{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390489074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3348974","title":"Spatiotemporal Cube Model Based on Stress Features for Identification of Heavy Metal Stress in Rice","display_name":"Spatiotemporal Cube Model Based on Stress Features for Identification of Heavy Metal Stress in Rice","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390489074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3348974"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3348974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3348974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103116090","display_name":"Shuyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3744-0557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027586665","display_name":"Meiling Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8662-3476"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meiling Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101422783","display_name":"Yiman Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3245-2020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiman Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007678672","display_name":"Ling Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1712-191X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101908655","display_name":"Botian Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-0713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123021","display_name":"Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031npqv35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210123021"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Botian Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123021"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009150899","display_name":"Lingwen Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingwen Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103116090"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8366,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83162595,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5433704257011414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.4922107756137848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cube","display_name":"Cube (algebra)","score":0.4638040065765381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4536641240119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4349946975708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39249008893966675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32129570841789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3203437626361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2755672335624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.15090763568878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.14894086122512817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.07030928134918213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5433704257011414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.4922107756137848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53051483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861555","display_name":"Cube (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4638040065765381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4536641240119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4349946975708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39249008893966675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32129570841789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3203437626361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2755672335624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.15090763568878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.14894086122512817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.07030928134918213}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3348974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3348974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5604403176","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0792","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8041346620","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42071391","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1586410151","https://openalex.org/W1844167064","https://openalex.org/W1965405697","https://openalex.org/W1984792953","https://openalex.org/W1993748934","https://openalex.org/W2011554068","https://openalex.org/W2030991663","https://openalex.org/W2033176844","https://openalex.org/W2044388329","https://openalex.org/W2072749399","https://openalex.org/W2086375200","https://openalex.org/W2114193021","https://openalex.org/W2150140969","https://openalex.org/W2153126595","https://openalex.org/W2155674961","https://openalex.org/W2178297948","https://openalex.org/W2310098854","https://openalex.org/W2346974590","https://openalex.org/W2395175464","https://openalex.org/W2470020290","https://openalex.org/W2489920132","https://openalex.org/W2509779719","https://openalex.org/W2752433190","https://openalex.org/W2760630536","https://openalex.org/W2802370160","https://openalex.org/W2807942071","https://openalex.org/W2819107377","https://openalex.org/W2911440742","https://openalex.org/W2944260982","https://openalex.org/W2945768950","https://openalex.org/W2950857612","https://openalex.org/W2989672122","https://openalex.org/W3013672939","https://openalex.org/W3023058341","https://openalex.org/W3023149787","https://openalex.org/W3043213779","https://openalex.org/W3132595333","https://openalex.org/W3173624183","https://openalex.org/W3174485501","https://openalex.org/W3199148781","https://openalex.org/W4212931493","https://openalex.org/W4243698895","https://openalex.org/W4281645000","https://openalex.org/W4295004942","https://openalex.org/W4321447299","https://openalex.org/W6720221285"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283690284","https://openalex.org/W3180808905","https://openalex.org/W2405444689","https://openalex.org/W2085033728","https://openalex.org/W4285411112","https://openalex.org/W2171299904","https://openalex.org/W1647606319","https://openalex.org/W268440552","https://openalex.org/W4390494008","https://openalex.org/W2053596378"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39,159],"spatiotemporal":[1,18,40,49,65,103,113,121,130,218],"analysis":[2],"of":[3,47,90,105,132,172,180,200,216,220],"crop":[4,14],"spectral":[5],"features":[6,50],"has":[7,44],"become":[8],"a":[9,142],"mainstream":[10],"method":[11],"for":[12,230],"identifying":[13,34,231],"stresses.":[15,135],"However,":[16],"current":[17],"feature":[19],"extraction":[20],"methods":[21],"fragment":[22],"the":[23,45,79,83,96,106,129,165,173,175,186,198,201,205,214],"relationship":[24],"between":[25],"time":[26,53,88],"and":[27,54,71,117,155,178,210],"space,":[28],"resulting":[29],"in":[30,33,37,76,82,146,235],"low":[31],"accuracy":[32],"different":[35,68],"stresses":[36,70],"crops.":[38],"cube":[41],"(ST-cube)":[42],"model":[43,62],"advantage":[46],"integrating":[48],"by":[51],"unifying":[52],"space":[55],"modeling.":[56],"This":[57],"study":[58,138],"proposes":[59],"an":[60,110,118],"ST-cube":[61,97],"to":[63,100,127,194],"mine":[64],"changes":[66],"under":[67,134,164,222,237],"rice":[69,91,133,143,163,221,236],"identify":[72],"heavy":[73,232],"metal":[74,233],"stress":[75,80,166,202,234,239],"rice.":[77,108],"First,":[78],"information":[81],"enhanced":[84],"vegetation":[85],"index":[86,115,123],"(EVI)":[87],"series":[89],"pixels":[92],"was":[93,98,139],"extracted.":[94],"Second,":[95],"segmented":[99],"obtain":[101],"continuous":[102,217],"units":[104],"stressed":[107],"Finally,":[109],"intraannual":[111],"global":[112,120],"stability":[114,122,131,215],"(GSTSintra)":[116],"interannual":[119],"(GSTSinter)":[124],"were":[125,183,192,207],"constructed":[126],"evaluate":[128],"A":[136],"case":[137],"performed":[140],"on":[141],"planting":[144],"area":[145],"Zhuzhou,":[147],"Hunan,":[148],"China,":[149],"during":[150,204],"2019\u20132021":[151],"using":[152],"Sentinel-2A":[153],"images":[154],"field":[156],"measurement":[157],"data.":[158],"results":[160],"indicated":[161],"that":[162,197],"exhibits":[167],"significant":[168],"spatial":[169,176],"clustering.":[170],"Regardless":[171],"year,":[174],"distribution":[177],"proportion":[179],"GSTSintra":[181,209],"values":[182,191],"similar.":[184,208],"In":[185],"three-year":[187],"analysis,":[188],"most":[189],"GSTSinter":[190,211],"close":[193],"1,":[195],"indicating":[196],"sources":[199],"experienced":[203],"years":[206],"accurately":[212],"revealed":[213],"distributions":[219],"stress,":[223],"which":[224],"can":[225],"open":[226],"up":[227],"new":[228],"avenues":[229],"complex":[238],"conditions.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
