{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3079597537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3015087","title":"EM-EOF: Gap-Filling in Incomplete SAR Displacement Time Series","display_name":"EM-EOF: Gap-Filling in Incomplete SAR Displacement Time Series","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3079597537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3015087","mag":"3079597537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2020.3015087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3015087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037478039","display_name":"Alexandre Hippert-Ferrer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-5415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70900168","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqg1a07","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70900168"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexandre Hippert-Ferrer","raw_affiliation_strings":["LISTIC, Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont-Blanc, Annecy, France","Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISTIC, Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont-Blanc, Annecy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70900168"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049626483","display_name":"Yajing Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2897-2317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70900168","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqg1a07","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70900168"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yajing Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["LISTIC, Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont-Blanc, Annecy, France","Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISTIC, Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont-Blanc, Annecy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70900168"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113505228","display_name":"Philippe Bolon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70900168","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqg1a07","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70900168"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philippe Bolon","raw_affiliation_strings":["LISTIC, Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont-Blanc, Annecy, France","Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISTIC, Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont-Blanc, Annecy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70900168"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037478039"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I70900168"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0527,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75940512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"7","first_page":"5794","last_page":"5811"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.6520025730133057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6015501022338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.5254910588264465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance","display_name":"Covariance","score":0.5063587427139282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4870360493659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4626883268356323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.4467132091522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.42880794405937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-orthogonal-functions","display_name":"Empirical orthogonal functions","score":0.42595335841178894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4172334671020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.29884856939315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.24206772446632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.11463660001754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07852435111999512}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.6520025730133057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6015501022338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.5254910588264465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.5063587427139282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4870360493659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4626883268356323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.4467132091522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.42880794405937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13724139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3042818","display_name":"Empirical orthogonal functions","level":2,"score":0.42595335841178894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4172334671020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29884856939315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24206772446632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11463660001754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07852435111999512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2020.3015087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3015087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03270699v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03270699","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922466","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2021, 59 (7), pp.5794-5811. &#x27E8;10.1109/TGRS.2020.3015087&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524247963","https://openalex.org/W1562576788","https://openalex.org/W1655403841","https://openalex.org/W1664171571","https://openalex.org/W1979988730","https://openalex.org/W2012471223","https://openalex.org/W2020255416","https://openalex.org/W2021494835","https://openalex.org/W2024523255","https://openalex.org/W2025727209","https://openalex.org/W2029122568","https://openalex.org/W2044758663","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2080406989","https://openalex.org/W2083733711","https://openalex.org/W2096427881","https://openalex.org/W2100358124","https://openalex.org/W2116659053","https://openalex.org/W2151238122","https://openalex.org/W2166361350","https://openalex.org/W2167853664","https://openalex.org/W2169613577","https://openalex.org/W2172729940","https://openalex.org/W2174160981","https://openalex.org/W2175808424","https://openalex.org/W2176051287","https://openalex.org/W2176494706","https://openalex.org/W2230084563","https://openalex.org/W2338262016","https://openalex.org/W2347060746","https://openalex.org/W2553175785","https://openalex.org/W2766098680","https://openalex.org/W2788008270","https://openalex.org/W2892681049","https://openalex.org/W2897600721","https://openalex.org/W2962988625","https://openalex.org/W2963893933","https://openalex.org/W2964271297","https://openalex.org/W3099527008","https://openalex.org/W3102592607","https://openalex.org/W3103964896","https://openalex.org/W3197494818"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4282946448","https://openalex.org/W2020736459","https://openalex.org/W2088042962","https://openalex.org/W2084871150","https://openalex.org/W2037760039","https://openalex.org/W2281366115","https://openalex.org/W2144853430","https://openalex.org/W2059480819","https://openalex.org/W2547515592","https://openalex.org/W2339049656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"iterative":[1,98],"method,":[2],"namely":[3],"expectation":[4],"maximization-empirical":[5],"orthogonal":[6],"functions":[7],"(EM-EOF)":[8],"is":[9,173],"proposed":[10],"for":[11],"the":[12,30,45,51,59,69,85,93,105,114,124,129,153,156,202,223,233,242],"first":[13,120],"time":[14,25,37,60,179,189,199,243],"to":[15,57,80,113,122,151,158,175,212,227],"retrieve":[16,228],"missing":[17,67,101,109,229],"values":[18,102],"in":[19,92,128,232],"synthetic":[20,216],"aperture":[21],"radar":[22],"(SAR)":[23],"displacement":[24,35,133,177],"series.":[26,61],"This":[27],"method":[28,71,157],"decomposes":[29],"temporal":[31],"covariance":[32],"of":[33,54,66,84,88,100,108,126,131,139,155,163,167,225,235,241],"a":[34,74,144,206],"measurement":[36,178],"series":[38,180,190,200],"into":[39],"different":[40,137],"EOF":[41,55,89],"modes":[42,56,90],"by":[43],"solving":[44],"eigenvalue":[46],"problem,":[47],"and":[48,95,136,141,143,165,169,193,196,218,245,249],"then":[49],"selects":[50],"optimal":[52,86],"number":[53,87],"reconstruct":[58],"After":[62],"an":[63,82,97],"appropriate":[64],"initialization":[65],"values,":[68,230],"EM-EOF":[70,127,172,226],"performs:":[72],"1)":[73],"cross-validation":[75],"root-mean-square":[76],"error":[77,146],"(cross-RMSE)":[78],"minimization":[79],"find":[81],"estimate":[83,107],"used":[91],"reconstruction":[94],"2)":[96],"update":[99],"which":[103],"gives":[104],"best":[106],"data":[110,220,237],"points":[111],"according":[112],"cross-RMSE.":[115],"Synthetic":[116],"simulations":[117,217],"have":[118],"been":[119,149],"performed":[121],"highlight":[123],"efficiency":[125],"case":[130],"various":[132],"signal":[134],"complexities":[135],"types":[138],"noise":[140,168,248],"gaps,":[142,164,238],"thorough":[145],"analysis":[147],"has":[148],"conducted":[150],"determine":[152],"sensitivity":[154],"signal-to-noise":[159],"ratio":[160],"(SNR),":[161],"quantity":[162],"type":[166],"gaps.":[170,250],"Then,":[171],"applied":[174],"three":[176],"computed":[181],"from":[182,209],"Sentinel-1":[183],"A/B":[184],"SAR":[185],"images:":[186],"two":[187],"interferograms":[188],"over":[191,201],"Gorner":[192],"Miage":[194],"glaciers,":[195],"one":[197],"offset":[198],"Argenti\u00e8re":[203],"Glacier":[204],"covering":[205],"period":[207],"extending":[208],"September":[210],"2016":[211],"December":[213],"2017.":[214],"Both":[215],"real":[219],"applications":[221],"demonstrate":[222],"ability":[224],"even":[231],"cases":[234],"frequent":[236],"limited":[239],"size":[240],"series,":[244],"spatio-temporally":[246],"correlated":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T08:43:22.919905","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
