{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392061680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3343938","title":"A New Multi-Resolution GNSS Tomography Method Based on Atmospheric Water Vapor Distributions","display_name":"A New Multi-Resolution GNSS Tomography Method Based on Atmospheric Water Vapor Distributions","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392061680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3343938"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3343938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3343938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100339839","display_name":"Wenyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1243-0481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1243-0481","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040893666","display_name":"Gregor M\u00f6ller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6153-3084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["AT","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregor M\u00f6ller","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6153-3084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101722052","display_name":"Nanshan Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5474-1854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nanshan Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035478113","display_name":"Shubi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-7688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shubi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013412455","display_name":"QI Ming-xin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingxin Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115694853","display_name":"Mengyao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6799-8579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengyao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.823,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95059326,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.7409953474998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7178266048431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-vapor","display_name":"Water vapor","score":0.6067442297935486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.5765277743339539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.556871235370636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-model","display_name":"Atmospheric model","score":0.5091654658317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.5025982856750488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.4449208676815033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.3514575660228729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.31837961077690125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.30724355578422546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.22926130890846252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.17953839898109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.1654869019985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14844349026679993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11473861336708069}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.7409953474998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7178266048431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147534773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190120","display_name":"Water vapor","level":2,"score":0.6067442297935486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.5765277743339539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.556871235370636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.5091654658317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.5025982856750488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.4449208676815033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.3514575660228729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31837961077690125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.30724355578422546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.22926130890846252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17953839898109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.1654869019985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14844349026679993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11473861336708069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3343938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3343938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2900236572","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024QN11077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4961772386","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22A20569","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5604365522","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42271460","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607909567","https://openalex.org/W1967157701","https://openalex.org/W1967535994","https://openalex.org/W1986563654","https://openalex.org/W2001432309","https://openalex.org/W2002339228","https://openalex.org/W2003414025","https://openalex.org/W2004819268","https://openalex.org/W2021214714","https://openalex.org/W2025626286","https://openalex.org/W2035154002","https://openalex.org/W2047586898","https://openalex.org/W2062649567","https://openalex.org/W2064174055","https://openalex.org/W2068342176","https://openalex.org/W2068353266","https://openalex.org/W2073986617","https://openalex.org/W2103989899","https://openalex.org/W2112306707","https://openalex.org/W2321985919","https://openalex.org/W2767053458","https://openalex.org/W2781901994","https://openalex.org/W2790454017","https://openalex.org/W2803789078","https://openalex.org/W2805054844","https://openalex.org/W2819674488","https://openalex.org/W2936976807","https://openalex.org/W3012319900","https://openalex.org/W3022095765","https://openalex.org/W3033976508","https://openalex.org/W3037573100","https://openalex.org/W3047390090","https://openalex.org/W3128006748","https://openalex.org/W3160128245","https://openalex.org/W3195965262","https://openalex.org/W3204857866","https://openalex.org/W3207171204","https://openalex.org/W3212000877","https://openalex.org/W4225278541","https://openalex.org/W4313408216","https://openalex.org/W4386118394"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386936491","https://openalex.org/W3007931018","https://openalex.org/W3110195467","https://openalex.org/W3033823235","https://openalex.org/W2881093137","https://openalex.org/W4391128647","https://openalex.org/W4384916587","https://openalex.org/W2163330330","https://openalex.org/W1982137911","https://openalex.org/W2753457386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,107,178],"Global":[1],"Navigation":[2],"Satellite":[3],"Systems":[4],"(GNSS)":[5],"water":[6,21,84,105,114,135,194,220,240],"vapor":[7,22,115,136,195,221,241],"tomography":[8,33,63,95,150,157,162],"technique":[9],"has":[10],"been":[11],"successfully":[12],"used":[13],"as":[14,132],"a":[15,91,128,191],"promising":[16],"tool":[17],"for":[18,243],"sensing":[19],"atmospheric":[20,83],"and":[23,74,121,175],"applied":[24],"to":[25,47,142,154,184],"weather":[26],"forecasting":[27],"in":[28,117,169,215],"recent":[29],"years.":[30],"In":[31],"most":[32],"models,":[34],"the":[35,40,49,59,67,71,78,100,118,125,133,144,156,166,187,198,202,218,224,230,235],"single":[36,60],"grid":[37],"resolution,":[38,43],"i.e.,":[39],"same":[41],"horizontal":[42],"is":[44,140],"widely":[45],"adopted":[46],"divide":[48],"three-dimensional":[50],"(3D)":[51],"tomographic":[52,113,209,219,239],"domain":[53,73],"into":[54],"many":[55],"small":[56],"voxels.":[57],"However,":[58],"resolution":[61,112],"GNSS":[62,94,167],"(SRGT)":[64],"method":[65,97,109,189],"implements":[66],"grid-based":[68],"parametrization":[69],"of":[70,82,104,124,208,237],"physical":[72],"does":[75],"not":[76],"follow":[77],"vertical":[79,101],"spatial":[80],"heterogeneity":[81],"vapor.":[85,106],"To":[86],"this":[87],"end,":[88],"we":[89],"develop":[90],"new":[92,129],"multi-resolution":[93,238],"(MRGT)":[96],"that":[98,181],"incorporates":[99],"decline":[102],"tendency":[103],"MRGT":[108],"generates":[110],"different":[111,161],"products":[116,242],"lower,":[119],"middle,":[120],"upper":[122],"domains":[123],"troposphere.":[126],"Besides,":[127],"indicator,":[130],"known":[131],"integrated":[134],"(IWV)":[137],"lapse":[138],"rate,":[139],"introduced":[141],"determine":[143],"appropriate":[145],"non-uniform":[146],"stratification":[147],"strategy.":[148],"Eight":[149],"schemes":[151],"were":[152],"analyzed":[153],"compare":[155],"results":[158,179,210],"obtained":[159],"from":[160,223],"models":[163],"based":[164],"on":[165],"data":[168],"Hong":[170],"Kong":[171],"region":[172],"during":[173],"June":[174],"July":[176],"2015.":[177],"show":[180],"with":[182,201,229],"respect":[183],"radiosonde":[185,231],"data,":[186],"MGRT":[188,225],"reconstructs":[190],"more":[192],"accurate":[193],"distribution":[196],"than":[197],"SRGT":[199],"approach,":[200],"average":[203],"root":[204],"mean":[205],"square":[206],"error":[207],"reduced":[211],"by":[212],"12%.":[213],"Moreover,":[214],"rainfall":[216],"conditions,":[217],"profiles":[222],"model":[226],"agree":[227],"well":[228],"profiles,":[232],"which":[233],"highlights":[234],"potential":[236],"rainfall-related":[244],"studies.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
