{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390187356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3347401","title":"Multilevel Adaptive Photon Cloud Noise Filtering Algorithm for Different Observation Time Scenes in Forest Environments","display_name":"Multilevel Adaptive Photon Cloud Noise Filtering Algorithm for Different Observation Time Scenes in Forest Environments","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390187356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3347401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3347401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3347401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077802060","display_name":"Jiapeng Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5722-1064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176808543","display_name":"Liaoning Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01n2bd587","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176808543"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiapeng Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Surveying and Mapping and Geographical Sciences, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5722-1064","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Surveying and Mapping and Geographical Sciences, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176808543"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112984547","display_name":"Tingting Xia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176808543","display_name":"Liaoning Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01n2bd587","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176808543"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingting Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Surveying and Mapping and Geographical Sciences, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2569-9183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Surveying and Mapping and Geographical Sciences, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176808543"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176808543"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0679,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78476364,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10895","display_name":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6482176184654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6327801942825317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5978089570999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5944809317588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5037605166435242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/median-filter","display_name":"Median filter","score":0.5002143383026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.459126353263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daytime","display_name":"Daytime","score":0.44064366817474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-counting","display_name":"Photon counting","score":0.4185553193092346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atlas","display_name":"Atlas (anatomy)","score":0.4183046817779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25656652450561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.1975935399532318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.14628219604492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.11569076776504517}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6482176184654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6327801942825317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5978089570999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5944809317588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5037605166435242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55352655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304247","display_name":"Median filter","level":4,"score":0.5002143383026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.459126353263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162725370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52643","display_name":"Daytime","level":2,"score":0.44064366817474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781402376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126172","display_name":"Photon counting","level":3,"score":0.4185553193092346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776673561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655357","display_name":"Atlas (anatomy)","level":2,"score":0.4183046817779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25656652450561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.1975935399532318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.14628219604492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.11569076776504517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3347401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3347401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2769482650","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LNTU20TD-23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325567","funder_display_name":"Liaoning Technical University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G321758657","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFA0608501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3443542345","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFB0504204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G669807175","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Y938091","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","funder_display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6705048230","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFE0117700-6","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7794342880","display_name":"\u6539\u8fdbBRDF\u5148\u9a8c\u77e5\u8bc6\u8026\u5408\u7b56\u7565\u7684Landsat30\u7c73\u5730\u8868\u53cd\u7167\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1","funder_award_id":"42071351","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8140682692","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XLYC1802027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329895","funder_display_name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325567","display_name":"Liaoning Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01n2bd587"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329895","display_name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W651195712","https://openalex.org/W1965228281","https://openalex.org/W1989313425","https://openalex.org/W1993918722","https://openalex.org/W1998011866","https://openalex.org/W2018140562","https://openalex.org/W2020457848","https://openalex.org/W2027322662","https://openalex.org/W2031319220","https://openalex.org/W2041402753","https://openalex.org/W2046788667","https://openalex.org/W2145794009","https://openalex.org/W2347201226","https://openalex.org/W2568967893","https://openalex.org/W2586632807","https://openalex.org/W2736724433","https://openalex.org/W2745081071","https://openalex.org/W2792703975","https://openalex.org/W2800284212","https://openalex.org/W2802570838","https://openalex.org/W2901674962","https://openalex.org/W2904758594","https://openalex.org/W2905283811","https://openalex.org/W2915163000","https://openalex.org/W2920655408","https://openalex.org/W2925970294","https://openalex.org/W2941542684","https://openalex.org/W2953081360","https://openalex.org/W2968190344","https://openalex.org/W3037823952","https://openalex.org/W3046831380","https://openalex.org/W3178577652","https://openalex.org/W3210787280","https://openalex.org/W4287217363","https://openalex.org/W4293147144","https://openalex.org/W4293192701","https://openalex.org/W4385440570"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081293791","https://openalex.org/W2072650855","https://openalex.org/W3108670580","https://openalex.org/W1986730386","https://openalex.org/W2043317507","https://openalex.org/W82438832","https://openalex.org/W124567884","https://openalex.org/W2035239275","https://openalex.org/W2256171741","https://openalex.org/W1635502484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Advanced":[0],"Topographic":[1],"Laser":[2],"Altimeter":[3],"System":[4],"(ATLAS)":[5],"is":[6,27,241],"a":[7,35,50,56],"new":[8],"micropulse":[9],"photon-counting":[10],"laser":[11,99],"system":[12,26],"that":[13,70,122,199,210],"offers":[14],"unprecedented":[15],"options":[16],"for":[17,44,65,108,247],"the":[18,24,39,72,84,105,116,123,137,168,182,200,211,216,226,230,236],"observation":[19,46,67,96,187,196,206,219],"of":[20,77,150,160,181,218,243],"forest":[21,51,102,223,249],"ecosystems.":[22],"However,":[23],"ATLAS":[25,106,139],"sensitive":[28],"to":[29,38],"solar":[30],"background":[31],"noise,":[32],"which":[33,162],"poses":[34],"tremendous":[36],"challenge":[37],"photon":[40,59],"cloud":[41,60],"noise":[42,61,80,130],"filtering":[43,62,171,233],"various":[45],"time":[47,68,97,220],"scenes":[48,69],"in":[49,111,115,128,136,222],"environment.":[52],"This":[53],"article":[54],"presents":[55],"multilevel":[57],"adaptive":[58],"algorithm":[63,82,91,125,184,201,228],"(MLAPCNF)":[64],"different":[66,95],"integrate":[71],"improved":[73,85],"density-based":[74],"spatial":[75],"clustering":[76],"applications":[78],"with":[79,141],"(DBSCAN)":[81],"and":[83,101,132,152,240],"localized":[86],"statistics":[87],"algorithm.":[88],"The":[89,119,173],"MLAPCNF":[90,124,183,227],"was":[92,126],"tested":[93],"at":[94,235],"scenarios,":[98],"intensities,":[100],"coverage":[103],"using":[104],"dataset":[107],"forests":[109],"located":[110],"nine":[112],"study":[113],"areas":[114],"United":[117],"States.":[118],"results":[120,166],"showed":[121],"effective":[127],"identifying":[129],"photons":[131,135],"preserving":[133],"signal":[134],"raw":[138],"data":[140,246],"an":[142],"<inline-formula":[143,153,174],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[144,154,175],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[145,155,176],"<tex-math":[146,156,177],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$R$":[147],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[148,158,179],"value":[149,159],"0.99":[151],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$F$":[157,178],"0.79":[161],"produced":[163],"marginally":[164],"superior":[165],"than":[167,192],"other":[169,231],"existing":[170,232],"methods.":[172],"values":[180],"under":[185,194,204],"daytime":[186,205],"conditions":[188],"were":[189],"0.01\u20130.03":[190],"higher":[191],"those":[193],"nighttime":[195],"conditions,":[197],"indicating":[198],"performed":[202],"better":[203],"conditions.":[207],"Results":[208],"demonstrated":[209],"proposed":[212],"method":[213],"can":[214],"eliminate":[215],"impact":[217],"differences":[221],"environments.":[224],"Overall,":[225],"outperforms":[229],"techniques":[234],"given":[237],"test":[238],"site":[239],"capable":[242],"delivering":[244],"accurate":[245],"estimating":[248],"structural":[250],"parameters.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
