{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159744404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3074029","title":"Simulation of Martian Near-Surface Structure and Imaging of Future GPR Data From Mars","display_name":"Simulation of Martian Near-Surface Structure and Imaging of Future GPR Data From Mars","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159744404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3074029","mag":"3159744404"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3074029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3074029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005612823","display_name":"Ling Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9361-1174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111950717","display_name":"Macau University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03jqs2n27","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111950717","https://openalex.org/I4391767947"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN","MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9361-1174","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111950717"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051172488","display_name":"Yi Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-525X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111950717","display_name":"Macau University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03jqs2n27","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111950717","https://openalex.org/I4391767947"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-525X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111950717"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100599784","display_name":"Zhaofa Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0104-4278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaofa Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336995","display_name":"Jing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7960-176X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100366113","display_name":"Dong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5137-9909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, 2628, CJ, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5137-9909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, 2628, CJ, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90290286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-penetrating-radar","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","score":0.8888031840324402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mars-exploration-program","display_name":"Mars Exploration Program","score":0.8084412813186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/martian","display_name":"Martian","score":0.6884166598320007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.6835513114929199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/martian-surface","display_name":"Martian surface","score":0.6830878257751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6431336402893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5805583000183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.47532346844673157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploration-of-mars","display_name":"Exploration of Mars","score":0.4732523560523987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impact-crater","display_name":"Impact crater","score":0.44641175866127014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.3643922805786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24741536378860474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrobiology","display_name":"Astrobiology","score":0.15590915083885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11864900588989258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09700581431388855}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71813955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503560","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","level":3,"score":0.8888031840324402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83260615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6773121","display_name":"Mars Exploration Program","level":2,"score":0.8084412813186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778600265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q913850","display_name":"Martian","level":3,"score":0.6884166598320007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6835513114929199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776219924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6774740","display_name":"Martian surface","level":4,"score":0.6830878257751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6431336402893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5805583000183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.47532346844673157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68702407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716774","display_name":"Exploration of Mars","level":3,"score":0.4732523560523987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179537507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55818","display_name":"Impact crater","level":2,"score":0.44641175866127014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.3643922805786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24741536378860474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.15590915083885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11864900588989258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09700581431388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3074029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3074029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1354928462","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D020101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317129","funder_display_name":"China National Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1588953417","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BX20200148","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335768","funder_display_name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3270461438","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020M681041","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G645357563","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41574109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6549451255","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41874134","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6690174079","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019QNRC001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311778","funder_display_name":"China Association for Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311778","display_name":"China Association for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/035vmht26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317129","display_name":"China National Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/004vanv95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335768","display_name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1587831682","https://openalex.org/W1628233446","https://openalex.org/W1786744417","https://openalex.org/W1920771549","https://openalex.org/W1967591530","https://openalex.org/W1969322422","https://openalex.org/W1985134526","https://openalex.org/W1986276501","https://openalex.org/W2000104599","https://openalex.org/W2000810523","https://openalex.org/W2019066261","https://openalex.org/W2027387625","https://openalex.org/W2030713042","https://openalex.org/W2031312534","https://openalex.org/W2043408342","https://openalex.org/W2047579103","https://openalex.org/W2064360132","https://openalex.org/W2100879731","https://openalex.org/W2100957654","https://openalex.org/W2102921232","https://openalex.org/W2104917389","https://openalex.org/W2111136913","https://openalex.org/W2134941671","https://openalex.org/W2139303798","https://openalex.org/W2156912897","https://openalex.org/W2160377495","https://openalex.org/W2163111749","https://openalex.org/W2178948257","https://openalex.org/W2184982516","https://openalex.org/W2260660010","https://openalex.org/W2513717267","https://openalex.org/W2521281112","https://openalex.org/W2521328745","https://openalex.org/W2541081906","https://openalex.org/W2560304941","https://openalex.org/W2606231134","https://openalex.org/W2724966866","https://openalex.org/W2740122029","https://openalex.org/W2755216464","https://openalex.org/W2756104691","https://openalex.org/W2786108786","https://openalex.org/W2891199564","https://openalex.org/W2901161323","https://openalex.org/W2901749484","https://openalex.org/W2906456241","https://openalex.org/W2918655690","https://openalex.org/W2978520037","https://openalex.org/W2982196065","https://openalex.org/W2990692040","https://openalex.org/W3000558957","https://openalex.org/W3007170360","https://openalex.org/W3011489938","https://openalex.org/W3089445556","https://openalex.org/W4239515185","https://openalex.org/W6797742311"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982763655","https://openalex.org/W1663847441","https://openalex.org/W267646232","https://openalex.org/W2105801305","https://openalex.org/W1522665625","https://openalex.org/W2011937676","https://openalex.org/W2052557232","https://openalex.org/W2088354987","https://openalex.org/W2079567089","https://openalex.org/W3149160274"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three":[0],"upcoming":[1],"Martian":[2,141,194],"missions":[3],"will":[4],"deploy":[5],"a":[6,31,43,69,108,190],"ground-penetrating":[7],"radar":[8,28,52,106,173],"(GPR)":[9],"to":[10,144,181,189],"reveal":[11],"the":[12,22,34,38,62,66,74,86,89,97,105,118,125,134,160,170,178,183,186],"fine-resolution":[13],"subsurface":[14,100],"structure":[15,36,76],"and":[16,48,92,102,140],"dielectric":[17],"properties":[18,136],"of":[19,27,33,50,65,73,88,99,120,137,172,185,193],"materials":[20,142],"beneath":[21],"surface.":[23],"Numerical":[24],"forward":[25],"simulations":[26],"echo":[29],"using":[30,124],"model":[32,72],"near-surface":[35,75,195],"at":[37],"landing":[39],"site":[40],"can":[41],"provide":[42],"valuable":[44],"reference":[45],"for":[46,84],"processing":[47],"interpretation":[49],"future":[51],"data":[53,127],"collected":[54],"on":[55,61],"Mars.":[56],"In":[57],"this":[58,151],"study,":[59],"based":[60],"geological":[63],"information":[64],"Jezero":[67],"crater,":[68],"detailed":[70],"stratigraphic":[71],"is":[77,115,122],"derived,":[78],"which":[79,121],"includes":[80],"several":[81],"key":[82],"features,":[83],"example,":[85],"randomness":[87],"medium,":[90],"terrain,":[91],"cracks.":[93],"To":[94],"identify":[95],"correctly":[96],"reflections":[98],"interfaces":[101],"fractures":[103],"from":[104],"image,":[107],"<inline-formula>":[109,161],"<tex-math":[110,162],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$v(z$":[111,163],"</tex-math></inline-formula>)":[112,164],"f-k":[113,165],"migration":[114,158],"carried":[116],"out,":[117],"performance":[119],"evaluated":[123],"GPR":[126],"obtained":[128],"near":[129],"Antarctic":[130,138],"Zhongshan":[131],"Station":[132],"since":[133],"electrical":[135],"glaciers":[139],"are":[143],"some":[145],"extent":[146],"comparable.":[147],"The":[148],"results":[149],"in":[150],"work":[152],"show":[153],"that":[154],"compared":[155],"with":[156],"common":[157],"algorithm,":[159],"method":[166],"not":[167],"only":[168],"improves":[169],"clarity":[171],"image":[174],"but":[175],"also":[176],"provides":[177],"permittivity":[179],"profiles":[180],"infer":[182],"composition":[184],"substrate,":[187],"leading":[188],"better":[191],"understanding":[192],"geology.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}