{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3129037655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3053201","title":"Orthogonal Subspace Projection Using Data Sphering and Low-Rank and Sparse Matrix Decomposition for Hyperspectral Target Detection","display_name":"Orthogonal Subspace Projection Using Data Sphering and Low-Rank and Sparse Matrix Decomposition for Hyperspectral Target Detection","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3129037655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3053201","mag":"3129037655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3053201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3053201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073412670","display_name":"Chein\u2010I Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5450-4891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177918364","display_name":"Providence University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fcpsq87","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177918364"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79272384","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County","ror":"https://ror.org/02qskvh78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}],"countries":["CN","TW","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chein-I Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Hyperspectral Imaging in Remote Sensing (CHIRS), Information and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA","Department of Computer Science and Information Management, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5450-4891","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Hyperspectral Imaging in Remote Sensing (CHIRS), Information and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Management, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177918364"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084958983","display_name":"Jie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7838-9293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79272384","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County","ror":"https://ror.org/02qskvh78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7838-9293","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9865,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94163069,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"10","first_page":"8704","last_page":"8722"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.718287467956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.6098034977912903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-subspace","display_name":"Linear subspace","score":0.5606175065040588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.5372182726860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5359927415847778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.5253726243972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.5128269791603088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.509867787361145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-matrix","display_name":"Sparse matrix","score":0.4777059555053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.46180930733680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.42334163188934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3996901512145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.37646639347076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3633486032485962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.24339106678962708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.17803001403808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.09885159134864807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.718287467956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6098034977912903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.5606175065040588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.5372182726860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5359927415847778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.5253726243972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5128269791603088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.509867787361145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56372850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050404","display_name":"Sparse matrix","level":3,"score":0.4777059555053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46180930733680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.42334163188934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3996901512145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37646639347076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3633486032485962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.24339106678962708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.17803001403808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.09885159134864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3053201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3053201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1447177257","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3132019341","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532610010","https://openalex.org/W1973176871","https://openalex.org/W1983077328","https://openalex.org/W1993925397","https://openalex.org/W1994040806","https://openalex.org/W2003753589","https://openalex.org/W2009539575","https://openalex.org/W2014690245","https://openalex.org/W2028740150","https://openalex.org/W2037143195","https://openalex.org/W2047071281","https://openalex.org/W2047096209","https://openalex.org/W2047870694","https://openalex.org/W2067897118","https://openalex.org/W2073774279","https://openalex.org/W2095665557","https://openalex.org/W2095832449","https://openalex.org/W2096972831","https://openalex.org/W2099301440","https://openalex.org/W2101252963","https://openalex.org/W2107014267","https://openalex.org/W2107820823","https://openalex.org/W2115927538","https://openalex.org/W2117741752","https://openalex.org/W2117756735","https://openalex.org/W2119667497","https://openalex.org/W2119919858","https://openalex.org/W2120275993","https://openalex.org/W2121101670","https://openalex.org/W2121789508","https://openalex.org/W2125341398","https://openalex.org/W2137870541","https://openalex.org/W2144244295","https://openalex.org/W2145022512","https://openalex.org/W2145962650","https://openalex.org/W2146365981","https://openalex.org/W2154236340","https://openalex.org/W2163436471","https://openalex.org/W2163547919","https://openalex.org/W2163599171","https://openalex.org/W2165478463","https://openalex.org/W2165755981","https://openalex.org/W2211548590","https://openalex.org/W2244248377","https://openalex.org/W2288752886","https://openalex.org/W2321066668","https://openalex.org/W2327023139","https://openalex.org/W2331013711","https://openalex.org/W2395448127","https://openalex.org/W2422278448","https://openalex.org/W2493273699","https://openalex.org/W2607289818","https://openalex.org/W2743091961","https://openalex.org/W2790801839","https://openalex.org/W2791725003","https://openalex.org/W2792914783","https://openalex.org/W2793367532","https://openalex.org/W2795739134","https://openalex.org/W2887843685","https://openalex.org/W2899937451","https://openalex.org/W2949108775","https://openalex.org/W2951401720","https://openalex.org/W2951443864","https://openalex.org/W2975159970","https://openalex.org/W3005109735","https://openalex.org/W3006857401","https://openalex.org/W3021090805","https://openalex.org/W3042747521","https://openalex.org/W3045657924","https://openalex.org/W3087883793","https://openalex.org/W3104624268","https://openalex.org/W3195212285","https://openalex.org/W6640723650","https://openalex.org/W6658227324","https://openalex.org/W6669036798"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3100286349","https://openalex.org/W2896134808","https://openalex.org/W3172436493","https://openalex.org/W4287164812","https://openalex.org/W2957492749","https://openalex.org/W1887135636","https://openalex.org/W4289378085","https://openalex.org/W2386063599","https://openalex.org/W1975884855","https://openalex.org/W3213150849"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Orthogonal":[0],"subspace":[1],"projection":[2],"(OSP)":[3],"has":[4],"been":[5],"widely":[6,158],"used":[7,22,159],"in":[8,46,86,135,145],"many":[9],"applications":[10],"for":[11],"hyperspectral":[12],"data":[13,52,64,116,138],"exploitation.":[14],"However,":[15],"its":[16,21,48],"performance":[17],"is":[18,27,51],"sensitive":[19],"to":[20,43,79,107,120],"prior":[23],"target":[24,31,83,125,146,165],"knowledge,":[25],"which":[26,54],"significantly":[28,142],"affected":[29],"by":[30,90],"background":[32],"(BKG).":[33],"To":[34],"resolve":[35],"this":[36,38],"issue,":[37],"article":[39],"develops":[40],"three":[41],"approaches":[42],"extend":[44],"OSP":[45,110,123,134,144],"improving":[47],"performance.":[49],"One":[50],"sphering":[53,117,139],"can":[55],"suppress":[56],"BKG":[57,81,101,128,149],"via":[58,102],"removing":[59],"the":[60,91,103],"first-":[61],"and":[62,74,82,94,98,118,127,140,148,151],"second-order":[63],"statistics.":[65],"Another":[66],"takes":[67],"advantage":[68],"of":[69],"a":[70,157],"recently":[71],"developed":[72],"low-rank":[73,92,104],"sparse":[75,95],"matrix":[76,93],"decomposition":[77],"(LRaSMD)":[78],"separate":[80],"signal":[84],"sources":[85],"two":[87],"subspaces":[88],"characterized":[89],"matrix,":[96,105],"respectively,":[97],"then":[99],"annihilates":[100],"referred":[106],"as":[108,154,156],"BKG-annihilated":[109],"(BA-OSP).":[111],"A":[112],"third":[113],"approach":[114],"combines":[115],"LRaSMD":[119,141],"further":[121],"improve":[122],"over":[124],"detectability":[126],"suppressibility.":[129],"Experiments":[130],"show":[131],"that":[132],"implementing":[133],"conjunction":[136],"with":[137],"improves":[143],"detection":[147],"suppression,":[150],"also":[152],"performs":[153],"well":[155],"constrained":[160],"energy":[161],"minimization":[162],"(CEM)-based":[163],"subpixel":[164],"detection.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
