{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296558692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3208337","title":"Multifeature Collaborative Adversarial Attack in Multimodal Remote Sensing Image Classification","display_name":"Multifeature Collaborative Adversarial Attack in Multimodal Remote Sensing Image Classification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296558692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3208337"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3208337","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3208337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100344079","display_name":"Cheng Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-2005"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-2005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033194930","display_name":"Yenan Dang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yenan Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101907359","display_name":"Li Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4876-6975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151023","display_name":"Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing Haixi Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ev3vr27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151023"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences, Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing, Haixi Institutes, Quanzhou, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4876-6975","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing, Haixi Institutes, Quanzhou, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151023","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011525006","display_name":"Minghua Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8062-2982"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghua Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8062-2982","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047997045","display_name":"Zhiyong Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2595-4794"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2595-4794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qiguang Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6766-8310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiguang Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6766-8310","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005772506","display_name":"Chi\u2010Man Pun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1788-3746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Man Pun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1788-3746","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100344079"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5623,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83040653,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.846717357635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7841473817825317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6287084221839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6203916668891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5890994071960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.5251707434654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5028061866760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4840613901615143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4516455829143524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.443711519241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.4323505759239197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3249287009239197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.18548840284347534}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.846717357635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7841473817825317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6287084221839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6203916668891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5890994071960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.5251707434654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5028061866760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4840613901615143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4516455829143524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.443711519241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4323505759239197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3249287009239197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.18548840284347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3208337","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3208337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1773820166","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002272","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G431671511","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902313","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5170413525","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61973250","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6033867197","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42101359","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8760221190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902296","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W301378022","https://openalex.org/W2605486153","https://openalex.org/W2922509574","https://openalex.org/W2963178695","https://openalex.org/W2963448658","https://openalex.org/W2963542245","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2979450790","https://openalex.org/W2981597369","https://openalex.org/W2998470269","https://openalex.org/W3015746332","https://openalex.org/W3035821888","https://openalex.org/W3040988483","https://openalex.org/W3048029844","https://openalex.org/W3098226106","https://openalex.org/W3100144085","https://openalex.org/W3121000959","https://openalex.org/W3126641878","https://openalex.org/W3127159478","https://openalex.org/W3130760752","https://openalex.org/W3168367808","https://openalex.org/W3172075653","https://openalex.org/W3201985298","https://openalex.org/W3207005322","https://openalex.org/W3210341560","https://openalex.org/W3216686652","https://openalex.org/W4200548246","https://openalex.org/W4221136397","https://openalex.org/W6640425456"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W73545470","https://openalex.org/W4224266612","https://openalex.org/W2383394264","https://openalex.org/W4320153225","https://openalex.org/W4293261942","https://openalex.org/W3125968744","https://openalex.org/W2004831463","https://openalex.org/W2167701463","https://openalex.org/W2110287964","https://openalex.org/W4307407935"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"neural":[1],"networks":[2,119],"have":[3,48],"strong":[4,145],"feature":[5],"learning":[6,19],"ability,":[7,147],"but":[8],"their":[9,33],"vulnerability":[10,114],"cannot":[11],"be":[12],"ignored.":[13],"Current":[14],"research":[15,85],"shows":[16],"that":[17,214,225],"deep":[18],"models":[20],"are":[21,136,174,190],"threatened":[22],"by":[23,56],"adversarial":[24,41,45,62,89,125,131,156],"examples":[25,90,157],"in":[26,37],"remote":[27],"sensing":[28],"(RS)":[29],"classification":[30,70,83,118],"tasks,":[31],"and":[32,72,101,120,148,169,176,199,206,237,239],"robustness":[34],"drops":[35],"sharply":[36],"the":[38,53,60,73,113,140,153,160,185,194,215,219,227],"face":[39],"of":[40,76,115,218,226],"attacks.":[42],"Therefore,":[43],"many":[44],"attack":[46,63,96,103,146,216,242],"methods":[47,64],"been":[49],"studied":[50],"to":[51,92,138,159],"predict":[52],"risks":[54],"faced":[55],"a":[57,84,94,122,165,170],"network.":[58],"However,":[59],"existing":[61],"mainly":[65],"focus":[66],"on":[67,193],"single-modal":[68],"image":[69,82],"networks,":[71],"rapid":[74],"growth":[75],"RS":[77,81,117],"data":[78],"makes":[79],"multimodal":[80,88,116,130,141,155],"hotspot.":[86],"Generating":[87],"needs":[91],"consider":[93],"high":[95],"success":[97],"rate,":[98],"subtle":[99],"perturbation,":[100],"collaborative":[102,124,142],"ability":[104],"between":[105],"different":[106],"modalities.":[107],"In":[108,163],"this":[109],"article,":[110],"we":[111],"investigate":[112],"propose":[121],"multifeature":[123],"network":[126],"(MFCANet)":[127],"for":[128,183,197],"generating":[129],"examples.":[132],"Two":[133],"modality-specific":[134,150,166,171],"generators":[135],"designed":[137,182],"generate":[139],"perturbations":[143],"with":[144],"two":[149],"discriminators":[151],"make":[152],"generated":[154],"closer":[158],"real":[161],"instances.":[162],"addition,":[164],"generative":[167],"loss":[168,173],"discriminative":[172],"proposed,":[175],"an":[177],"alternating":[178],"optimization":[179],"strategy":[180],"is":[181,222],"training":[184],"proposed":[186,220],"MFCANet.":[187],"Extensive":[188],"experiments":[189],"carried":[191],"out":[192],"International":[195],"Society":[196],"Photogrammetry":[198],"Remote":[200],"Sensing":[201],"(ISPRS)":[202],"Vaihingen":[203],"2D":[204,209],"dataset":[205],"ISPRS":[207],"Potsdam":[208],"dataset.":[210],"The":[211],"results":[212],"show":[213],"performance":[217],"method":[221,231],"stronger":[223],"than":[224],"fast":[228],"gradient":[229,234],"sign":[230],"(FGSM),":[232],"project":[233],"descent":[235],"(PGD),":[236],"Carlini":[238],"Wagner":[240],"(C&W)":[241],"methods.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}