{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312569333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3229075","title":"Contour Structural Profiles: An Edge-Aware Feature Extractor for Hyperspectral Image Classification","display_name":"Contour Structural Profiles: An Edge-Aware Feature Extractor for Hyperspectral Image Classification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312569333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3229075"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3229075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3229075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101658227","display_name":"Ying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3972-3316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3972-3316","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011401698","display_name":"Puhong Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5066-4399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Puhong Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5066-4399","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065039433","display_name":"Jianxu Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2267-5415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxu Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2267-5415","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057514965","display_name":"Xudong Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3807-2531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xudong Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3807-2531","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065061505","display_name":"Leyuan Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2351-4461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leyuan Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2351-4461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074919292","display_name":"Pedram Ghamisi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1203-741X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161878677","display_name":"Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/04j47vk14","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161878677","https://openalex.org/I4210107880"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157875","display_name":"Institute of Advanced Research in Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/04m8gxe14","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157875"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedram Ghamisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Advanced Research in Artificial Intelligence (IARAI), Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1203-741X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Advanced Research in Artificial Intelligence (IARAI), Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161878677","https://openalex.org/I4210157875"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5363,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84757715,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9261999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.8376282453536987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7878843545913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.745610773563385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6887975931167603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.6643921136856079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6566799879074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.5842799544334412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5284392833709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.47094643115997314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.46816015243530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.44442158937454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.43334275484085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extractor","display_name":"Extractor","score":0.421671599149704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32671982049942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2396698296070099}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.8376282453536987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7878843545913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.745610773563385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6887975931167603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.6643921136856079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6566799879074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.5842799544334412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5284392833709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.47094643115997314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.46816015243530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.44442158937454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.43334275484085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117978034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422192","display_name":"Extractor","level":2,"score":0.421671599149704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32671982049942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2396698296070099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3229075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3229075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.75,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3579516633","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFA0715203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4878062729","display_name":"\u9ad8\u5149\u8c31\u9065\u611f\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871179","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8759851568","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201207","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1587559447","https://openalex.org/W1875842236","https://openalex.org/W1939429412","https://openalex.org/W1985973695","https://openalex.org/W2013251902","https://openalex.org/W2015603907","https://openalex.org/W2016860790","https://openalex.org/W2018482939","https://openalex.org/W2053615857","https://openalex.org/W2078718577","https://openalex.org/W2081809992","https://openalex.org/W2095975892","https://openalex.org/W2101711129","https://openalex.org/W2136251662","https://openalex.org/W2158400785","https://openalex.org/W2166923144","https://openalex.org/W2171566342","https://openalex.org/W2320846209","https://openalex.org/W2418115551","https://openalex.org/W2496621835","https://openalex.org/W2500751094","https://openalex.org/W2518897583","https://openalex.org/W2548037809","https://openalex.org/W2600061660","https://openalex.org/W2614256707","https://openalex.org/W2614326984","https://openalex.org/W2747311654","https://openalex.org/W2754507318","https://openalex.org/W2759832987","https://openalex.org/W2770315464","https://openalex.org/W2770606984","https://openalex.org/W2792332881","https://openalex.org/W2893945636","https://openalex.org/W2898204262","https://openalex.org/W2902470977","https://openalex.org/W2942454403","https://openalex.org/W2947058136","https://openalex.org/W2971007343","https://openalex.org/W3009158303","https://openalex.org/W3041024848","https://openalex.org/W3080744342","https://openalex.org/W3093896170","https://openalex.org/W3100172320","https://openalex.org/W3103753223","https://openalex.org/W3104418202","https://openalex.org/W3124217862","https://openalex.org/W3206711681","https://openalex.org/W4206456704","https://openalex.org/W4220788280","https://openalex.org/W4240485910","https://openalex.org/W4285264404","https://openalex.org/W4294310684"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2579148721","https://openalex.org/W4387893611","https://openalex.org/W2347335694","https://openalex.org/W2091056927","https://openalex.org/W2067407580","https://openalex.org/W4317486777","https://openalex.org/W4389669152","https://openalex.org/W2038514069","https://openalex.org/W1967233468","https://openalex.org/W2009181529"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Feature":[0],"extraction":[1,15,117],"provides":[2],"an":[3,20,43,81,85],"effective":[4],"tool":[5],"to":[6,18,25,54,93,136,161],"classify":[7],"hyperspectral":[8,13,60,173],"images":[9,61],"(HSIs).":[10],"However,":[11],"most":[12],"feature":[14,45,116],"methods":[16],"tend":[17],"yield":[19],"over-smoothed":[21],"phenomenon,":[22],"which":[23,100],"leads":[24],"inconsistency":[26],"between":[27],"the":[28,32,36,56,72,76,95,111,115,127,145,163,177,191],"homogeneous":[29],"regions":[30],"and":[31],"ground":[33,139],"objects":[34,140],"in":[35,99,114],"actual":[37],"scene.":[38],"To":[39],"alleviate":[40],"this":[41],"problem,":[42],"edge-aware":[44,86,128],"extractor":[46],"called":[47],"contour":[48,96,103],"structural":[49,97,121],"profiles":[50,122],"(CSPs)":[51],"is":[52,78,91,106,196],"proposed":[53,65,178],"extract":[55,94],"discriminative":[57],"features":[58],"for":[59],"classification":[62,66,165,182,187],"(HSIC).":[63],"The":[64],"method":[67,179],"comprises":[68],"three":[69],"components.":[70],"First,":[71],"spectral":[73,159],"dimension":[74],"of":[75,110,193],"HSI":[77],"reduced":[79],"with":[80,131,141,149],"averaging-based":[82],"method.":[83],"Then,":[84],"total":[87],"variation":[88],"(TV)":[89],"model":[90,130],"constructed":[92,125],"profile,":[98],"a":[101,150,158],"learned":[102],"probability":[104],"map":[105],"served":[107],"as":[108,135],"one":[109],"major":[112],"cues":[113],"process.":[118],"Next,":[119],"multiscale":[120],"(MSSPs)":[123],"are":[124,147],"using":[126],"TV":[129],"different":[132,142],"parameters":[133],"so":[134],"fully":[137],"characterize":[138],"scales.":[143],"Finally,":[144],"MSSPs":[146],"fused":[148],"kernel":[151],"principal":[152],"component":[153],"analysis":[154],"(KPCA)":[155],"followed":[156],"by":[157],"classifier":[160],"obtain":[162],"final":[164],"map.":[166],"Experimental":[167],"results":[168],"on":[169],"several":[170,185],"publicly":[171],"available":[172],"datasets":[174],"illustrate":[175],"that":[176],"obtains":[180],"superior":[181],"performance":[183],"over":[184],"state-of-the-art":[186],"approaches,":[188],"especially":[189],"when":[190],"number":[192],"training":[194],"samples":[195],"insufficient.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
