{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312610008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3217329","title":"Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection Using the Spectral\u2013Spatial Graph","display_name":"Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection Using the Spectral\u2013Spatial Graph","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312610008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3217329"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3217329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3217329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037075182","display_name":"Bing Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5802-9496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100286613","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/044ysd349","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100286613"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bing Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5802-9496","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100286613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011494781","display_name":"Zhi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3622-049X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100286613","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/044ysd349","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100286613"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3622-049X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100286613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019612305","display_name":"Huiting Ouyang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100286613","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/044ysd349","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100286613"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huiting Ouyang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100286613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059574479","display_name":"Xianchang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1486-0496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100286613","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/044ysd349","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100286613"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianchang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1486-0496","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100286613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100362041","display_name":"Jun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1613-9448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing, School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","School of Computer Science and the Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1613-9448","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing, School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and the Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054292278","display_name":"Antonio Plaza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-1659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80606768","display_name":"Universidad de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/0174shg90","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Plaza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Technology of Computers and Communications, Escuela Politecnica, Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-1659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technology of Computers and Communications, Escuela Politecnica, Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037075182"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100286613"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9548,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94445951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9527999758720398,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.929099977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.8533927202224731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.7392842173576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjacency-matrix","display_name":"Adjacency matrix","score":0.72004234790802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6515014171600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjacency-list","display_name":"Adjacency list","score":0.6100413203239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5703864693641663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5440484881401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5164408683776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.44945257902145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laplacian-matrix","display_name":"Laplacian matrix","score":0.4290618598461151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.41738301515579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3823281526565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.26542186737060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.24673092365264893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.13532766699790955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.08675646781921387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.8533927202224731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.7392842173576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180356752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727035","display_name":"Adjacency matrix","level":3,"score":0.72004234790802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6515014171600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110484373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264398","display_name":"Adjacency list","level":2,"score":0.6100413203239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5703864693641663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5440484881401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5164408683776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.44945257902145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115178988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q772067","display_name":"Laplacian matrix","level":3,"score":0.4290618598461151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.41738301515579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3823281526565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.26542186737060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.24673092365264893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13532766699790955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.08675646781921387}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3217329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3217329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1058977399","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019-110315RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1203618577","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020JJ2017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330215","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1245566906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61977022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1731382246","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GR18060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328352","funder_display_name":"Junta de Extremadura"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2056011108","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JJ40226","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6032315191","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019SK2012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330214","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7739554658","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328352","display_name":"Junta de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/01df4mv68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330214","display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330215","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001338493","https://openalex.org/W2004491663","https://openalex.org/W2010702969","https://openalex.org/W2033385390","https://openalex.org/W2040078680","https://openalex.org/W2047519171","https://openalex.org/W2047870694","https://openalex.org/W2048578762","https://openalex.org/W2063727835","https://openalex.org/W2065656437","https://openalex.org/W2124463804","https://openalex.org/W2145858287","https://openalex.org/W2163129097","https://openalex.org/W2163957348","https://openalex.org/W2295576075","https://openalex.org/W2343117455","https://openalex.org/W2424277038","https://openalex.org/W2765997073","https://openalex.org/W2766182812","https://openalex.org/W2766987328","https://openalex.org/W2772028350","https://openalex.org/W2774497477","https://openalex.org/W2789345570","https://openalex.org/W2800662010","https://openalex.org/W2900199428","https://openalex.org/W2901671744","https://openalex.org/W2948363198","https://openalex.org/W2949079224","https://openalex.org/W2955002903","https://openalex.org/W2967626144","https://openalex.org/W2972480129","https://openalex.org/W2975506318","https://openalex.org/W2979897847","https://openalex.org/W2985741321","https://openalex.org/W2990670912","https://openalex.org/W2993555267","https://openalex.org/W3007816856","https://openalex.org/W3016909772","https://openalex.org/W3021998006","https://openalex.org/W3043787655","https://openalex.org/W3099362990","https://openalex.org/W3132968651","https://openalex.org/W3133333970","https://openalex.org/W3152468234","https://openalex.org/W3157130577","https://openalex.org/W3160068210","https://openalex.org/W4285176380","https://openalex.org/W6784983369"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4213150077","https://openalex.org/W2369410163","https://openalex.org/W2059018062","https://openalex.org/W2604585036","https://openalex.org/W2078477160","https://openalex.org/W2963002212","https://openalex.org/W1989103179","https://openalex.org/W1991172810","https://openalex.org/W125803343","https://openalex.org/W4205812024"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Anomaly":[0],"detection":[1,30,82,129,143,155,163,176,190],"is":[2,26],"an":[3],"important":[4],"technique":[5],"for":[6],"hyperspectral":[7,146],"image":[8],"processing.":[9],"It":[10],"aims":[11],"to":[12,55,133],"find":[13],"pixels":[14],"that":[15,89],"are":[16,106,131],"markedly":[17],"different":[18,126],"from":[19,108],"the":[20,23,36,52,57,61,68,85,92,98,109,135,138,151,158,168,185],"background":[21],"when":[22],"target":[24],"spectrum":[25],"unavailable.":[27],"Many":[28],"anomaly":[29,81,142,154,162,175],"methods":[31],"have":[32,43],"been":[33],"proposed":[34,186],"over":[35,67],"past":[37],"years,":[38],"among":[39],"which":[40,63],"graph-based":[41],"ones":[42],"attracted":[44],"extensive":[45],"attention.":[46],"And":[47],"they":[48],"usually":[49],"just":[50],"consider":[51],"spectral":[53,95,103,112],"information":[54,72],"build":[56],"adjacency":[58,100,104],"matrix":[59,101,105],"of":[60,70,137],"graph,":[62],"does":[64],"not":[65],"think":[66],"effect":[69],"spatial":[71,93,99,110],"in":[73],"this":[74],"process.":[75],"This":[76],"paper":[77],"proposes":[78],"a":[79,117],"new":[80],"method":[83,156],"using":[84],"Spectral-Spatial":[86],"Graph":[87],"(SSG)":[88],"considers":[90],"both":[91],"and":[94,102,111,124,157,160,181],"information.":[96],"Thus,":[97],"constructed":[107],"dimensions,":[113],"respectively.":[114],"To":[115],"obtain":[116],"spectral-spatial":[118],"graph":[119,152],"with":[120,173],"more":[121],"discriminant":[122],"characteristics,":[123],"two":[125],"local":[127,161],"neighborhood":[128],"strategies":[130],"used":[132],"measure":[134],"similarity":[136],"SSG.":[139],"Furthermore,":[140],"global":[141,159],"results":[144,164],"on":[145,178],"images":[147],"were":[148,165],"obtained":[149],"by":[150,167],"Laplacian":[153],"optimized":[166],"differential":[169],"fusion":[170],"method.":[171],"Compared":[172],"other":[174],"algorithms":[177],"several":[179],"synthetic":[180],"real":[182],"data":[183],"sets,":[184],"algorithm":[187],"shows":[188],"superior":[189],"performance.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-13T08:25:38.343686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}