{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390659299","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3350891","title":"Toward the Estimation of Oil Slick Thickness on Newly Formed Sea Ice Using C-Band Radar Backscatter","display_name":"Toward the Estimation of Oil Slick Thickness on Newly Formed Sea Ice Using C-Band Radar Backscatter","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390659299","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3350891"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3350891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3350891","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/4358825/10382617.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/4358825/10382617.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003582046","display_name":"Elvis Asihene","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6116-0081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elvis Asihene","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065935468","display_name":"Alexander S. Komarov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-2104"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342547582","display_name":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/026ny0e17","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342547582","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander S. Komarov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Assimilation and Satellite Meteorology Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Canada","Data Assimilation and Satellite Meteorology Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Assimilation and Satellite Meteorology Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342547582"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Assimilation and Satellite Meteorology Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342547582"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039570658","display_name":"Gary A. Stern","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-0841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Stern","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064059260","display_name":"Colin Gilmore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-3545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colin Gilmore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS) and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS) and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030268807","display_name":"Dustin Isleifson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9349-8076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dustin Isleifson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS) and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS) and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003582046"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3818,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48484322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7026075720787048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.6874275803565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.5439578890800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5418752431869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5397705435752869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice","display_name":"Sea ice","score":0.5285747647285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scatterometer","display_name":"Scatterometer","score":0.46078813076019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.44797438383102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarimetry","display_name":"Polarimetry","score":0.44229960441589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.4341813027858734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.430832177400589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.34763336181640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.20393890142440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.1817399263381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.13764256238937378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.10933578014373779}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7026075720787048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.6874275803565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.5439578890800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5418752431869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5397705435752869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.5285747647285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776212561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905295","display_name":"Scatterometer","level":3,"score":0.46078813076019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.44797438383102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28493345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899381","display_name":"Polarimetry","level":3,"score":0.44229960441589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.4341813027858734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.430832177400589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.34763336181640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.20393890142440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.1817399263381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.13764256238937378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10933578014373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3350891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3350891","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/4358825/10382617.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2024.3350891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2024.3350891","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/4358825/10382617.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8284766523","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(NSERC)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310810","display_name":"Research Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02qrynm70"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319952","display_name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/000az4664"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390659299.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390659299.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W385663865","https://openalex.org/W857715862","https://openalex.org/W1482393903","https://openalex.org/W1589384858","https://openalex.org/W1608677044","https://openalex.org/W1621855173","https://openalex.org/W1730331799","https://openalex.org/W1967552983","https://openalex.org/W1973178306","https://openalex.org/W1985226606","https://openalex.org/W1999888009","https://openalex.org/W2006107076","https://openalex.org/W2019442696","https://openalex.org/W2024557266","https://openalex.org/W2036971328","https://openalex.org/W2052898748","https://openalex.org/W2060211536","https://openalex.org/W2081946985","https://openalex.org/W2106901539","https://openalex.org/W2111019462","https://openalex.org/W2125602764","https://openalex.org/W2137448730","https://openalex.org/W2141656898","https://openalex.org/W2147748109","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2164961807","https://openalex.org/W2221500226","https://openalex.org/W2236274389","https://openalex.org/W2390860302","https://openalex.org/W2610439987","https://openalex.org/W2610532551","https://openalex.org/W2743313563","https://openalex.org/W2790106049","https://openalex.org/W2792084068","https://openalex.org/W2793873171","https://openalex.org/W2800967633","https://openalex.org/W2802172300","https://openalex.org/W3001804068","https://openalex.org/W3056465565","https://openalex.org/W3106650083","https://openalex.org/W3130128343","https://openalex.org/W3132744051","https://openalex.org/W3134890856","https://openalex.org/W3155224614","https://openalex.org/W3193404937","https://openalex.org/W3195953511","https://openalex.org/W3208710985","https://openalex.org/W4206571007","https://openalex.org/W4235552858","https://openalex.org/W4312815878","https://openalex.org/W4383562238","https://openalex.org/W4384283977","https://openalex.org/W6623693733","https://openalex.org/W6878404371","https://openalex.org/W6878768733"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070850297","https://openalex.org/W2146056128","https://openalex.org/W2113437624","https://openalex.org/W3130749594","https://openalex.org/W3206881126","https://openalex.org/W2566865967","https://openalex.org/W2142726197","https://openalex.org/W790100635","https://openalex.org/W2031457372","https://openalex.org/W2054436446"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Oil":[0],"thickness":[1,39,97,123,151,178],"in":[2],"oil":[3,16,37,80,140,176,207],"spills":[4],"involving":[5],"sea":[6,52],"ice":[7,53,138],"is":[8],"a":[9,27,32,59,63],"key":[10],"parameter":[11],"required":[12],"for":[13,35,199,217],"an":[14,79,158],"effective":[15],"spill":[17,208],"response;":[18],"however,":[19],"quantifying":[20],"it":[21,131,187],"from":[22,85,157,210],"radar":[23,73,215],"backscatter":[24,93,128],"data":[25,156],"remains":[26],"difficult":[28],"task.":[29],"We":[30],"investigated":[31],"possible":[33],"solution":[34],"estimating":[36],"slick":[38,81,96,122,150,177],"by":[40,78,181,190],"using":[41,126,154],"electromagnetic":[42],"forward":[43,56],"and":[44,130,139,145,212],"inverse":[45,110],"scattering":[46],"models":[47],"of":[48,62,75,135,164],"oil-covered":[49],"newly":[50],"formed":[51],"(NI).":[54],"Our":[55,109],"model":[57,111],"employs":[58],"first-order":[60],"approximation":[61],"multilayered":[64],"small":[65],"perturbation":[66],"method":[67],"to":[68,102,119,203],"predict":[69],"two":[70],"copolarization":[71],"C-band":[72,214],"backscatters":[74],"NI":[76,125],"covered":[77],"with":[82,184],"thicknesses":[83],"ranging":[84],"0\u20137":[86],"mm.":[87],"The":[88],"results":[89],"showed":[90],"that":[91],"the":[92,106,114,121,133,148,162,173,197,205],"decreases":[94],"as":[95],"increases,":[98],"which":[99],"we":[100],"attributed":[101],"signal":[103],"attenuation":[104],"within":[105],"saline-oil":[107],"layer.":[108],"relies":[112],"on":[113,124],"particle":[115],"swarm":[116],"optimization":[117],"algorithm":[118],"determine":[120],"synthetic":[127,171],"data,":[129,172,186],"requires":[132],"input":[134],"several":[136],"important":[137],"physical":[141],"parameters":[142],"(thickness,":[143],"dielectrics,":[144],"roughness).":[146],"Moreover,":[147],"estimated":[149],"was":[152,179,188],"validated":[153],"scatterometer":[155],"oil-on-ice":[159],"experiment":[160],"at":[161],"University":[163],"Manitoba\u2019s":[165],"Sea-ice":[166],"Environmental":[167],"Research":[168],"Facility.":[169],"With":[170],"5":[174],"mm":[175],"overestimated":[180,189],"25%,":[182],"while":[183],"experimental":[185],"8%.":[191],"Overall,":[192],"our":[193],"findings":[194],"have":[195],"laid":[196],"groundwork":[198],"future":[200,213],"inversion":[201],"studies":[202],"identify":[204],"thickest":[206],"zone":[209],"current":[211],"satellites":[216],"immediate":[218],"response.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2024-01-13T00:00:00"}