{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2949348053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2019.2917717","title":"Refocusing and Zoom-In Polar Format Algorithm for Curvilinear Spotlight SAR Imaging on Arbitrary Region of Interest","display_name":"Refocusing and Zoom-In Polar Format Algorithm for Curvilinear Spotlight SAR Imaging on Arbitrary Region of Interest","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2949348053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2019.2917717","mag":"2949348053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2019.2917717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2019.2917717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064794824","display_name":"Ruizhi Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8773-4469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruizhi Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8773-4469","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371539","display_name":"Xiaolong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8460-5039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8460-5039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027037826","display_name":"Tat\u2010Soon Yeo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0314-1621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tat Soon Yeo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0314-1621","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101841177","display_name":"Yue Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0051-0310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090292044","display_name":"Cheng Chi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8686-5993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Chi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Acoustic Research Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Acoustic Research Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000672090","display_name":"Feng Zuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3047-5811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Zuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3047-5811","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018681138","display_name":"Xianyang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6656-6977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianyang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6656-6977","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076476995","display_name":"Yiming Pi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5176-7901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Pi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":38.644,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99455406,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"10","first_page":"7995","last_page":"8010"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5889149904251099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5852370262145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5811976790428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoom","display_name":"Zoom","score":0.5622727274894714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5002799034118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.48759928345680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.48476189374923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.44365549087524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-registration","display_name":"Image registration","score":0.41961175203323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","score":0.41653287410736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.28601402044296265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.24399006366729736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1581437587738037}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5889149904251099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5852370262145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5811976790428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124913957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1232548","display_name":"Zoom","level":3,"score":0.5622727274894714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5002799034118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.48759928345680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.48476189374923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.44365549087524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166704113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861092","display_name":"Image registration","level":3,"score":0.41961175203323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75172450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623950","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.41653287410736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.28601402044296265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.24399006366729736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1581437587738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2019.2917717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2019.2917717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1780307051","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61801085","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8285655353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOE2016-T2-1-070","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01kcva023"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W70332990","https://openalex.org/W1527747735","https://openalex.org/W1561562988","https://openalex.org/W1575617751","https://openalex.org/W1967173056","https://openalex.org/W1988919411","https://openalex.org/W2012300893","https://openalex.org/W2013401918","https://openalex.org/W2017012174","https://openalex.org/W2042706080","https://openalex.org/W2069848729","https://openalex.org/W2073683053","https://openalex.org/W2094530942","https://openalex.org/W2097615965","https://openalex.org/W2098618434","https://openalex.org/W2101211288","https://openalex.org/W2101961721","https://openalex.org/W2117631204","https://openalex.org/W2120024360","https://openalex.org/W2124912541","https://openalex.org/W2125856058","https://openalex.org/W2138863700","https://openalex.org/W2140580419","https://openalex.org/W2143700746","https://openalex.org/W2159764512","https://openalex.org/W2342560438","https://openalex.org/W2511116832","https://openalex.org/W2588654369","https://openalex.org/W2604246708","https://openalex.org/W2609289109","https://openalex.org/W2613579173","https://openalex.org/W2773828237","https://openalex.org/W2808113473","https://openalex.org/W2902231903","https://openalex.org/W2907145049","https://openalex.org/W6602852008","https://openalex.org/W6756911860"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2788595494","https://openalex.org/W2244676099","https://openalex.org/W3172556642","https://openalex.org/W3157456843","https://openalex.org/W1990150827","https://openalex.org/W1969377631","https://openalex.org/W1621465135","https://openalex.org/W1554234479","https://openalex.org/W1855751840","https://openalex.org/W2323025787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"conventional":[1],"polar":[2,38],"format":[3,39],"algorithm":[4],"(PFA),":[5],"because":[6],"of":[7,61,72,155,188,207,246],"the":[8,15,18,29,73,80,100,108,110,124,137,142,145,175,178,220,244,247],"image":[9,56,102],"distortion":[10,88,126],"and":[11,36,95,114,127,144,239],"defocus":[12,129],"caused":[13],"by":[14,68],"plane-wave":[16],"assumption,":[17],"effective":[19],"imaging":[20,49,148,181,217,230],"scene":[21],"is":[22,66,103,139,158,166,195,233],"bounded":[23],"to":[24,79,160,227],"a":[25,69,162,204],"small":[26,205],"region":[27,60,112,116],"near":[28],"reference":[30],"point.":[31,83],"In":[32],"this":[33],"paper,":[34],"refocusing":[35,65,82],"zoom-in":[37,147,180],"algorithms":[40,222],"(RZPFAs)":[41],"for":[42,57],"curvilinear":[43],"spotlight":[44],"synthetic":[45],"aperture":[46],"radar":[47],"(SAR)":[48],"are":[50,118,130],"proposed,":[51],"which":[52,123,165,194],"can":[53,213,223],"produce":[54],"refocused":[55,87,101],"an":[58],"arbitrary":[59],"interest":[62],"(ROI).":[63],"First,":[64],"implemented":[67],"phase":[70],"compensation":[71],"already":[74],"dechirped":[75],"signal":[76],"with":[77],"respect":[78],"new":[81],"The":[84,237],"relation":[85],"[named":[86],"mapping":[89],"(RDM)]":[90],"between":[91],"targets'":[92],"actual":[93],"locations":[94,98],"their":[96],"reconstructed":[97],"in":[99],"then":[104],"derived.":[105],"Based":[106],"on":[107,150,170,183,199],"RDM,":[109],"distortion-negligible":[111],"(DiR)":[113],"defocus-negligible":[115],"(DeR)":[117],"defined":[119],"as":[120],"extents":[121],"within":[122,140],"residual":[125,128],"less":[131],"than":[132,210,235],"some":[133],"preselected":[134],"thresholds.":[135],"When":[136],"ROI":[138,176,232],"both":[141],"DiR":[143],"DeR,":[146],"based":[149,169,182,198],"nonuniform":[151,184],"fast":[152,185],"Fourier":[153,186],"transform":[154,187],"type-1":[156],"(NuFFT-1)":[157],"sufficient":[159],"form":[161],"desired":[163],"image,":[164],"named":[167,196],"RZPFA":[168,197],"NuFFT-1":[171],"(RZPFA-1).":[172],"However,":[173],"when":[174],"exceeds":[177],"DiR,":[179],"type-3":[189],"(NuFFT-3)":[190],"should":[191],"be":[192,225],"selected,":[193],"NuFFT-3":[200],"(RZPFA-3).":[201],"With":[202],"just":[203],"amount":[206],"extra":[208],"computation":[209],"RZPFA-1,":[211],"RZPFA-3":[212],"realize":[214],"pixel-based":[215],"quasi-orthorectified":[216],"directly.":[218],"Besides,":[219],"proposed":[221,248],"also":[224],"extended":[226],"wide-area":[228],"persistent":[229],"where":[231],"larger":[234],"DeR.":[236],"simulation":[238],"real":[240],"data":[241],"results":[242],"demonstrate":[243],"effectiveness":[245],"algorithms.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
