{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2885366282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2859182","title":"Study of Temperature Heterogeneities at Sub-Kilometric Scales and Influence on Surface\u2013Atmosphere Energy Interactions","display_name":"Study of Temperature Heterogeneities at Sub-Kilometric Scales and Influence on Surface\u2013Atmosphere Energy Interactions","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2885366282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2859182","mag":"2885366282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2018.2859182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2859182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024253545","display_name":"Vicente Garc\u00eda\u2010Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-2872"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vicente Garcia-Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-2872","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051052708","display_name":"Joan Cuxart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6217-8045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joan Cuxart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6217-8045","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059272864","display_name":"Mar\u00eda A. Jim\u00e9nez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8411-5512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Antonia Jimenez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8411-5512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052781530","display_name":"Daniel Mart\u00ednez\u2010Villagrasa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8718-9883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Martinez-Villagrasa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8718-9883","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024227506","display_name":"Gemma Sim\u00f3","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-0810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gemma Simo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069991688","display_name":"Rodrigo Picos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9167-6422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodrigo Picos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9167-6422","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077681202","display_name":"V. Caselles","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1612-5495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16097986","display_name":"Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/043nxc105","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16097986"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vicente Caselles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth Physics and Thermodynamics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth Physics and Thermodynamics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16097986"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.558,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79831562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"2","first_page":"640","last_page":"654"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11371","display_name":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7917670011520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.6932553648948669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6882957816123962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5813471674919128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advection","display_name":"Advection","score":0.5479375123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-resolution","display_name":"Temporal resolution","score":0.478915810585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.45308956503868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmosphere","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","score":0.4321836829185486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.423446387052536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-resolution","display_name":"High resolution","score":0.4209343194961548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.25830554962158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2235296368598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17843201756477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.13830441236495972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.11780613660812378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.06423893570899963}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7917670011520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.6932553648948669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6882957816123962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5813471674919128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5072599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379788","display_name":"Advection","level":2,"score":0.5479375123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119666444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5977280","display_name":"Temporal resolution","level":2,"score":0.478915810585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.45308956503868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4321836829185486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.423446387052536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020199158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"High resolution","level":2,"score":0.4209343194961548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.25830554962158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2235296368598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17843201756477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.13830441236495972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11780613660812378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.06423893570899963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2018.2859182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2859182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1606653742","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PROMETEOII/2014/086","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321864","funder_display_name":"Generalitat Valenciana"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321864","display_name":"Generalitat Valenciana","ror":"https://ror.org/0097mvx21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61274215","https://openalex.org/W624887655","https://openalex.org/W1119444890","https://openalex.org/W1520313313","https://openalex.org/W1597359858","https://openalex.org/W1892481930","https://openalex.org/W1919689284","https://openalex.org/W1969399882","https://openalex.org/W1970608296","https://openalex.org/W1974262873","https://openalex.org/W1975645328","https://openalex.org/W1978843980","https://openalex.org/W1982600261","https://openalex.org/W1983616059","https://openalex.org/W1983934822","https://openalex.org/W1988284245","https://openalex.org/W1992671100","https://openalex.org/W2003133188","https://openalex.org/W2010820673","https://openalex.org/W2011195592","https://openalex.org/W2022609720","https://openalex.org/W2026337749","https://openalex.org/W2029623087","https://openalex.org/W2030610270","https://openalex.org/W2034351805","https://openalex.org/W2034857520","https://openalex.org/W2049220907","https://openalex.org/W2055225976","https://openalex.org/W2069711518","https://openalex.org/W2071269893","https://openalex.org/W2077611149","https://openalex.org/W2083933193","https://openalex.org/W2088447385","https://openalex.org/W2093623508","https://openalex.org/W2095621851","https://openalex.org/W2097082604","https://openalex.org/W2105531918","https://openalex.org/W2115594766","https://openalex.org/W2119895530","https://openalex.org/W2139531445","https://openalex.org/W2140287553","https://openalex.org/W2144393312","https://openalex.org/W2150038996","https://openalex.org/W2156644521","https://openalex.org/W2160469051","https://openalex.org/W2164519221","https://openalex.org/W2169278316","https://openalex.org/W2169297506","https://openalex.org/W2169447826","https://openalex.org/W2173064161","https://openalex.org/W2173251738","https://openalex.org/W2180857398","https://openalex.org/W2228273009","https://openalex.org/W2279307191","https://openalex.org/W2320665189","https://openalex.org/W2329446464","https://openalex.org/W2416941394","https://openalex.org/W2538964779","https://openalex.org/W2556502614","https://openalex.org/W2579519384","https://openalex.org/W2585058772","https://openalex.org/W2605255234","https://openalex.org/W2743558669","https://openalex.org/W2747850776","https://openalex.org/W2811138733","https://openalex.org/W2979970639","https://openalex.org/W3046163187","https://openalex.org/W4250271819","https://openalex.org/W4254427358","https://openalex.org/W6669974940","https://openalex.org/W6769204532","https://openalex.org/W7038387020"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966472837","https://openalex.org/W2071207587","https://openalex.org/W4320807967","https://openalex.org/W2039246943","https://openalex.org/W2128760873","https://openalex.org/W4249245269","https://openalex.org/W2162127469","https://openalex.org/W2047961797","https://openalex.org/W1976426447","https://openalex.org/W2733512255"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,80,106,144],"retrieval":[1],"of":[2,82,92,99,121,212,220,227,261,275],"land":[3],"surface":[4,248],"temperature":[5,57,70],"(LST)":[6],"from":[7,124,134,164,173,209],"remote":[8,291],"sensing":[9,292],"techniques":[10],"has":[11,294],"been":[12],"studied":[13],"and":[14,96,161,198,241],"validated":[15],"during":[16],"the":[17,41,48,87,93,100,110,119,130,149,174,177,186,195,205,221,225,228,235,247,252,273,276],"past":[18],"40":[19],"years,":[20],"leading":[21],"to":[22,54,68,147,176,189,224,233],"important":[23],"improvements.":[24],"Accurate":[25],"LST":[26,51,111,122,131,150,187,206,230],"values":[27,58],"are":[28],"currently":[29],"obtained":[30,208],"through":[31],"measurements":[32],"using":[33],"medium":[34],"resolution":[35,63],"thermal":[36,236],"infrared":[37],"(TIR)":[38],"sensors.":[39,216],"However,":[40],"most":[42],"recent":[43],"review":[44],"reports":[45],"demonstrated":[46],"that":[47,183,257],"future":[49,89,281],"TIR":[50,84,126,136,166,215,290],"products":[52,123,207],"need":[53],"obtain":[55],"reliable":[56],"at":[59,168,266],"a":[60,76,103,113,135,153],"high":[61],"spatial":[62,97,170],"(100":[64],"m":[65],"or":[66],"higher)":[67],"study":[69,108],"variations":[71,184],"between":[72,238],"different":[73,157,165,169,239],"elements":[74,101,240],"in":[75,86,102,112,152,185,204,251,289],"heterogeneous":[77,116,154,264],"kilometric":[78],"area.":[79],"launch":[81],"high-resolution":[83,125,213,229],"sensors":[85,128,167],"near":[88],"requires":[90],"studies":[91,282],"temporal":[94],"evolution":[95],"heterogeneities":[98],"mixed":[104],"region.":[105],"present":[107,203],"analyzes":[109],"sub-kilometric":[114],"highly":[115],"area,":[117,254],"combining":[118],"use":[120],"orbiting":[127],"with":[129,194,246],"maps":[132],"created":[133],"camera":[137,278],"onboard":[138],"an":[139],"unmanned":[140],"aerial":[141],"vehicle":[142],"(UAV).":[143],"aim":[145],"is":[146,260,285],"estimate":[148],"variability":[151],"area":[155],"containing":[156],"surfaces":[158],"(roads,":[159],"buildings,":[160],"grass),":[162],"observed":[163],"resolutions,":[171],"covering":[172],"meter":[175],"kilometer":[178],"scales.":[179,268],"Several":[180],"results":[181],"showed":[182],"up":[188],"18":[190],"\u00b0C":[191],"were":[192,201],"identified":[193],"UAV-TIR":[196,277],"camera,":[197],"significant":[199],"differences":[200],"also":[202,271],"simultaneous":[210],"overpasses":[211],"satellite":[214],"A":[217],"second":[218],"objective":[219],"study,":[222],"due":[223],"availability":[226],"fields,":[231],"was":[232],"explore":[234],"advection":[237],"determine":[242],"if":[243],"it":[244,284],"correlates":[245],"energy":[249],"budget":[250],"same":[253],"thus":[255],"indicating":[256],"this":[258],"process":[259],"importance":[262],"for":[263,280],"terrains":[265],"these":[267],"This":[269],"paper":[270],"highlights":[272],"relevance":[274],"flight":[279],"since":[283],"not":[286],"commonly":[287],"used":[288],"but":[293],"substantial":[295],"potential":[296],"advantages.":[297]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}