{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2902640376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2878338","title":"A Field Assessment of a Rain Estimation System Based on Satellite-to-Earth Microwave Links","display_name":"A Field Assessment of a Rain Estimation System Based on Satellite-to-Earth Microwave Links","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2902640376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2878338","mag":"2902640376"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2018.2878338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2878338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081618381","display_name":"Matteo Colli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-4827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Colli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-4827","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046311266","display_name":"Mattia Stagnaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4661-7677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129510","display_name":"Xellia (Croatia)","ror":"https://ror.org/03dkej307","country_code":"HR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129510"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["HR","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Stagnaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["WMO-CIMO Lead Center “B.Castelli” on Precipitation Intensity, Genoa, Italy","Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4661-7677","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WMO-CIMO Lead Center “B.Castelli” on Precipitation Intensity, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129510"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083785321","display_name":"Andrea Caridi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Caridi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artys srl, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artys srl, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071603771","display_name":"Luca G. Lanza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5874-0357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129510","display_name":"Xellia (Croatia)","ror":"https://ror.org/03dkej307","country_code":"HR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129510"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["HR","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca G. Lanza","raw_affiliation_strings":["WMO-CIMO Lead Center “B.Castelli” on Precipitation Intensity, Genoa, Italy","Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5874-0357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WMO-CIMO Lead Center “B.Castelli” on Precipitation Intensity, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129510"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068148710","display_name":"Andrea Randazzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-462X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Randazzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-462X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049770689","display_name":"Matteo Pastorino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4926-7358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Pastorino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4926-7358","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059271285","display_name":"Daniele D. Caviglia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-1869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele D. Caviglia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-1869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053568784","display_name":"Alessandro Delucchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-4691"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Delucchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artys srl, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-4691","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artys srl, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081618381"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79237205,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"5","first_page":"2864","last_page":"2875"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7466635704040527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.6590102910995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.6224855184555054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.6147942543029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5899724364280701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5647464990615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5496859550476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rain-gauge","display_name":"Rain gauge","score":0.4686794877052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-transmission","display_name":"Microwave transmission","score":0.4500548839569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4417416751384735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.36977237462997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.24219265580177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2115997076034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1854911744594574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.12140604853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08691251277923584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7466635704040527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.6590102910995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.6224855184555054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6147942543029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5899724364280701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5647464990615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5496859550476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120961793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190052","display_name":"Rain gauge","level":3,"score":0.4686794877052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1705053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747066","display_name":"Microwave transmission","level":3,"score":0.4500548839569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4417416751384735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.36977237462997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.24219265580177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2115997076034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1854911744594574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12140604853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08691251277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2018.2878338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2878338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unige.it:11567/933025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11567/933025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196291","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","host_organization_name":"University of Genoa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1647572132","https://openalex.org/W1976845822","https://openalex.org/W1985479415","https://openalex.org/W1989182011","https://openalex.org/W2023139332","https://openalex.org/W2068997972","https://openalex.org/W2081556096","https://openalex.org/W2088170334","https://openalex.org/W2106038170","https://openalex.org/W2133213926","https://openalex.org/W2166460224","https://openalex.org/W2166601319","https://openalex.org/W2168154726","https://openalex.org/W2176209719","https://openalex.org/W2326801594","https://openalex.org/W2404257076","https://openalex.org/W2519437570","https://openalex.org/W2537933454","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W7015629755"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2682229","https://openalex.org/W2055388886","https://openalex.org/W2101835370","https://openalex.org/W2049115422","https://openalex.org/W2547935131","https://openalex.org/W2038189567","https://openalex.org/W2048079595","https://openalex.org/W2246866563","https://openalex.org/W2108565752","https://openalex.org/W1913969156"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,7,25,51,66,81,91,99,116,133,136,140,148,161,181,198,203,209,217,229,237,242,245],"results":[4,192],"obtained":[5],"by":[6,23,33,126,154,220,235],"application":[8],"of":[9,27,53,90,118,139,147,180,188,244],"an":[10,156],"innovative":[11],"environmental":[12],"monitoring":[13],"technique":[14],"able":[15],"to":[16,50,80,169,211],"estimate":[17],"rainfall":[18,122,205],"intensity":[19,123],"in":[20,115],"real":[21],"time":[22,238],"processing":[24],"attenuation":[26,201],"microwave":[28,141,182,199,218],"satellite":[29,38],"link":[30],"signal":[31,183,200],"measured":[32],"low":[34],"cost":[35],"sensors.":[36],"The":[37,144,173,191,226],"that":[39],"has":[40],"been":[41,164],"used":[42],"during":[43],"our":[44],"work,":[45],"Turksat":[46],"42\u00b0":[47],"E,":[48],"belongs":[49],"plethora":[52],"satellites":[54],"operating":[55],"for":[56,135,248],"television":[57],"and":[58,77,160,202,207,241],"radio":[59,73],"channel":[60],"broadcasting.":[61],"Each":[62],"sensor":[63],"exploits":[64],"off":[65],"shelf":[67],"components,":[68],"is":[69,233],"equipped":[70,106],"with":[71,93,107,166],"a":[72,84,94,177,186,194,222],"frequency":[74,243],"power-measuring":[75],"unit,":[76],"provides":[78],"connectivity":[79],"server":[82],"over":[83],"wide":[85],"area":[86],"network.":[87],"A":[88],"validation":[89],"approach":[92],"field":[95],"comparison":[96,227],"experiment":[97],"at":[98],"urban":[100],"scale,":[101],"comprising":[102],"three":[103],"measurement":[104],"sites":[105],"such":[108],"sensors,":[109],"was":[110,151],"established":[111],"since":[112],"autumn":[113],"2016":[114],"municipality":[117],"Genoa,":[119],"Italy.":[120],"Point-scale":[121],"measurements":[124,162],"made":[125],"two":[127],"calibrated":[128],"tipping-bucket":[129],"rain":[130,149,214,246],"gauges":[131,150],"constitute":[132],"reference":[134,204],"comparative":[137],"analysis":[138],"sensors":[142],"performance.":[143],"dynamic":[145],"calibration":[146,158],"carried":[152],"out":[153],"using":[155],"automatic":[157],"rig":[159],"have":[163],"processed":[165],"advanced":[167],"algorithms":[168],"reduce":[170],"counting":[171],"errors.":[172],"experimental":[174],"setup":[175],"allowed":[176],"full":[178],"characterization":[179],"trends":[184],"as":[185],"function":[187],"different":[189,230],"precipitation.":[190],"showed":[193],"strong":[195],"correlation":[196],"between":[197,228],"observations":[206],"demonstrated":[208],"possibility":[210],"retrieve":[212],"ten-minute":[213],"accumulations":[215],"from":[216],"links":[219],"adopting":[221],"proper":[223],"electromagnetic":[224],"model.":[225],"measuring":[231],"systems":[232],"performed":[234],"computing":[236],"series":[239],"statistics":[240],"conditions":[247],"each":[249],"precipitation":[250],"event.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}