{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3088720182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3022772","title":"Mapping Sandy Land Using the New Sand Differential Emissivity Index From Thermal Infrared Emissivity Data","display_name":"Mapping Sandy Land Using the New Sand Differential Emissivity Index From Thermal Infrared Emissivity Data","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3088720182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3022772","mag":"3088720182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2020.3022772","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3022772","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416663","display_name":"Shanshan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2807-9606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shanshan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and Its Application, Peking University, Beijing, China","Geographic Information System Technology Innovation Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China","Institute of Remote and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and Its Application, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geographic Information System Technology Innovation Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081742589","display_name":"Huazhong Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-308X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huazhong Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and Its Application, Peking University, Beijing, China","Geographic Information System Technology Innovation Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China","Institute of Remote and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and Its Application, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geographic Information System Technology Innovation Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053226762","display_name":"Rongyuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1133-6576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799486974","display_name":"China Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/04wtq2305","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongyuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104185983","display_name":"Yunzhu Tao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunzhu Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and Its Application, Peking University, Beijing, China","Geographic Information System Technology Innovation Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China","Institute of Remote and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and Its Application, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geographic Information System Technology Innovation Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013040225","display_name":"Yitong Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yitong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and Its Application, Peking University, Beijing, China","Geographic Information System Technology Innovation Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China","Institute of Remote and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and Its Application, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geographic Information System Technology Innovation Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100778698","display_name":"Hongcheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2451-5204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134214","display_name":"Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology","ror":"https://ror.org/046qx3a23","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134214"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongcheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134214"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100416663"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9727,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72673682,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"7","first_page":"5464","last_page":"5478"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emissivity","display_name":"Emissivity","score":0.9327645897865295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6517244577407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5090181827545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.42867153882980347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.3353119492530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.27310824394226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14955392479896545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.06253021955490112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163651212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899670","display_name":"Emissivity","level":2,"score":0.9327645897865295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6517244577407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5090181827545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.42867153882980347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.3353119492530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.27310824394226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14955392479896545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.06253021955490112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2020.3022772","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3022772","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4890321470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFB0503905-05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8233805494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41771369","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114697379","https://openalex.org/W1574031902","https://openalex.org/W1776244730","https://openalex.org/W1892481930","https://openalex.org/W1967246623","https://openalex.org/W1967782666","https://openalex.org/W1971911208","https://openalex.org/W1975732897","https://openalex.org/W1978248496","https://openalex.org/W1981879104","https://openalex.org/W1984580108","https://openalex.org/W1985688288","https://openalex.org/W1993814208","https://openalex.org/W2001549585","https://openalex.org/W2003032218","https://openalex.org/W2011443262","https://openalex.org/W2016850795","https://openalex.org/W2019754483","https://openalex.org/W2024929776","https://openalex.org/W2025918339","https://openalex.org/W2026672450","https://openalex.org/W2027620944","https://openalex.org/W2028949458","https://openalex.org/W2037524467","https://openalex.org/W2038921980","https://openalex.org/W2043359577","https://openalex.org/W2049182348","https://openalex.org/W2053621950","https://openalex.org/W2059308304","https://openalex.org/W2060422749","https://openalex.org/W2063626172","https://openalex.org/W2076848864","https://openalex.org/W2083699099","https://openalex.org/W2084457802","https://openalex.org/W2086916637","https://openalex.org/W2089081034","https://openalex.org/W2091397530","https://openalex.org/W2101507827","https://openalex.org/W2105828998","https://openalex.org/W2111033638","https://openalex.org/W2117698578","https://openalex.org/W2130807196","https://openalex.org/W2134825572","https://openalex.org/W2136253503","https://openalex.org/W2151617345","https://openalex.org/W2169447826","https://openalex.org/W2224933948","https://openalex.org/W2293627385","https://openalex.org/W2332123269","https://openalex.org/W2391844697","https://openalex.org/W2551174840","https://openalex.org/W2765749944","https://openalex.org/W2790978721","https://openalex.org/W2802073545","https://openalex.org/W2802846295","https://openalex.org/W2811217309","https://openalex.org/W2811284901","https://openalex.org/W2901557046","https://openalex.org/W2910908684","https://openalex.org/W2920254659","https://openalex.org/W3020925109","https://openalex.org/W4231148046","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6604704792"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068804904","https://openalex.org/W2080140811","https://openalex.org/W2899172485","https://openalex.org/W2326191128","https://openalex.org/W1996544059","https://openalex.org/W2294087764","https://openalex.org/W4237339516","https://openalex.org/W2039406532","https://openalex.org/W2391376341","https://openalex.org/W2972846275"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"On":[0],"the":[1,4,21,79,97,129,133,137,145,154,160,178],"basis":[2],"of":[3,7,59,82,117,124,180],"spectral":[5],"shape":[6],"thermal":[8,51],"infrared":[9],"(TIR)":[10],"emissivity":[11,24,52,94],"for":[12],"sandy":[13,37,60,66,104,134,157,161],"land,":[14],"a":[15,114,120,141,150],"remote":[16],"sensing":[17],"sand":[18,22],"index":[19,25],"called":[20],"differential":[23],"(SDEI)":[26],"is":[27,44],"proposed":[28],"in":[29,65,78,102,128,136,153,164,185],"this":[30],"article":[31],"to":[32,90,95,108],"simply":[33],"and":[34,49,54,62,87,100,119,132,149],"conveniently":[35],"detect":[36],"land":[38,61,67,92,105,135,162],"over":[39,144],"large":[40],"areas.":[41],"The":[42,73,110],"SDEI":[43,74],"evaluated":[45,77],"on":[46],"ground,":[47],"airborne,":[48],"spaceborne":[50],"data,":[53],"it":[55],"shows":[56],"good":[57],"characterization":[58],"performs":[63],"better":[64],"identification":[68],"than":[69],"two":[70],"previous":[71],"indices.":[72],"was":[75,88],"also":[76],"transition":[80,130,138],"zones":[81],"China's":[83,103],"four":[84],"mega-sandy":[85],"lands":[86],"applied":[89],"long-term":[91],"surface":[93],"obtain":[96],"spatial":[98],"distribution":[99],"variation":[101],"from":[106],"2000":[107],"2016.":[109],"findings":[111],"showed":[112],"that":[113,184],"mean":[115,121],"accuracy":[116],"96%":[118],"kappa":[122],"coefficient":[123],"0.83":[125],"were":[126],"obtained":[127],"zones,":[131],"zone":[139],"exhibited":[140],"decreasing":[142],"trend":[143],"past":[146],"17":[147],"years":[148],"significant":[151],"decline":[152],"Mu":[155],"Us":[156],"land.":[158],"Meanwhile,":[159],"area":[163],"China":[165],"decreased":[166],"by":[167,177],"3.6\u00d710":[168],"<sup":[169,173],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[170,174],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">4</sup>":[171],"km":[172],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[175],"(1.53%)":[176],"end":[179],"2016":[181],"compared":[182],"with":[183],"early":[186],"2000.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
