{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3048838410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3011589","title":"Ground Cartesian Back-Projection Algorithm for High Squint Diving TOPS SAR Imaging","display_name":"Ground Cartesian Back-Projection Algorithm for High Squint Diving TOPS SAR Imaging","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3048838410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3011589","mag":"3048838410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2020.3011589","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3011589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023108164","display_name":"Xiaoxiang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3171-9945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxiang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3171-9945","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076178410","display_name":"Guang\u2010Cai Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6482-0863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang-Cai Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6482-0863","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021408538","display_name":"Mengdao Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-0915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengdao Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-0915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100772381","display_name":"Boyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1471-3100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1471-3100","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101630794","display_name":"Jun Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3717-5077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geomatics, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geomatics, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102927094","display_name":"Zheng Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-7644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":49.2765,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99605727,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"7","first_page":"5812","last_page":"5827"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6655586957931519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6590394377708435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartesian-coordinate-system","display_name":"Cartesian coordinate system","score":0.6296578645706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.5844932794570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5770729780197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5513021945953369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.49445319175720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4835969805717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.4725106656551361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.45189595222473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aliasing","display_name":"Aliasing","score":0.4471372961997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.32034459710121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3061302900314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.26255831122398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22248560190200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.18602851033210754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.16932430863380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.10930177569389343}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6655586957931519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6590394377708435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16038011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62912","display_name":"Cartesian coordinate system","level":2,"score":0.6296578645706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.5844932794570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5770729780197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.5513021945953369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.49445319175720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4835969805717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4725106656551361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.45189595222473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4069607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868732","display_name":"Aliasing","level":3,"score":0.4471372961997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.32034459710121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3061302900314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.26255831122398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22248560190200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.18602851033210754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.16932430863380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.10930177569389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2020.3011589","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.3011589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G101303034","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC0825804","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5505923119","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61825105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336125","funder_display_name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336125","display_name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966775605","https://openalex.org/W1974386578","https://openalex.org/W1981546716","https://openalex.org/W1991540602","https://openalex.org/W2015288309","https://openalex.org/W2024432495","https://openalex.org/W2054086221","https://openalex.org/W2068281797","https://openalex.org/W2075543610","https://openalex.org/W2098618434","https://openalex.org/W2110800338","https://openalex.org/W2120109624","https://openalex.org/W2138038546","https://openalex.org/W2138863700","https://openalex.org/W2146233530","https://openalex.org/W2148498238","https://openalex.org/W2154388816","https://openalex.org/W2166520308","https://openalex.org/W2245827188","https://openalex.org/W2330565001","https://openalex.org/W2539647085","https://openalex.org/W2548917337","https://openalex.org/W2599776333","https://openalex.org/W2740900343","https://openalex.org/W2753771140","https://openalex.org/W2774631565","https://openalex.org/W2794363235","https://openalex.org/W2801861740","https://openalex.org/W2802527090","https://openalex.org/W2906201005","https://openalex.org/W2944927189","https://openalex.org/W2984897910","https://openalex.org/W6681494819","https://openalex.org/W6681951444","https://openalex.org/W6728926161"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2996630340","https://openalex.org/W2540450177","https://openalex.org/W2170580735","https://openalex.org/W1552305638","https://openalex.org/W1915418828","https://openalex.org/W2547107543","https://openalex.org/W2545123933","https://openalex.org/W2031673444","https://openalex.org/W1994788526","https://openalex.org/W2613451563"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,16],"fast":[4],"back-projection":[5],"(BP)":[6],"algorithm":[7,87],"based":[8],"on":[9],"subaperture":[10],"(SA)":[11],"image":[12,62,96],"coherent":[13],"combination":[14],"in":[15,92],"downsampled":[17],"Cartesian":[18],"coordinate":[19],"grid":[20],"for":[21],"high":[22],"squint":[23],"diving":[24],"terrain":[25],"observation":[26],"by":[27,53],"progressive":[28],"scans":[29],"(HSD-TOPS)":[30],"synthetic":[31],"aperture":[32],"radar":[33],"(SAR)":[34],"ground":[35],"plane":[36],"imaging.":[37],"A":[38],"two-step":[39],"spectrum":[40,72,83],"compression":[41],"(SC)":[42],"method":[43,111],"is":[44,67,112],"proposed":[45,86,132],"to":[46,69,114],"coherently":[47],"combine":[48],"the":[49,55,58,61,71,81,93,100,103,106,109,116,119,128,131],"aliasing":[50],"SA":[51],"images":[52],"exploiting":[54],"relationship":[56],"between":[57],"wavenumber":[59],"and":[60,102,123],"frequency.":[63],"The":[64,76,85],"first-step":[65],"SC":[66,78,110],"introduced":[68],"align":[70],"support":[73],"region":[74],"centers.":[75],"second-step":[77],"effectively":[79],"corrects":[80],"space-variant":[82],"inclination.":[84],"does":[88],"not":[89],"need":[90],"interpolation":[91],"process":[94],"of":[95,105,118,130],"combination,":[97],"which":[98],"ensures":[99],"accuracy":[101],"efficiency":[104],"algorithm.":[107],"Furthermore,":[108],"well-modified":[113],"suppress":[115],"sidelobes":[117],"focused":[120],"image.":[121],"Simulation":[122],"measured":[124],"data":[125],"processing":[126],"verify":[127],"effectiveness":[129],"method.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}