{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213272555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3127710","title":"Novel Cross-Resolution Feature-Level Fusion for Joint Classification of Multispectral and Panchromatic Remote Sensing Images","display_name":"Novel Cross-Resolution Feature-Level Fusion for Joint Classification of Multispectral and Panchromatic Remote Sensing Images","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213272555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3127710","mag":"3213272555"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3127710","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3127710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11572/401501","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100684827","display_name":"Sicong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-4844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sicong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065210450","display_name":"Hui Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7587-1116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033017179","display_name":"Qian Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-7500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006095323","display_name":"Lorenzo Bruzzone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6036-459X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Bruzzone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089631478","display_name":"Alim Samat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9091-6033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103115","display_name":"Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography","ror":"https://ror.org/01a8ev928","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210103115"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alim Samat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, &#x00DC;r&#x00FC;mqi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, &#x00DC;r&#x00FC;mqi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103115","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039348214","display_name":"Xiaohua Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-3797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohua Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100684827"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0325,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92061513,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panchromatic-film","display_name":"Panchromatic film","score":0.887980580329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.8111460208892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.693755030632019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6778795719146729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.611669659614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5964058041572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.5930590629577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5899742841720581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.505352795124054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.45004189014434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-fusion","display_name":"Image fusion","score":0.4487648010253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.4238336384296417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.41278696060180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.2675092816352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1602117419242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1308794617652893}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107445234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q280995","display_name":"Panchromatic film","level":3,"score":0.887980580329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.8111460208892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.693755030632019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6778795719146729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.611669659614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5964058041572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.5930590629577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5899742841720581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.505352795124054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.45004189014434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69744172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860822","display_name":"Image fusion","level":3,"score":0.4487648010253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.4238336384296417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.41278696060180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2675092816352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1602117419242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1308794617652893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3127710","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3127710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/401501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11572/401501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/401501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11572/401501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1583088338","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0505000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3816317744","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21QA1409100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327803","funder_display_name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4694659516","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42071324","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6660855116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0505000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7033253288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grants","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8802122564","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42071424","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327803","display_name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035285838","https://openalex.org/W2053295068","https://openalex.org/W2083541351","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2134451879","https://openalex.org/W2149720806","https://openalex.org/W2153818778","https://openalex.org/W2154789478","https://openalex.org/W2159070926","https://openalex.org/W2166923144","https://openalex.org/W2242218935","https://openalex.org/W2303172903","https://openalex.org/W2339179587","https://openalex.org/W2339934556","https://openalex.org/W2346557146","https://openalex.org/W2412925410","https://openalex.org/W2605486153","https://openalex.org/W2758333383","https://openalex.org/W2768309288","https://openalex.org/W2773041763","https://openalex.org/W2802187966","https://openalex.org/W2810821452","https://openalex.org/W2899594121","https://openalex.org/W2934700355","https://openalex.org/W2953308875","https://openalex.org/W2963183385","https://openalex.org/W2997240345","https://openalex.org/W3007744360","https://openalex.org/W3011614889","https://openalex.org/W3011625001","https://openalex.org/W3023221758","https://openalex.org/W3023991509","https://openalex.org/W3042772844","https://openalex.org/W3046027728","https://openalex.org/W3047443805","https://openalex.org/W3048631361","https://openalex.org/W3102692100","https://openalex.org/W3103695279","https://openalex.org/W3106967300","https://openalex.org/W3113877107","https://openalex.org/W3122774149","https://openalex.org/W3165528013","https://openalex.org/W3165729427","https://openalex.org/W3206197202","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6637373629"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3192816080","https://openalex.org/W2375230202","https://openalex.org/W1977912381","https://openalex.org/W2156969988","https://openalex.org/W2349456387","https://openalex.org/W1571316472","https://openalex.org/W2014823937","https://openalex.org/W2163677711","https://openalex.org/W2375311607","https://openalex.org/W2279705752"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,17,95,117,123,140,146,162,165],"increasing":[2],"availability":[3],"and":[4,12,47,54,77,113,120,130,143,173],"resolution":[5],"of":[6,44,110,164,170],"satellite":[7],"sensor":[8],"data,":[9],"multispectral":[10],"(MS)":[11],"panchromatic":[13],"(PAN)":[14],"images":[15],"are":[16,22,61,79,101],"most":[18],"popular":[19],"data":[20],"that":[21],"used":[23],"in":[24,103,132,168],"remote":[25],"sensing":[26],"among":[27],"applications.":[28],"This":[29],"article":[30],"proposes":[31],"a":[32,58,84,104],"novel":[33],"cross-resolution":[34,70,124],"hidden":[35,71,98],"layer":[36,72,99],"feature":[37],"fusion":[38],"(CRHFF)":[39],"approach":[40,167],"for":[41],"joint":[42],"classification":[43,147],"multiresolution":[45,97,155],"MS":[46,66,76,119],"PAN":[48,78,121],"images.":[49],"In":[50],"particular,":[51],"shallow":[52],"spectral":[53],"spatial":[55],"features":[56,73,100,115],"at":[57,83],"global":[59],"scale":[60,86],"first":[62],"extracted":[63,74,129],"from":[64,75,81,116,139],"an":[65,89],"image.":[67],"Then,":[68],"deep":[69,92],"fused":[80,131],"patches":[82],"local":[85],"according":[87],"to":[88,134,177],"autoencoder":[90],"(AE)-like":[91],"network.":[93],"Finally,":[94],"selected":[96],"classified":[102],"supervised":[105],"manner.":[106],"By":[107],"taking":[108],"advantage":[109],"integrated":[111],"shallow-to-deep":[112],"global-to-local":[114],"high-resolution":[118],"images,":[122],"latent":[125],"information":[126],"can":[127],"be":[128],"order":[133],"better":[135],"model":[136],"imaged":[137],"objects":[138],"multimodal":[141],"representation":[142],"finally":[144],"increase":[145],"accuracy.":[148],"Experimental":[149],"results":[150],"obtained":[151],"on":[152],"three":[153],"real":[154],"datasets":[156],"covering":[157],"complex":[158],"urban":[159],"scenarios":[160],"confirm":[161],"effectiveness":[163],"proposed":[166],"terms":[169],"higher":[171],"accuracy":[172],"robustness":[174],"with":[175],"respect":[176],"literature":[178],"methods.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
