],"to":[20,79,128,195,200,216],"its":[21],"detrimental":[22],"impacts":[23],"on":[24,107,115,123,181],"public":[25],"health,":[26],"local":[27],"environment":[28],"and":[29,89,118,160,173,178,269],"agriculture.":[30],"Despite":[31],"of":[32,46,149,171,276],"numerous":[33],"efforts":[34],"O":[37,60,94,224,241,264],"estimation,":[41],"intricate":[42,132],"geographical":[43,133,191],"spatiotemporal":[44,134,192],"interactions":[45],"the":[47,59,108,116,124,131,137,222,230,274],"potential":[48],"predictors":[49],"been":[51],"largely":[52],"overlooked.":[53],"This":[54],"limitation":[55],"significantly":[57],"constrained":[58],"estimation":[64],"accuracy.":[65],"To":[66],"address":[67],"this":[68,203],"issue,":[69],"we":[70],"proposed":[71,257],"a":[72,103,111,119],"novel":[73],"deep":[74],"neural":[75],"Network,":[76,110],"named":[77],"Geo-STO3Net,":[78],"effectively":[80],"integrate":[81],"adjacent":[82],"Geographical":[83],"SpatioTemporal":[84],"information":[85,193],"from":[86,214],"meteorological":[87],"data":[88],"satellite":[90],"observations":[91],"into":[92,273],"estimation.":[98],"Geo-STO3Net":[100,155,186,258],"model":[101,140,156,259],"used":[102],"spatial":[104,159,177],"encoder":[105,113],"based":[106,114,122],"Residual":[109],"temporal":[112,161,179],"Transformer,":[117],"feature":[120],"decoder":[121],"Deep":[125],"Neural":[126],"Networks":[127],"comprehensively":[129],"capture":[130],"dependencies":[135],"among":[136],"predictors.":[138],"Our":[139,218],"achieved":[141],"cross-validation":[142],"(CV)":[143],"R":[144,166,208],"<sup":[145,167,209,249],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[147,169,211],"value":[148],"0.95,":[150],"outperforming":[151],"popular":[152],"models.":[153],"demonstrated":[157],"robust":[158],"transferability,":[162],"as":[163],"evidenced":[164],"by":[165],"values":[170,212],"0.94":[172],"0.82":[174],"external":[176],"validation":[180],"monthly":[182],"scales,":[183],"respectively.":[184],"model\u2019s":[187],"proficiency":[188],"handling":[190],"led":[194],"substantial":[196],"performance":[197],"improvements":[198],"compared":[199],"models":[201],"lacking":[202],"feature,":[204],"with":[205,238],"improved":[206],"CV":[207],"ranging":[213],"0.01":[215],"0.18.":[217],"findings":[219],"also":[220],"highlighted":[221],"severe":[223],"over":[229],"Yangtze":[231],"River":[232],"Delta":[233],"(YRD)":[234],"region":[235],"2022,":[237],"average":[239],"concentrations":[245],"reaching":[246],"103.14":[247],"\u03bcg/m":[248],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">3</sup>":[251],".":[252],"These":[253],"evidences":[254],"indicate":[255],"our":[256],"can":[260],"accurately":[261],"estimate":[262],"concentrations,":[268],"provide":[270],"valuable":[271],"insights":[272],"development":[275],"effective":[277],"control":[278],"policies.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-13T07:31:44.756512","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
