{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389169330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3337856","title":"A Few-Shot SAR Target Recognition Method by Unifying Local Classification With Feature Generation and Calibration","display_name":"A Few-Shot SAR Target Recognition Method by Unifying Local Classification With Feature Generation and Calibration","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389169330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3337856"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3337856","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3337856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006532323","display_name":"Siyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5743-5318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5743-5318","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018469371","display_name":"Yinghua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7993-2809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinghua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7993-2809","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100411968","display_name":"Hongwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4046-163X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4046-163X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035629666","display_name":"Yuanshuang Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9735-0415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanshuang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9735-0415","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026884594","display_name":"Chen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-8208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-8208","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.4666,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97360393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9570000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11861","display_name":"Thermal Regulation in Medicine","score":0.9527000188827515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6999047994613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6595287322998047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6577020287513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6146056652069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6103702187538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.5608301162719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.522588849067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.5039853453636169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.4864501655101776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.4539494514465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.4388962984085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3574700653553009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.13422447443008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12530997395515442}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6999047994613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6595287322998047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6577020287513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6146056652069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6103702187538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5608301162719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.522588849067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.5039853453636169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.4864501655101776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4539494514465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4388962984085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3574700653553009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.13422447443008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12530997395515442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3337856","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3337856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3476442746","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671354","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W2019449282","https://openalex.org/W2109255472","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2292481059","https://openalex.org/W2410591237","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2614504311","https://openalex.org/W2615263668","https://openalex.org/W2730249686","https://openalex.org/W2742093937","https://openalex.org/W2804451427","https://openalex.org/W2806263990","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2914311543","https://openalex.org/W2924476266","https://openalex.org/W2944029760","https://openalex.org/W2963283377","https://openalex.org/W2963845150","https://openalex.org/W2963960318","https://openalex.org/W2964105864","https://openalex.org/W2964428736","https://openalex.org/W2981798583","https://openalex.org/W2984146633","https://openalex.org/W2986503696","https://openalex.org/W2988368429","https://openalex.org/W2990641522","https://openalex.org/W2991559096","https://openalex.org/W2997820257","https://openalex.org/W2998624838","https://openalex.org/W3014044730","https://openalex.org/W3015856495","https://openalex.org/W3027585699","https://openalex.org/W3035370595","https://openalex.org/W3092987574","https://openalex.org/W3094709941","https://openalex.org/W3094957710","https://openalex.org/W3109762487","https://openalex.org/W3120387732","https://openalex.org/W3121583704","https://openalex.org/W3131740536","https://openalex.org/W3132828246","https://openalex.org/W3135205122","https://openalex.org/W3145211975","https://openalex.org/W3150078409","https://openalex.org/W3177410963","https://openalex.org/W3181682259","https://openalex.org/W3194531425","https://openalex.org/W3198106997","https://openalex.org/W3198340997","https://openalex.org/W3203133880","https://openalex.org/W3205196764","https://openalex.org/W3205249428","https://openalex.org/W3207009651","https://openalex.org/W3207907352","https://openalex.org/W3208926440","https://openalex.org/W3209551844","https://openalex.org/W3213042253","https://openalex.org/W4214842573","https://openalex.org/W4223994295","https://openalex.org/W4224325099","https://openalex.org/W4226113955","https://openalex.org/W4285129541","https://openalex.org/W4296101272","https://openalex.org/W4304098587","https://openalex.org/W4312241433","https://openalex.org/W4312500832","https://openalex.org/W4313167301","https://openalex.org/W4318054412","https://openalex.org/W4319990077","https://openalex.org/W4367359381","https://openalex.org/W4379983660","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6638545294","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6678815747","https://openalex.org/W6682889407","https://openalex.org/W6717697761","https://openalex.org/W6735236233","https://openalex.org/W6736057607","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6742288159","https://openalex.org/W6748582592","https://openalex.org/W6752378368","https://openalex.org/W6800539454"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006474185","https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2052835778","https://openalex.org/W2049003611","https://openalex.org/W2127804977","https://openalex.org/W2108418243","https://openalex.org/W164103134","https://openalex.org/W2787352659","https://openalex.org/W2068843146","https://openalex.org/W2462749609"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"metric-based":[1],"meta-learning":[2,91],"has":[3],"been":[4],"widely":[5],"adopted":[6],"to":[7,22,35,74,100,118,130,160,177,212],"solve":[8],"few-shot":[9,242,260],"synthetic":[10],"aperture":[11],"radar":[12],"(SAR)":[13],"target":[14,57,251],"classification,":[15],"where":[16],"the":[17,24,30,36,43,48,60,79,102,109,124,133,168,179,186,193,199,207,215,219,247,263],"global":[18,44],"features":[19,45,53,122,136,163,182,191],"are":[20,228],"employed":[21],"measure":[23],"similarity":[25,39],"of":[26,40,127,143,171,192,265],"each":[27,165],"sample":[28],"and":[29,92,112,150,188,206,221,226,241,249,253],"class":[31,166],"prototypes.":[32],"However,":[33],"due":[34],"high":[37],"inter-class":[38],"SAR":[41,56,66,120],"images,":[42],"may":[46],"suppress":[47],"detailed":[49],"information":[50],"in":[51,234,238],"local":[52,86,96,105],"beneficial":[54],"for":[55,132,164,230],"classification.":[58,243],"Besides,":[59],"prototypes":[61],"obtained":[62],"from":[63],"a":[64,85,94,144],"few":[65],"support":[67,121,135,162,181,190,223],"samples":[68],"at":[69,123],"sparse":[70],"azimuth":[71,128,172],"angles":[72,129],"tend":[73],"be":[75],"biased.":[76],"To":[77],"tackle":[78],"above":[80],"problems,":[81],"we":[82,197],"first":[83],"integrate":[84],"feature":[87,110,145,153,239],"classification":[88,97],"module":[89,155],"into":[90],"propose":[93],"multi-scale":[95],"network":[98,114,148],"(MLC-Net)":[99],"enhance":[101],"target\u2019s":[103],"critical":[104],"detail":[106],"features.":[107,224],"Then,":[108],"generation":[111,240],"calibration":[113,154],"(FGC-Net)":[115],"is":[116,158,175],"proposed":[117,176,267],"generate":[119,161],"full":[125,169],"range":[126,170],"compensate":[131],"real":[134,189,222],"extracted":[137],"by":[138,183],"MLC-Net.":[139],"Specifically,":[140],"FGC-Net":[141,225],"consists":[142],"generative":[146],"adversarial":[147],"(FGAN)":[149],"an":[151],"adaptive":[152],"(AFCM).":[156],"FGAN":[157],"designed":[159],"under":[167,258],"angles.":[173],"AFCM":[174],"calibrate":[178],"generated":[180,187,220],"adaptively":[184],"re-weighting":[185],"same":[194],"class.":[195],"Finally,":[196],"devise":[198],"prototype":[200],"mean":[201],"square":[202],"error":[203],"(PMSE)":[204],"loss":[205,211],"central":[208],"constraint":[209],"(CC)":[210],"further":[213],"narrow":[214],"distribution":[216],"margin":[217],"between":[218],"MLC-Net":[227],"unified":[229],"end-to-end":[231],"training,":[232],"resulting":[233],"consistent":[235],"performance":[236],"gains":[237],"Extensive":[244],"experiments":[245],"on":[246],"moving":[248],"stationary":[250],"acquisition":[252],"recognition":[254],"(MSTAR)":[255],"benchmark":[256],"dataset":[257],"different":[259],"settings":[261],"demonstrate":[262],"effectiveness":[264],"our":[266],"method.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
