{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387146089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3320288","title":"Triple Change Detection Network via Joint Multifrequency and Full-Scale Swin-Transformer for Remote Sensing Images","display_name":"Triple Change Detection Network via Joint Multifrequency and Full-Scale Swin-Transformer for Remote Sensing Images","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387146089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3320288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3320288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3320288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055846280","display_name":"Dinghua Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-5249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51622183","display_name":"Shaanxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/034t3zs45","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51622183"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dinghua Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronical and Control Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronical and Control Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51622183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036558091","display_name":"Tao Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-9298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51622183","display_name":"Shaanxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/034t3zs45","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51622183"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51622183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065854845","display_name":"Shuangming Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8044-0860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuangming Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047997045","display_name":"Zhiyong Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an University of Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an University of Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038753313","display_name":"Tongfei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-4724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51622183","display_name":"Shaanxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/034t3zs45","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51622183"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tongfei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51622183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032314861","display_name":"Yaochu Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1100-0631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaochu Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010643037","display_name":"Asoke K. Nandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6248-2875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asoke K. Nandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, U.K","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, U.K","School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055846280"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51622183"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2719,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94846328,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8142490386962891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7424534559249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5756369233131409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.5724912285804749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5639818906784058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5601965188980103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5486555695533752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4844489097595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.48201504349708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/change-detection","display_name":"Change detection","score":0.48005399107933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.41256457567214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.12443205714225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0941234827041626}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8142490386962891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7424534559249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5756369233131409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.5724912285804749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5639818906784058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5601965188980103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5486555695533752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4844489097595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.48201504349708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.48005399107933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.41256457567214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.12443205714225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0941234827041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3320288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3320288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pub.uni-bielefeld.de:2983244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3320288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401670","display_name":"PUB \u2013 Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","host_organization_name":"Bielefeld University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G594039107","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201334","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7996973796","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271296","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G886544369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JC-47","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994634851","https://openalex.org/W2221448138","https://openalex.org/W2625219738","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2888778068","https://openalex.org/W2891248708","https://openalex.org/W2898200895","https://openalex.org/W2907111842","https://openalex.org/W2908320224","https://openalex.org/W2908624219","https://openalex.org/W2910587630","https://openalex.org/W2951991161","https://openalex.org/W2969081030","https://openalex.org/W2984954051","https://openalex.org/W2997043451","https://openalex.org/W3004423752","https://openalex.org/W3014080415","https://openalex.org/W3015038817","https://openalex.org/W3027225766","https://openalex.org/W3036453075","https://openalex.org/W3096609285","https://openalex.org/W3115934669","https://openalex.org/W3118142692","https://openalex.org/W3127751679","https://openalex.org/W3130754787","https://openalex.org/W3133726918","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3180045188","https://openalex.org/W3183729446","https://openalex.org/W3210500011","https://openalex.org/W3217456364","https://openalex.org/W4200000656","https://openalex.org/W4205365435","https://openalex.org/W4206356281","https://openalex.org/W4206591456","https://openalex.org/W4210794570","https://openalex.org/W4210850244","https://openalex.org/W4213253308","https://openalex.org/W4226013274","https://openalex.org/W4226253382","https://openalex.org/W4226291728","https://openalex.org/W4226305459","https://openalex.org/W4226456028","https://openalex.org/W4285173877","https://openalex.org/W4285234694","https://openalex.org/W4285395742","https://openalex.org/W4292825893","https://openalex.org/W4294811189","https://openalex.org/W4312350143","https://openalex.org/W4312373555","https://openalex.org/W4312549298","https://openalex.org/W4313438466","https://openalex.org/W4313855806","https://openalex.org/W4319996564","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6753412334","https://openalex.org/W6778485988","https://openalex.org/W6790275670","https://openalex.org/W6811322955"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953234277","https://openalex.org/W2626256601","https://openalex.org/W2900413183","https://openalex.org/W2080106448","https://openalex.org/W3208297503","https://openalex.org/W3119773509","https://openalex.org/W2889153461","https://openalex.org/W2964117661","https://openalex.org/W4388405611","https://openalex.org/W2619127353"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"deep":[1],"learning-based":[2],"change":[3,92],"detection":[4,93],"(CD)":[5],"methods":[6,39,51],"achieve":[7,223],"great":[8],"success":[9],"in":[10,29],"remote":[11],"sensing":[12],"images,":[13],"they":[14],"still":[15],"suffer":[16],"from":[17],"two":[18,106],"main":[19,107],"challenges.":[20],"First,":[21,109],"popular":[22],"Convolutional":[23],"Neural":[24],"Networks":[25],"(CNNs)":[26],"are":[27],"weak":[28],"extracting":[30],"discriminated":[31],"features":[32,175],"focusing":[33],"on":[34,230],"changed":[35,78,168,211,226],"regions,":[36],"since":[37],"most":[38],"ignore":[40],"the":[41,53,74,85,120,124,131,159,163,182,199,206,216,237],"multi-frequency":[42,98,113,148,177],"components":[43],"of":[44,77,122,133,166,176,185,209,219],"bi-temporal":[45],"images.":[46],"Second,":[47,187],"although":[48],"existing":[49],"CD":[50,233,242],"employ":[52],"Transformer":[54],"structure":[55],"to":[56,69,118,157,202],"capture":[57],"long-range":[58,75,207],"dependency":[59,76,208],"for":[60,67,130],"global":[61,141],"feature":[62,135,150],"representation,":[63],"it":[64],"is":[65,155,253],"difficult":[66],"them":[68],"simultaneously":[70],"take":[71],"into":[72],"account":[73],"objects":[79,221],"at":[80,256],"various":[81],"scales.":[82],"To":[83],"address":[84],"above":[86],"issues,":[87],"we":[88,110,191],"propose":[89,111,192],"a":[90,112,146,193],"triple":[91],"network":[94],"(TCD-Net)":[95],"via":[96],"joint":[97,147],"and":[99,162,179,204,222],"full-scale":[100,194],"Swin-Transformer.":[101],"The":[102,251],"proposed":[103,156,238],"TCD-Net":[104,239],"has":[105],"advantages.":[108],"channel":[114,125,174],"attention":[115],"(MFCA)":[116],"module":[117,197],"boost":[119],"ability":[121,184],"modeling":[123],"correlation,":[126],"which":[127,170,213],"can":[128,171,214],"compensate":[129],"problem":[132],"insufficient":[134],"representation":[136],"caused":[137],"by":[138],"only":[139],"performing":[140],"average":[142],"pooling":[143],"(GAP).":[144],"Furthermore,":[145],"difference":[149],"enhancement":[151],"(JM-DFE)":[152],"guiding":[153],"block":[154],"improve":[158,181],"boundary":[160],"quality":[161],"position":[164],"awareness":[165],"truly":[167],"objects,":[169,212],"effectively":[172],"extract":[173],"information":[178],"thus":[180],"discriminative":[183],"features.":[186],"unlike":[188],"Siamese-based":[189],"structures,":[190],"Swin-Transformer":[195],"(FST)":[196],"as":[198],"third":[200],"branch":[201],"model":[203,246],"aggregate":[205],"multi-scale":[210],"alleviate":[215],"missed":[217],"detections":[218],"small":[220],"more":[224],"compact":[225],"regions":[227],"effectively.":[228],"Experiments":[229],"three":[231],"public":[232],"datasets":[234],"exhibit":[235],"that":[236],"achieves":[240],"better":[241],"accuracy":[243],"with":[244],"smaller":[245],"complexity":[247],"than":[248],"state-of-the-art":[249],"methods.":[250],"code":[252],"publicly":[254],"available":[255],"https://github.com/RSCD-mz/TCD-Net.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
