{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382138517","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3289593","title":"On the Time-Domain Airborne SAR Focusing in the Presence of Strong Azimuth Variations of the Squint Angle","display_name":"On the Time-Domain Airborne SAR Focusing in the Presence of Strong Azimuth Variations of the Squint Angle","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382138517","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3289593"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3289593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3289593","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/4358825/10163849.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/4358825/10163849.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084983365","display_name":"P. Berardino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5450-6566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Berardino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101723733","display_name":"Antonio Natale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3567-959X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Natale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3567-959X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047127561","display_name":"Carmen Esposito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-8688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmen Esposito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-8688","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057168176","display_name":"Riccardo Lanari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-2749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riccardo Lanari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-2749","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031593976","display_name":"Stefano Perna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3951-5816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Perna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3951-5816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment of the National Research Council (IREA-CNR), Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.6512,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97875636,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.9174864292144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6389793753623962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6092862486839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.5382369160652161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5022842884063721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4115256071090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33164316415786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3089714050292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22064995765686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.18981319665908813}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.9174864292144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6389793753623962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6092862486839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.5382369160652161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5022842884063721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4115256071090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33164316415786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3089714050292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22064995765686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.18981319665908813}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3289593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3289593","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/4358825/10163849.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.uniparthenope.it:11367/124676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11367/124676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196432","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (Parthenope University of Naples)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183638586","host_organization_name":"Parthenope University of Naples","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183638586"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3289593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3289593","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/4358825/10163849.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309398","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313804","display_name":"Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri","ror":"https://ror.org/050xp5d36"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382138517.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382138517.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W599284720","https://openalex.org/W1566144858","https://openalex.org/W1969606290","https://openalex.org/W1970767798","https://openalex.org/W1984670836","https://openalex.org/W2025969570","https://openalex.org/W2040528858","https://openalex.org/W2079299474","https://openalex.org/W2086736652","https://openalex.org/W2088248983","https://openalex.org/W2092570080","https://openalex.org/W2108265162","https://openalex.org/W2116008021","https://openalex.org/W2123498610","https://openalex.org/W2124296687","https://openalex.org/W2135929974","https://openalex.org/W2138863700","https://openalex.org/W2142550517","https://openalex.org/W2143700746","https://openalex.org/W2147517352","https://openalex.org/W2148081259","https://openalex.org/W2154867775","https://openalex.org/W2157577948","https://openalex.org/W2159094101","https://openalex.org/W2159764512","https://openalex.org/W2171490008","https://openalex.org/W2227041087","https://openalex.org/W2248184805","https://openalex.org/W2800307355","https://openalex.org/W2891179410","https://openalex.org/W2966880748","https://openalex.org/W2988897972","https://openalex.org/W2990159544","https://openalex.org/W3005151020","https://openalex.org/W3009625620","https://openalex.org/W3016582956","https://openalex.org/W4256454676","https://openalex.org/W4301435544"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006474185","https://openalex.org/W2483195039","https://openalex.org/W2281797687","https://openalex.org/W2358411735","https://openalex.org/W2048211457","https://openalex.org/W4250650723","https://openalex.org/W2611761074","https://openalex.org/W2068843146","https://openalex.org/W2462749609","https://openalex.org/W4252699458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Airborne":[0],"synthetic":[1],"aperture":[2],"radar":[3],"(SAR)":[4],"data":[5,63],"focusing":[6,25,99,130,152,190,195],"in":[7,16,104,158],"presence":[8],"of":[9,36,55,77,88,161,224,231],"highly":[10],"variable":[11],"squint":[12,39,59,92,137,173,206,222],"angles":[13],"is":[14,140,175,198,247,256],"addressed":[15],"this":[17,212,245],"work.":[18],"To":[19],"do":[20],"this,":[21],"a":[22,48,134,188,203],"time-domain":[23,129],"SAR":[24,49,70],"algorithm":[26],"has":[27],"been":[28,73],"developed":[29,128],"to":[30,185,219,229,249,258],"account":[31],"for":[32,177,209],"the":[33,37,53,78,86,120,127,143,150,159,170,178,220,225,232,261],"target-dependent":[34,135,204],"nature":[35],"acquisition":[38,144,172,221,227],"angle.":[40,60],"For":[41],"comparison":[42],"purposes,":[43],"we":[44,83,147,166,183],"have":[45,72,184],"considered":[46],"also":[47],"processor":[50],"based":[51,200],"on":[52,201],"use":[54],"an":[56,89,193],"azimuth-invariant":[57,90],"processing":[58,91,136,205,213],"Moreover,":[61],"real":[62],"acquired":[64],"by":[65,96,112,116],"two":[66,179],"different":[67,176,189],"X-band":[68],"airborne":[69,106],"systems":[71],"analyzed.":[74],"The":[75],"aims":[76],"work":[79],"are":[80,109,124],"twofold.":[81],"First,":[82],"show":[84,148,167],"that":[85,139,149,168,230,244],"adoption":[87],"angle,":[93,207],"typically":[94,110],"pursued":[95],"computationally":[97],"efficient":[98],"strategies,":[100],"may":[101],"become":[102],"inappropriate":[103],"several":[105],"missions,":[107],"which":[108,132],"corrupted":[111],"motion":[113],"errors":[114],"induced":[115],"atmospheric":[117],"turbulence.":[118],"On":[119],"contrary,":[121],"these":[122],"problems":[123],"circumvented":[125],"through":[126],"strategy,":[131],"exploits":[133],"angle":[138,174,214,223],"coincident":[141],"with":[142],"one.":[145],"Second,":[146],"proposed":[151],"strategy":[153],"must":[154,236],"be":[155,216],"properly":[156],"revised":[157],"case":[160],"interferometric":[162,180,194,252,262],"processing.":[163],"In":[164],"particular,":[165],"if":[169],"(target-dependent)":[171],"channels":[181],"used,":[182],"move":[186],"toward":[187],"paradigm,":[191],"say,":[192],"solution.":[196],"This":[197],"again":[199],"considering":[202],"but":[208],"each":[210],"target,":[211],"should":[215],"equal":[217],"neither":[218],"\u201cmaster\u201d":[226],"nor":[228],"\u201cslave\u201d":[233],"one:":[234],"it":[235,255],"instead":[237],"lie":[238],"halfway":[239],"between":[240],"them.":[241],"We":[242],"prove":[243],"approach":[246],"appropriate":[248],"obtain":[250],"high":[251],"coherence,":[253],"and":[254],"sub-optimal":[257],"separately":[259],"focus":[260],"channels.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
