{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321488138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3247578","title":"WSODet: A Weakly Supervised Oriented Detector for Aerial Object Detection","display_name":"WSODet: A Weakly Supervised Oriented Detector for Aerial Object Detection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321488138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3247578"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3247578","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3247578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008244304","display_name":"Zhiwen Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-660X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiwen Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aerospace Information Engineering (Image Processing Center), School of AstronauticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace Information Engineering (Image Processing Center), School of AstronauticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016853247","display_name":"Zhiguo Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8786-2540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguo Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aerospace Information Engineering (Image Processing Center), School of AstronauticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace Information Engineering (Image Processing Center), School of AstronauticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100767015","display_name":"Chen Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2230-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aerospace Information Engineering (Image Processing Center), School of AstronauticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace Information Engineering (Image Processing Center), School of AstronauticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100729435","display_name":"Haopeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1981-8307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haopeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aerospace Information Engineering (Image Processing Center), School of AstronauticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace Information Engineering (Image Processing Center), School of AstronauticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008244304"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2126,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95529083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7717457413673401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.7172372341156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6294372081756592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5576013326644897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-bounding-box","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","score":0.5296558737754822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orb","display_name":"Orb (optics)","score":0.49573931097984314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.4935859441757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4606388509273529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.45764631032943726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3313092589378357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3246948719024658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1772712767124176}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7717457413673401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.7172372341156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6294372081756592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5576013326644897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147037132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865426","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","level":3,"score":0.5296558737754822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108260229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47023","display_name":"Orb (optics)","level":3,"score":0.49573931097984314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4935859441757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4606388509273529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.45764631032943726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3313092589378357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3246948719024658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1772712767124176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3247578","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3247578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3221306437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4382578132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7746136","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1787224781","https://openalex.org/W2000358470","https://openalex.org/W2005368619","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2061629163","https://openalex.org/W2088049833","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2195388612","https://openalex.org/W2594177559","https://openalex.org/W2604260814","https://openalex.org/W2813911573","https://openalex.org/W2903165775","https://openalex.org/W2914438239","https://openalex.org/W2962749812","https://openalex.org/W2962766617","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963603913","https://openalex.org/W2963606198","https://openalex.org/W2964274719","https://openalex.org/W2964979676","https://openalex.org/W2967487473","https://openalex.org/W2986357608","https://openalex.org/W2989611864","https://openalex.org/W2991359031","https://openalex.org/W2991363140","https://openalex.org/W2991662170","https://openalex.org/W2992240579","https://openalex.org/W2997520586","https://openalex.org/W3012430016","https://openalex.org/W3017351200","https://openalex.org/W3019659794","https://openalex.org/W3026303927","https://openalex.org/W3034993937","https://openalex.org/W3035725370","https://openalex.org/W3097947628","https://openalex.org/W3109055651","https://openalex.org/W3136761610","https://openalex.org/W3170033848","https://openalex.org/W3173658130","https://openalex.org/W3174873843","https://openalex.org/W3177105943","https://openalex.org/W3198296433","https://openalex.org/W4226456028","https://openalex.org/W4293861706","https://openalex.org/W4312715802","https://openalex.org/W4312804579","https://openalex.org/W6637242042","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6734194636","https://openalex.org/W6736518430","https://openalex.org/W6737947904","https://openalex.org/W6739575509","https://openalex.org/W6767259515","https://openalex.org/W6788870397"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3192357901","https://openalex.org/W3036286480","https://openalex.org/W2387360586","https://openalex.org/W4287027631","https://openalex.org/W4237171675","https://openalex.org/W2952736415","https://openalex.org/W3209723314","https://openalex.org/W3205398323","https://openalex.org/W2883297582","https://openalex.org/W4390524233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"contrast":[1],"to":[2,83,101,109,131,136,167],"natural":[3],"objects,":[4,172],"aerial":[5,43,171],"targets":[6,44],"are":[7,129],"usually":[8],"non-axis":[9],"aligned":[10],"with":[11,183,194],"arbitrary":[12],"orientations.":[13],"However,":[14],"mainstream":[15,71],"weakly":[16],"supervised":[17],"object":[18],"detection":[19,146],"(WSOD)":[20],"methods":[21,198],"can":[22],"only":[23],"predict":[24,37,168],"horizontal":[25],"bounding":[26,39],"boxes":[27,40],"(HBBs)":[28],"from":[29],"existing":[30,196],"proposals":[31],"generated":[32],"by":[33],"offline":[34],"algorithms.":[35],"To":[36,65],"oriented":[38,95,112,120,132,170],"(OBBs)":[41],"for":[42,206],"while":[45],"testing":[46],"images":[47,128,151],"end-to-end":[48],"without":[49,140],"proposals,":[50],"WSODet":[51],"is":[52,81,99,202],"designed":[53,100],"leveraging":[54],"on":[55,69,75,144],"layerwise":[56],"relevance":[57],"propagation":[58],"(LRP)":[59],"and":[60,87,158,176],"point":[61],"set":[62],"representation":[63],"(RepPoints).":[64],"be":[66],"specific,":[67],"based":[68],"the":[70,85,116,125,145,162,186,189,195,207],"WSOD":[72,191,197],"framework,":[73],"LRP":[74],"multiple":[76],"instance":[77],"learning":[78],"branch":[79,134],"(MIL-LRP)":[80],"conducted":[82],"decrease":[84],"uncertainty":[86],"ambiguity":[88],"of":[89,118,164,188],"feature":[90],"map.":[91],"Then,":[92],"a":[93],"pseudo":[94],"label":[96],"generation":[97],"algorithm":[98],"obtain":[102,137],"OBB":[103,138],"pseudolabels,":[104],"which":[105],"serve":[106],"as":[107],"supervision":[108],"train":[110],"an":[111],"RepPoint":[113,133],"Net":[114],"under":[115],"guidance":[117],"improved":[119],"loss":[121],"function":[122],"(IOLF).":[123],"During":[124],"test,":[126],"input":[127],"sent":[130],"(ORB)":[135],"predictions":[139],"proposals.":[141],"Extensive":[142],"experiments":[143],"in":[147],"optical":[148],"remote":[149],"sensing":[150],"(DIOR),":[152],"Northwestern":[153],"Polytechnical":[154],"University":[155],"(NWPU)":[156],"VHR-10.v2,":[157],"HRSC2016":[159],"datasets":[160],"demonstrate":[161],"effectiveness":[163],"our":[165],"method":[166],"precise":[169],"achieving":[173],"22.2%,":[174],"46.5%,":[175],"43.3%":[177],"mAP,":[178],"respectively.":[179],"Moreover,":[180],"training":[181],"jointly":[182],"ORB":[184],"boosts":[185],"results":[187],"original":[190,208],"framework":[192],"compared":[193],"even":[199],"if":[200],"there":[201],"no":[203],"specific":[204],"design":[205],"structure.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}