{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323767079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3254545","title":"Rigorous Density Correction Model for Single-Scan TLS Point Clouds","display_name":"Rigorous Density Correction Model for Single-Scan TLS Point Clouds","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323767079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3254545"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3254545","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3254545","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320517","display_name":"Shuai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-0506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044922023","display_name":"Kai Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-0008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037665650","display_name":"Pengjie Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-9446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengjie Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036924754","display_name":"Jianru Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianru Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100381057","display_name":"Weiguo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-5950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiguo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100327178","display_name":"Yanjun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3317-6518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121296143","display_name":"Hunan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02m9vrb24","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121296143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121296143"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100320517"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.605,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6238839,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.8117954134941101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.6678533554077148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5662049651145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49962615966796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45671147108078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.43450793623924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.43012258410453796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.42508959770202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.39846062660217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.39539656043052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.279954195022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.21333715319633484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.16046518087387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14921095967292786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13690891861915588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.8117954134941101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.6678533554077148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5662049651145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49962615966796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45671147108078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.43450793623924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.43012258410453796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.42508959770202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.39846062660217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.39539656043052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.279954195022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.21333715319633484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.16046518087387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14921095967292786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13690891861915588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3254545","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3254545","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1165350492","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CSTB2022NSCQMSX1254","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322370","funder_display_name":"East China Normal University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1179898899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41901399","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G175430809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021ST2110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322370","funder_display_name":"East China Normal University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3399413954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42171425","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6235488541","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22ZR1420900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322370","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978823644","https://openalex.org/W1986104804","https://openalex.org/W1993457928","https://openalex.org/W2076280802","https://openalex.org/W2086461898","https://openalex.org/W2137918794","https://openalex.org/W2235511399","https://openalex.org/W2302538754","https://openalex.org/W2607056896","https://openalex.org/W2616343321","https://openalex.org/W2767814567","https://openalex.org/W2783692998","https://openalex.org/W2794248050","https://openalex.org/W2804653372","https://openalex.org/W2899541606","https://openalex.org/W2899635018","https://openalex.org/W2913475014","https://openalex.org/W2915801748","https://openalex.org/W3015072278","https://openalex.org/W3095496092","https://openalex.org/W3111530887","https://openalex.org/W3119452456","https://openalex.org/W3180685165","https://openalex.org/W3196446346","https://openalex.org/W3197367581","https://openalex.org/W3206505436","https://openalex.org/W3207024742","https://openalex.org/W3210214856","https://openalex.org/W4200479035","https://openalex.org/W4205790022","https://openalex.org/W4226534111","https://openalex.org/W6602253561"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293094720","https://openalex.org/W2739701376","https://openalex.org/W2088131065","https://openalex.org/W2005998065","https://openalex.org/W2001220299","https://openalex.org/W4323518558","https://openalex.org/W2286704396","https://openalex.org/W3196715007","https://openalex.org/W2366440988","https://openalex.org/W2358582870"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Terrestrial":[0],"laser":[1],"scanning":[2,197,210,214,238,255],"(TLS)":[3],"can":[4,44,204,247,325,343],"acquire":[5],"high-precision":[6],"and":[7,16,25,40,70,82,99,106,110,116,174,199,203,213,229,237,267,322,324],"high-resolution":[8],"3D":[9,59],"point":[10,31,49,164],"clouds":[11,165],"of":[12,36,54,65,130,161,180,224,262,272,292,294,318,335,361],"the":[13,17,28,37,52,66,127,159,168,181,195,244,250,265,286,290,295,308,319,340,351,354],"scanned":[14],"targets,":[15,212],"common":[18],"technical":[19],"challenge":[20],"is":[21,34,155,187,190,219,303,332],"how":[22],"to":[23,157],"accurately":[24,248],"efficiently":[26],"process":[27],"massive":[29],"unorganized":[30],"clouds.":[32],"Density":[33],"one":[35],"most":[38],"fundamental":[39],"significant":[41],"quantities":[42],"that":[43,188,243,331],"be":[45,136,205,344],"derived":[46],"for":[47,90,144,207],"each":[48,347],"by":[50,221,285,305],"counting":[51],"number":[53,360],"neighbors":[55],"in":[56,76,125,281,316,353,369],"a":[57,142,151,222,298,327,333,359],"given":[58],"space.":[60],"It":[61],"contains":[62],"key":[63],"information":[64],"target":[67,145,200,336],"geometric":[68,128,146,337],"features":[69],"thus":[71],"plays":[72],"an":[73,258],"important":[74],"role":[75],"TLS":[77,163,356,371],"data":[78,372],"processing":[79],"(e.g.,":[80,97,104,113],"classification":[81],"feature":[83],"extraction).":[84],"However,":[85],"density":[86,134,160,173,251,277,296,329],"usually":[87],"varies":[88],"remarkably":[89],"different":[91,131,208,235,254],"scenes":[92,232,284],"with":[93,233,257,358],"varied":[94],"scan":[95,102,348],"geometry":[96,112,202],"distance":[98],"incidence":[100],"angle),":[101],"resolution":[103],"horizontal":[105],"vertical":[107],"angular":[108],"resolutions),":[109],"object":[111],"slope,":[114],"size,":[115],"spatial":[117,201],"attitude),":[118],"thereby":[119],"greatly":[120],"hindering":[121],"its":[122],"full":[123],"capability":[124],"reflecting":[126],"discrepancies":[129],"targets.":[132],"The":[133,178,216,240,270,310],"must":[135],"corrected":[137,328],"before":[138,350],"reliably":[139],"used":[140,206],"as":[141],"proxy":[143,334],"features.":[147],"In":[148],"this":[149],"study,":[150],"generalized":[152],"rigorous":[153],"model":[154,183,218,246,288,312,342],"proposed":[156,182,217,245,287,311,341],"correct":[158],"single-scan":[162],"based":[166,193],"on":[167,194,276,307,346],"mathematically":[169],"deduced":[170],"relation":[171],"between":[172,264],"related":[175],"influencing":[176,274],"factors.":[177],"superiority":[179],"over":[184],"existing":[185],"models":[186],"it":[189],"rigorously":[191],"developed":[192],"instrumental":[196],"principles":[198],"instruments,":[209],"scenes,":[211],"parameters.":[215],"verified":[220],"series":[223],"indoor":[225],"quantitative":[226],"control":[227],"experiments":[228],"three":[230],"natural":[231,283],"totally":[234],"instruments":[236],"conditions.":[239],"results":[241],"show":[242],"simulate":[249],"variation":[252,293],"at":[253],"geometries":[256],"average":[259],"correlation":[260],"coefficient":[261,291],"0.9957":[263],"calculated":[266],"actual":[268,355],"densities.":[269],"effects":[271],"all":[273],"factors":[275],"are":[278],"significantly":[279],"removed":[280],"complex":[282],"where":[289],"from":[297],"homogeneous":[299],"surface":[300],"after":[301],"correction":[302],"reduced":[304],"72.31%,":[306],"average.":[309],"exhibits":[313],"good":[314],"performance":[315],"terms":[317],"feasibility,":[320],"effectiveness,":[321],"generality":[323],"derive":[326],"value":[330,368],"size.":[338],"Additionally,":[339],"conducted":[345],"individually":[349],"co-registration":[352],"campaign":[357],"single":[362],"scans,":[363],"which":[364],"has":[365],"tremendous":[366],"application":[367],"facilitating":[370],"interpretation.":[373]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
