{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3028984951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.2993861","title":"Theoretical Study on Microwave Scattering Mechanisms of Sea Surfaces Covered With and Without Oil Film for Incidence Angle Smaller Than 30\u00b0","display_name":"Theoretical Study on Microwave Scattering Mechanisms of Sea Surfaces Covered With and Without Oil Film for Incidence Angle Smaller Than 30\u00b0","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3028984951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.2993861","mag":"3028984951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2020.2993861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.2993861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ensta.hal.science/hal-03126988","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032913245","display_name":"Honglei Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8443-4687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Honglei Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436722","display_name":"Jie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-7783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100623323","display_name":"Yanmin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7337-9467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanmin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081231257","display_name":"Ali Khenchaf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8791-0768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161929037","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bretagne Occidentale","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8h3982","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161929037"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123702","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l\u2019Information de la Communication et de la Connaissance","ror":"https://ror.org/0266kfd37","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I180375564","https://openalex.org/I201181511","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I2802204017","https://openalex.org/I4210123702","https://openalex.org/I4210127572","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4210148559","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4405260085"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148559","display_name":"\u00c9cole nationale sup\u00e9rieure de techniques avanc\u00e9es Bretagne","ror":"https://ror.org/059n54003","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201181511","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4210148559"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Khenchaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lab-STICC, UMR CNRS 6285, ENSTA Bretagne, Brest, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab-STICC, UMR CNRS 6285, ENSTA Bretagne, Brest, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123702","https://openalex.org/I4210148559","https://openalex.org/I161929037","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101723124","display_name":"Yunhua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4770-3753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunhua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032913245"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1587,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75625771,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10647","display_name":"Coastal and Marine Dynamics","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specular-reflection","display_name":"Specular reflection","score":0.9168627262115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.8904204964637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5825884342193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.5364322066307068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incidence","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","score":0.4601908028125763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.45262452960014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4378964900970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.4220965504646301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.39352840185165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09180289506912231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07754635810852051}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118381688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079524","display_name":"Specular reflection","level":2,"score":0.9168627262115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.8904204964637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5825884342193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.5364322066307068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4601908028125763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.45262452960014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4378964900970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.4220965504646301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.39352840185165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09180289506912231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07754635810852051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2020.2993861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2020.2993861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03126988v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ensta.hal.science/hal-03126988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2021, 59 (1), pp.37-46. &#x27E8;10.1109/TGRS.2020.2993861&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03126988v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ensta.hal.science/hal-03126988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2021, 59 (1), pp.37-46. &#x27E8;10.1109/TGRS.2020.2993861&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4137782585","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41576170","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6882295000","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41776182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7862965136","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC1405600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W574301422","https://openalex.org/W1570381226","https://openalex.org/W1869709786","https://openalex.org/W1897514054","https://openalex.org/W1928522017","https://openalex.org/W1964789258","https://openalex.org/W1973178306","https://openalex.org/W1973452628","https://openalex.org/W1974172230","https://openalex.org/W1980298832","https://openalex.org/W1983216033","https://openalex.org/W1987210832","https://openalex.org/W1989436788","https://openalex.org/W1992261808","https://openalex.org/W1996171359","https://openalex.org/W2005169103","https://openalex.org/W2005902297","https://openalex.org/W2010086826","https://openalex.org/W2019233916","https://openalex.org/W2031481546","https://openalex.org/W2037088395","https://openalex.org/W2057053731","https://openalex.org/W2057733676","https://openalex.org/W2059377683","https://openalex.org/W2060172013","https://openalex.org/W2072858605","https://openalex.org/W2075828063","https://openalex.org/W2081859028","https://openalex.org/W2085647509","https://openalex.org/W2097316560","https://openalex.org/W2100807107","https://openalex.org/W2104894792","https://openalex.org/W2105572471","https://openalex.org/W2108395474","https://openalex.org/W2111014106","https://openalex.org/W2120123475","https://openalex.org/W2126369707","https://openalex.org/W2129674450","https://openalex.org/W2151786616","https://openalex.org/W2164827310","https://openalex.org/W2533734199","https://openalex.org/W2611496640","https://openalex.org/W2766169957","https://openalex.org/W2786586761","https://openalex.org/W2791573075","https://openalex.org/W2887692800","https://openalex.org/W2903018598","https://openalex.org/W2949639424","https://openalex.org/W3178492830","https://openalex.org/W4230706581","https://openalex.org/W4230912018"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389501116","https://openalex.org/W2559833131","https://openalex.org/W2730225583","https://openalex.org/W4393899117","https://openalex.org/W2175900582","https://openalex.org/W4388910335","https://openalex.org/W2416230169","https://openalex.org/W1630720736","https://openalex.org/W3036296822","https://openalex.org/W1498268793"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,145],"article":[1,146],"is":[2,30,48,101],"devoted":[3],"to":[4,32,50,75,96,110,118,177],"investigating":[5],"the":[6,39,44,51,59,66,77,112,125,129,155,168],"microwave":[7,158],"scattering":[8,78,83,95,98,126,159],"mechanisms":[9,160],"of":[10,53,69,114,124,154,157,171],"oil-free":[11,35,162],"and":[12,65,84,128,140,163],"oil-covered":[13,55,164],"sea":[14,36,56,165],"surfaces":[15,166],"for":[16,150],"an":[17,34,54],"incidence":[18,132,172],"angle":[19],"smaller":[20],"than":[21],"30\u00b0":[22],"in":[23,103,167],"a":[24,89,151],"backscattering":[25],"configuration.":[26],"The":[27,122],"Elfouhaily":[28,40],"spectrum":[29,41],"used":[31,109],"simulate":[33,76],"surface,":[37],"whereas":[38],"combined":[42],"with":[43],"Jenkins":[45],"damping":[46],"model":[47],"applied":[49],"simulation":[52],"surface.":[57],"Then,":[58],"Kirchhoff":[60],"approximation-stationary":[61],"phase":[62],"approximation":[63,71],"(KA-SP)":[64],"first":[67],"order":[68],"small-slope":[70],"(SSA-1)":[72],"are":[73,143],"employed":[74],"coefficients":[79],"induced":[80],"by":[81],"specular":[82,94,115],"total":[85,97,119],"scattering,":[86],"respectively.":[87],"Importantly,":[88],"new":[90,148],"parameter":[91],"defined":[92],"as":[93],"ratio":[99,113],"(STR)":[100],"proposed":[102],"this":[104],"article,":[105],"which":[106],"can":[107],"be":[108],"measure":[111],"backscattered":[116,120],"power":[117],"power.":[121],"dependencies":[123],"coefficient":[127],"STR":[130],"on":[131],"angles,":[133],"wind":[134,136],"speeds,":[135],"directions,":[137],"oil":[138],"thicknesses,":[139],"so":[141],"on,":[142],"investigated.":[144],"provides":[147],"insights":[149],"better":[152],"understanding":[153],"evolution":[156],"from":[161],"transition":[169],"region":[170],"angles":[173],"(from":[174],"about":[175],"15\u00b0":[176],"30\u00b0).":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
