{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213454679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3153721","title":"A Novel Approach for Multiscale Lunar Crater Detection by the Use of Path-Profile and Isolation Forest Based on High-Resolution Planetary Images","display_name":"A Novel Approach for Multiscale Lunar Crater Detection by the Use of Path-Profile and Isolation Forest Based on High-Resolution Planetary Images","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213454679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3153721"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3153721","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3153721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100622123","display_name":"Yaqiong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5848-1220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaqiong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008163978","display_name":"Huan Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-7848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huan Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-7848","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034769186","display_name":"Qian Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0141-7919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063939139","display_name":"Yaxuan Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaxuan Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028181839","display_name":"Xiongfeng Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-464X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiongfeng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039348214","display_name":"Xiaohua Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-3797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohua Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-3797","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100424831","display_name":"Shijie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5941-0763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shijie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5941-0763","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100684827","display_name":"Sicong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-4844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sicong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-4844","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102953701","display_name":"Xiong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-4160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-4160","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002046606","display_name":"Chao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7565-2124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7565-2124","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103528790","display_name":"Yanmin Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7751-0458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanmin Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100381548","display_name":"Xinyi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4431-5966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7385,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83282663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impact-crater","display_name":"Impact crater","score":0.902799129486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7395155429840088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5280336141586304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.495853990316391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.45668330788612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-resolution","display_name":"High resolution","score":0.45461639761924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45111799240112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrobiology","display_name":"Astrobiology","score":0.43887677788734436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.43688011169433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25508010387420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10167059302330017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179537507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55818","display_name":"Impact crater","level":2,"score":0.902799129486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7395155429840088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5280336141586304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.495853990316391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45668330788612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020199158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"High resolution","level":2,"score":0.45461639761924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45111799240112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.43887677788734436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.43688011169433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25508010387420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10167059302330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3153721","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3153721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3816317744","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21QA1409100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327803","funder_display_name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5199760031","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SLDRCE19-B-35","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327031","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G699592975","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41822106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8091649487","display_name":"\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u5168\u7403\u5730\u8868\u8986\u76d6\u9065\u611f\u6570\u636e\u4ea7\u54c1\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41631178","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327031","display_name":"State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327803","display_name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1596717185","https://openalex.org/W1975036118","https://openalex.org/W1977024169","https://openalex.org/W1979139959","https://openalex.org/W1982748135","https://openalex.org/W1995376165","https://openalex.org/W1995443851","https://openalex.org/W1997568160","https://openalex.org/W2025688831","https://openalex.org/W2040404008","https://openalex.org/W2044996558","https://openalex.org/W2046298615","https://openalex.org/W2052578624","https://openalex.org/W2060300295","https://openalex.org/W2066673296","https://openalex.org/W2091756975","https://openalex.org/W2092842520","https://openalex.org/W2093359888","https://openalex.org/W2097178192","https://openalex.org/W2110794641","https://openalex.org/W2121452312","https://openalex.org/W2121846372","https://openalex.org/W2122524329","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2127592841","https://openalex.org/W2139034491","https://openalex.org/W2148848671","https://openalex.org/W2165122305","https://openalex.org/W2171447090","https://openalex.org/W2206223658","https://openalex.org/W2294211171","https://openalex.org/W2294479402","https://openalex.org/W2513426823","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2576938664","https://openalex.org/W2614385241","https://openalex.org/W2792008101","https://openalex.org/W2792403456","https://openalex.org/W2899763405","https://openalex.org/W2903185461","https://openalex.org/W2921406441","https://openalex.org/W2935279002","https://openalex.org/W2936628966","https://openalex.org/W2946684807","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2964037464","https://openalex.org/W2993800129","https://openalex.org/W3005301409","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3106605108","https://openalex.org/W3117504517","https://openalex.org/W6637131181","https://openalex.org/W6777046832","https://openalex.org/W6778214126"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2362774332","https://openalex.org/W4249245269","https://openalex.org/W2765548132","https://openalex.org/W2025681766","https://openalex.org/W2542402767","https://openalex.org/W3023086044","https://openalex.org/W2294441925","https://openalex.org/W4212954839","https://openalex.org/W2142226356","https://openalex.org/W3210000161"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Crater":[0],"detection":[1,23,130,179],"from":[2,217],"planetary":[3],"images":[4,150,155,213],"is":[5,27,43,48,81,93,125,132,185,201,226],"a":[6,38,73,90,202],"challenging":[7],"issue":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,29,45,50,95,134,158,205,220,228],"the":[11,52,56,68,78,85,97,108,115,120,160,165,175,178,182,189,229,236],"complicated":[12],"variations":[13],"in":[14,67],"geometry":[15],"shape,":[16],"illumination,":[17],"and":[18,89,146,151,162,188,224,232],"scale.":[19],"An":[20],"automatic":[21,40],"crater":[22],"algorithm":[24,123],"(CDA)":[25],"that":[26,42],"robust":[28,44,227],"these":[30,46],"factors":[31,47],"is,":[32],"therefore,":[33],"necessary.":[34],"In":[35,107],"this":[36,195],"article,":[37],"novel":[39,74],"CDA":[41],"proposed":[49,59,166,199],"detect":[51,206],"multiscale":[53,207],"craters":[54,101,209],"of":[55,62,100,117,164,177,181,222],"Moon.":[57,237],"The":[58,168,198],"method":[60,131,200],"consists":[61],"two":[63],"main":[64],"steps:":[65],"1)":[66],"hypothesis":[69,109],"generation":[70],"(HG)":[71],"step,":[72,112],"feature":[75,99],"operator":[76],"called":[77],"path-profile,":[79],"which":[80,124],"constructed":[82],"based":[83,113],"on":[84,114,173,235],"self-defined":[86],"adjacency":[87],"graph":[88],"path":[91],"descriptor,":[92],"presented":[94],"derive":[96],"highlight-shadow":[98],"for":[102,210],"detecting":[103],"candidate":[104],"craters.":[105,138],"2)":[106],"verification":[110],"(HV)":[111],"idea":[116],"anomaly":[118,129],"detection,":[119],"isolation":[121],"forest":[122],"an":[126],"unsupervised":[127],"learning":[128],"applied":[133],"eliminate":[135],"falsely":[136],"detected":[137],"Lunar":[139],"Reconnaissance":[140],"Orbiter":[141],"Camera":[142,145,149],"Wide":[143],"Angle":[144,148],"Narrow":[147],"Chang’E-4":[152],"landing":[153],"camera":[154],"were":[156],"used":[157],"test":[159],"accuracy":[161,176],"robustness":[163],"method.":[167],"experimental":[169],"results":[170],"indicate":[171],"that:":[172],"average,":[174],"result":[180],"HG":[183],"step":[184,191],"about":[186],"90%,":[187],"HV":[190],"can":[192],"further":[193],"improve":[194],"by":[196],"3%–4%.":[197],"reliable":[203],"way":[204],"lunar":[208],"various":[211],"resolutions":[212],"with":[214],"diameters":[215],"ranging":[216],"five":[218],"pixels":[219],"hundreds":[221],"pixels,":[223],"it":[225],"different":[230],"terrains":[231],"illumination":[233],"conditions":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}