{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4317761500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3237008","title":"Machine-Learned Cloud Classes From Satellite Data for Process-Oriented Climate Model Evaluation","display_name":"Machine-Learned Cloud Classes From Satellite Data for Process-Oriented Climate Model Evaluation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4317761500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3237008"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3237008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3237008","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/10006360/10025016.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/10006360/10025016.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058241748","display_name":"Arndt Kaps","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5368-5950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arndt Kaps","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f&#x00FC;r Physik der Atmosph&#x00E4;re, Deutsches Zentrum f&#x00FC;r Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5368-5950","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f&#x00FC;r Physik der Atmosph&#x00E4;re, Deutsches Zentrum f&#x00FC;r Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022343438","display_name":"Axel Lauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9270-1044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Axel Lauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f&#x00FC;r Physik der Atmosph&#x00E4;re, Deutsches Zentrum f&#x00FC;r Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9270-1044","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f&#x00FC;r Physik der Atmosph&#x00E4;re, Deutsches Zentrum f&#x00FC;r Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039052506","display_name":"Gustau Camps\u2010Valls","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-2138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16097986","display_name":"Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/043nxc105","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16097986"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustau Camps-Valls","raw_affiliation_strings":["Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-2138","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16097986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061588829","display_name":"Pierre Gentine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-8345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802152550","display_name":"Earth Island Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/005y2a635","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802152550"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Gentine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering and the Center for Learning the Earth with Artificial intelligence and Physics (LEAP), Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-8345","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering and the Center for Learning the Earth with Artificial intelligence and Physics (LEAP), Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802152550","https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000820727","display_name":"Luis G\u00f3mez\u2010Chova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3924-1269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16097986","display_name":"Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/043nxc105","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16097986"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Gomez-Chova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3924-1269","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16097986"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034118743","display_name":"Veronika Eyring","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-4885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veronika Eyring","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f&#x00FC;r Physik der Atmosph&#x00E4;re, Deutsches Zentrum f&#x00FC;r Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-4885","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f&#x00FC;r Physik der Atmosph&#x00E4;re, Deutsches Zentrum f&#x00FC;r Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":{"value":2014,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2172},"fwci":1.6954,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81571801,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6946179866790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6486122012138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5378538370132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.49495190382003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.48808085918426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.4330437183380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-model","display_name":"Atmospheric model","score":0.428608238697052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.28943783044815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.14692112803459167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13881948590278625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6946179866790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6486122012138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5378538370132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.49495190382003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.48808085918426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.4330437183380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.428608238697052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.28943783044815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.14692112803459167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13881948590278625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3237008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3237008","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/10006360/10025016.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:193838","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3237008>.","pdf_url":"https://elib.dlr.de/193838/1/Machine-Learned_Cloud_Classes_From_Satellite_Data_for_Process-Oriented_Climate_Model_Evaluation.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Zeitschriftenbeitrag"},{"id":"pmh:oai:roderic.uv.es:10550/98776","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10550/98776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400245","display_name":"Repository of Digital Objects for Teaching Research and Culture (University of Valencia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16097986","host_organization_name":"Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16097986"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Arndt Kaps Axel Lauer Gustau Camps-Valls Pierre Gentine Luis G\u00f3mez-Chova Veronika Eyring 2023 Machine-Learned Cloud Classes from Satellite Data for Process-Oriented Climate Model Evaluation IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 61 4100515 1 15","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2023.3237008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3237008","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/36/10006360/10025016.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2111266496","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project PID2019-109026RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2411810777","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"bd1179","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318393","funder_display_name":"Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3690828678","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G575849009","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019-109026RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6937786264","display_name":"Understanding and Modelling the Earth System with Machine Learning","funder_award_id":"855187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338335","funder_display_name":"H2020 European Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318393","display_name":"Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum","ror":"https://ror.org/03ztgj037"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334763","display_name":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/01n6r0e97"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336863","display_name":"Leibniz-Rechenzentrum","ror":"https://ror.org/05558nw16"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338335","display_name":"H2020 European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317761500.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317761500.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964107755","https://openalex.org/W1995618562","https://openalex.org/W2001066139","https://openalex.org/W2011189209","https://openalex.org/W2013428977","https://openalex.org/W2045470555","https://openalex.org/W2074764441","https://openalex.org/W2129290197","https://openalex.org/W2140351252","https://openalex.org/W2154145150","https://openalex.org/W2159443068","https://openalex.org/W2168543988","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2256274928","https://openalex.org/W2569139521","https://openalex.org/W2571690904","https://openalex.org/W2677978256","https://openalex.org/W2742739911","https://openalex.org/W2743131688","https://openalex.org/W2767175545","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2925291093","https://openalex.org/W2934755333","https://openalex.org/W2953166477","https://openalex.org/W2991909169","https://openalex.org/W2997661618","https://openalex.org/W2998337745","https://openalex.org/W2998500935","https://openalex.org/W3001346916","https://openalex.org/W3033937909","https://openalex.org/W3147008637","https://openalex.org/W3173935739","https://openalex.org/W3183677756","https://openalex.org/W4220917047","https://openalex.org/W4306703188","https://openalex.org/W6755609140","https://openalex.org/W6769837987","https://openalex.org/W6809373505"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244478748","https://openalex.org/W4223488648","https://openalex.org/W2134969820","https://openalex.org/W2251605416","https://openalex.org/W1997222214","https://openalex.org/W2560439919","https://openalex.org/W4389340727","https://openalex.org/W2013329914","https://openalex.org/W2392383081","https://openalex.org/W1618102658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clouds":[0],"play":[1],"a":[2,39,79,223],"key":[3,28],"role":[4],"in":[5,59,85,229],"regulating":[6],"climate":[7,33,60,177,230],"change":[8,34],"but":[9],"are":[10,183,193],"difficult":[11],"to":[12,47,74,137,146,160,173,195],"simulate":[13],"within":[14],"Earth":[15],"system":[16],"models":[17],"(ESMs).":[18],"Improving":[19],"the":[20,27,51,89,103,120,158,165,187,216],"representation":[21,52],"of":[22,26,50,53,67,70,83,91,176,191,218,227],"clouds":[23,54,84,228],"is":[24,65,97,135],"one":[25],"tasks":[29],"toward":[30],"more":[31,80,224],"robust":[32],"projections.":[35],"This":[36,213],"study":[37],"introduces":[38],"new":[40],"machine-learning-based":[41],"framework":[42],"relying":[43],"on":[44,99],"satellite":[45,100,148,162,220],"observations":[46],"improve":[48],"understanding":[49],"and":[55,87,150,186],"their":[56],"relevant":[57],"processes":[58],"models.":[61,178,231],"The":[62,95,133,179],"proposed":[63],"method":[64,96,134,159,207],"capable":[66],"assigning":[68],"distributions":[69,182],"established":[71],"cloud":[72,92,116,143],"types":[73,117],"coarse":[75],"data.":[76],"It":[77],"facilitates":[78],"objective":[81],"evaluation":[82,226],"ESMs":[86,192],"improves":[88],"consistency":[90],"process":[93],"analysis.":[94],"built":[98],"data":[101,149,163,211,221],"from":[102,128,164],"Moderate":[104],"Resolution":[105],"Imaging":[106],"Spectroradiometer":[107],"(MODIS)":[108],"instrument":[109],"labeled":[110,219],"by":[111,119,205],"deep":[112],"neural":[113],"networks":[114],"with":[115,139],"defined":[118],"World":[121],"Meteorological":[122],"Organization":[123],"(WMO),":[124],"using":[125],"cloud-type":[126,181],"labels":[127],"CloudSat":[129],"as":[130],"ground":[131],"truth.":[132],"applicable":[136],"datasets":[138],"information":[140],"about":[141],"physical":[142],"variables":[144,203],"comparable":[145],"MODIS":[147],"at":[151],"sufficiently":[152],"high":[153],"temporal":[154],"resolution.":[155],"We":[156,199],"apply":[157,196],"alternative":[161],"Cloud_cci":[166],"project":[167],"(ESA":[168],"Climate":[169],"Change":[170],"Initiative),":[171],"coarse-grained":[172],"typical":[174,190],"resolutions":[175,189],"resulting":[180],"physically":[184],"consistent":[185],"horizontal":[188],"sufficient":[194],"our":[197,206],"method.":[198],"recommend":[200],"outputting":[201],"crucial":[202],"required":[204],"for":[208,222],"future":[209],"ESM":[210],"evaluation.":[212],"will":[214],"enable":[215],"use":[217],"systematic":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
