{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4361802383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3262840","title":"EMSCNet: Efficient Multisample Contrastive Network for Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification","display_name":"EMSCNet: Efficient Multisample Contrastive Network for Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4361802383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3262840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3262840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3262840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031436739","display_name":"Yibo Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2688-2684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yibo Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018617993","display_name":"Jianjun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-9094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-9094","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007738986","display_name":"Jinlong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9548-4236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinlong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9548-4236","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pattern Recognition and Computational Intelligence, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031361250","display_name":"Zebin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7162-0202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zebin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7162-0202","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1826,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96956203,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.8462347984313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7871887683868408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7695079445838928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6846364140510559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.599351167678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5909096598625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5134814381599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.5031601786613464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4360150396823883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.4289571940898895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.42305922508239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3347170948982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.17682218551635742}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.8462347984313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7871887683868408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7695079445838928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6846364140510559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.599351167678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5909096598625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5134814381599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.5031601786613464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4360150396823883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4289571940898895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.42305922508239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3347170948982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.17682218551635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3262840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3262840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2923923988","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3613945951","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021M691275","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4536002861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20201338","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1912954554","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W1984309565","https://openalex.org/W1994616650","https://openalex.org/W2005368619","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2096733369","https://openalex.org/W2106053110","https://openalex.org/W2138621090","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2153425333","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2347115704","https://openalex.org/W2412588858","https://openalex.org/W2515866431","https://openalex.org/W2592962403","https://openalex.org/W2621526417","https://openalex.org/W2762381996","https://openalex.org/W2767581044","https://openalex.org/W2783165089","https://openalex.org/W2798991696","https://openalex.org/W2842511635","https://openalex.org/W2884276099","https://openalex.org/W2914885528","https://openalex.org/W2962217138","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963026686","https://openalex.org/W2969689033","https://openalex.org/W2986888765","https://openalex.org/W2991642706","https://openalex.org/W3008222694","https://openalex.org/W3015063979","https://openalex.org/W3017622525","https://openalex.org/W3022140654","https://openalex.org/W3025346498","https://openalex.org/W3034303554","https://openalex.org/W3035524453","https://openalex.org/W3099831940","https://openalex.org/W3100892511","https://openalex.org/W3101627915","https://openalex.org/W3105577662","https://openalex.org/W3128592650","https://openalex.org/W3172075653","https://openalex.org/W3183804933","https://openalex.org/W3188824417","https://openalex.org/W3196729209","https://openalex.org/W3196798006","https://openalex.org/W3204169305","https://openalex.org/W3208146808","https://openalex.org/W3213288046","https://openalex.org/W4210880854","https://openalex.org/W4213253308","https://openalex.org/W4214910799","https://openalex.org/W4226285265","https://openalex.org/W4226291728","https://openalex.org/W4282541594","https://openalex.org/W4285168619","https://openalex.org/W4285280749","https://openalex.org/W4288391342","https://openalex.org/W4297808394","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6675751002","https://openalex.org/W6679792166","https://openalex.org/W6799321896"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965546495","https://openalex.org/W4389116644","https://openalex.org/W2153315159","https://openalex.org/W3103844505","https://openalex.org/W1487808658","https://openalex.org/W2761785940","https://openalex.org/W2129933262","https://openalex.org/W2005234362","https://openalex.org/W1997235926","https://openalex.org/W2565656575"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Significant":[0],"progress":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"achieved":[4],"in":[5],"remote":[6],"sensing":[7],"image":[8],"scene":[9,75],"classification":[10],"(RSISC)":[11],"with":[12,113],"the":[13,42,50,60,68,86,123,127,142,145,151,166,184,187],"development":[14],"of":[15,45,144,169,186],"convolutional":[16],"neural":[17],"networks":[18],"(CNNs)":[19],"and":[20,28,78,89,119,129,173],"vision":[21],"transformers":[22],"(ViT).":[23],"However,":[24],"high":[25],"intra-class":[26],"diversity":[27],"inter-class":[29],"similarity":[30,77,128],"are":[31,134],"still":[32],"enormous":[33],"challenges":[34],"for":[35],"RSISC.":[36],"Metric":[37],"learning":[38,56],"can":[39,161],"effectively":[40],"improve":[41],"discriminative":[43,79,130],"ability":[44],"deep":[46],"representations":[47],"by":[48,136],"constraining":[49],"distance":[51],"between":[52,71,132],"features.":[53],"Previous":[54],"metric":[55,65],"methods":[57],"only":[58],"optimize":[59],"feature":[61],"space":[62],"representation":[63],"through":[64,154],"function,":[66],"ignoring":[67],"information":[69],"interaction":[70],"samples.":[72,106],"For":[73],"complex":[74],"images,":[76],"knowledge":[80,103,131,143,155],"need":[81],"to":[82,101,116,150],"be":[83,162],"summarized":[84,135],"from":[85,104,122],"multiple":[87,105],"positive":[88,118],"negative":[90,120],"pairs.":[91],"We":[92],"propose":[93],"a":[94,110,138],"novel":[95],"efficient":[96],"multi-sample":[97],"contrastive":[98,139,146,159],"network":[99],"(EMSCNet)":[100],"integrate":[102],"Specifically,":[107],"we":[108],"construct":[109],"dynamic":[111],"dictionary":[112],"momentum":[114],"updates":[115],"mine":[117],"pairs":[121],"entire":[124],"dataset.":[125],"Then,":[126],"samples":[133],"introducing":[137],"module.":[140],"Finally,":[141],"module":[147,160],"is":[148],"transferred":[149],"backbone":[152],"classifier":[153],"distillation.":[156],"The":[157],"proposed":[158,188],"easily":[163],"embedded":[164],"into":[165],"training":[167],"process":[168],"CNNs":[170],"or":[171],"ViT":[172],"removed":[174],"during":[175],"inference.":[176],"Experimental":[177],"results":[178],"conducted":[179],"on":[180],"three":[181],"datasets":[182],"demonstrate":[183],"effectiveness":[185],"approach.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
