{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385626889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3303078","title":"A New Hierarchical Multiplication and Spectral Mixing Method for Quantification of Forest Coverage Changes Using Gaofen (GF)-1 Imagery in Zhejiang Province, China","display_name":"A New Hierarchical Multiplication and Spectral Mixing Method for Quantification of Forest Coverage Changes Using Gaofen (GF)-1 Imagery in Zhejiang Province, China","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385626889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3303078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3303078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3303078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101996018","display_name":"Haijian Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9965-4714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163151501","display_name":"Hangzhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/014v1mr15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haijian Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhang, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhang, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040406004","display_name":"Zhifeng Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0970-5514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163151501","display_name":"Hangzhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/014v1mr15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhifeng Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhang, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhang, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043712793","display_name":"C. K. Shum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9378-4067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. K. Shum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Geodetic Science, School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Geodetic Science, School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012009055","display_name":"Qixia Man","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28006308","display_name":"Shandong Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wy3h363","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qixia Man","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100341636","display_name":"Ben Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5341-1642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163151501","display_name":"Hangzhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/014v1mr15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhang, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhang, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101996018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7661,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73632129,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.7553762793540955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6022672057151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panchromatic-film","display_name":"Panchromatic film","score":0.5628932118415833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5199912190437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.48276248574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplication","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","score":0.4696965217590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.41902515292167664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3440021276473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2912099361419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2612256705760956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11127522587776184}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.7553762793540955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6022672057151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107445234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q280995","display_name":"Panchromatic film","level":3,"score":0.5628932118415833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5199912190437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.48276248574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.4696965217590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.41902515292167664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3440021276473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2912099361419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2612256705760956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11127522587776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3303078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3303078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3973310604","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72038621CA00002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306115","funder_display_name":"United States Agency for International Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4936910205","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LY19D010005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8171638758","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2020QD019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8782120963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42101337","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306115","display_name":"United States Agency for International Development","ror":"https://ror.org/01n6e6j62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1618383215","https://openalex.org/W1851903005","https://openalex.org/W1972293418","https://openalex.org/W1974182496","https://openalex.org/W1999635212","https://openalex.org/W2010237383","https://openalex.org/W2056036936","https://openalex.org/W2059976262","https://openalex.org/W2066149844","https://openalex.org/W2077725772","https://openalex.org/W2098149888","https://openalex.org/W2131584946","https://openalex.org/W2134099776","https://openalex.org/W2137341666","https://openalex.org/W2143340118","https://openalex.org/W2216718368","https://openalex.org/W2297160860","https://openalex.org/W2553040330","https://openalex.org/W2587289452","https://openalex.org/W2768921697","https://openalex.org/W2772788231","https://openalex.org/W2774172438","https://openalex.org/W2782865993","https://openalex.org/W2790769415","https://openalex.org/W2803433330","https://openalex.org/W2885337213","https://openalex.org/W2913356454","https://openalex.org/W2914484644","https://openalex.org/W2937587358","https://openalex.org/W2939023731","https://openalex.org/W2986519566","https://openalex.org/W2989291945","https://openalex.org/W2995201670","https://openalex.org/W2999507056","https://openalex.org/W3037808234","https://openalex.org/W3097243506","https://openalex.org/W3122041470","https://openalex.org/W3139939049","https://openalex.org/W3158129911","https://openalex.org/W4224253670","https://openalex.org/W4226192104","https://openalex.org/W4226411967","https://openalex.org/W6729697275","https://openalex.org/W6733550731","https://openalex.org/W6746192769"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1930929277","https://openalex.org/W2158394102","https://openalex.org/W2361746014","https://openalex.org/W1502637513","https://openalex.org/W2124952510","https://openalex.org/W2375311607","https://openalex.org/W2022261651","https://openalex.org/W2143372509","https://openalex.org/W2565514930","https://openalex.org/W3007156798"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,213,225],"forest":[1,21,65,95,158,214,239],"survey":[2],"is":[3,14,28,62,216],"a":[4,48,133,168],"prerequisite":[5],"or":[6],"critical":[7],"for":[8,64,99],"ecological":[9],"conservation.":[10],"Spectral":[11],"mixture":[12],"analysis":[13],"an":[15],"effective":[16],"method":[17,57,76,93,111],"to":[18,31,38,83,162,190,247],"extract":[19,238],"the":[20,39,42,55,72,74,78,81,85,91,100,109,120,141,150,209,228],"coverage":[22,66,159,215],"and":[23,58,90,182,184,202,204,223,233,242],"its":[24],"changes,":[25],"however":[26],"it":[27],"mostly":[29,197],"applied":[30],"hyperspectral":[32],"image":[33],"data":[34,148,235],"processing":[35],"due":[36],"primarily":[37,178],"limit":[40],"of":[41,44,80,117,127,171,231],"number":[43],"spectral":[45],"bands.":[46],"Therefore,":[47],"hierarchical":[49,56,75],"multiplication":[50,60,92],"(HM)":[51],"model":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54],"stepwise":[59],"algorithm":[61],"proposed":[63],"extraction":[67],"using":[68,119,149,251],"multispectral":[69,146,234],"images.":[70],"Within":[71],"process,":[73],"reduces":[77],"complexity":[79],"problem":[82],"satisfy":[84],"SMA":[86],"at":[87],"each":[88],"level,":[89],"transfers":[94],"abundances":[96],"among":[97],"levels":[98],"soft":[101],"classification.":[102],"Compared":[103],"with":[104,137,167],"Zhejiang":[105],"Forest":[106],"Bureau":[107],"Reports,":[108],"HM":[110,232],"in":[112,165,180,199],"this":[113],"study":[114],"extracted":[115],"98.43%":[116],"forests":[118,176,195],"16-m":[121],"resolution":[122,143],"Gaofen-1":[123],"(GF-1)":[124],"wide":[125],"field":[126],"view":[128],"(WFV)":[129],"data,":[130],"which":[131],"has":[132],"95%":[134],"correlation":[135],"coefficient":[136],"results":[138,245],"obtained":[139],"by":[140,219],"2-m":[142],"panchromatic":[144],"/":[145],"(PMS)":[147],"support":[151],"vector":[152],"machine":[153],"(SVM)":[154],"method.":[155],"Zhejiang\u2019s":[156],"overall":[157],"was":[160],"found":[161],"exceed":[163],"60%":[164],"2019,":[166,191],"standard":[169],"deviation":[170],"0.419":[172],"pixels.":[173],"Densely":[174],"covered":[175,194],"are":[177,196],"distributed":[179],"mountains":[181],"hills,":[183],"have":[185,206],"slightly":[186,205],"increased":[187],"from":[188],"2014":[189],"while":[192],"sparsely":[193],"located":[198],"plains,":[200],"basins,":[201],"valleys,":[203],"declined":[207],"during":[208],"past":[210],"five":[211],"years.":[212],"mainly":[217],"affected":[218],"topography,":[220],"population,":[221],"economy,":[222],"policies.":[224],"experiment":[226],"indicates":[227],"combined":[229],"use":[230],"can":[236],"accurately":[237],"cover":[240],"changes":[241],"achieve":[243],"similar":[244],"compared":[246],"more":[248],"sophisticated":[249],"classifications":[250],"higher":[252],"precision/spectral":[253],"band":[254],"(hyperspectral)":[255],"data.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
