{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2794906416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2809538","title":"Multi-Look in GLRT-Based Detection of Single and Double Persistent Scatterers","display_name":"Multi-Look in GLRT-Based Detection of Single and Double Persistent Scatterers","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2794906416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2809538","mag":"2794906416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2018.2809538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2809538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071244723","display_name":"Antonio Pauciullo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8853-2818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Pauciullo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell\u2019Ambiente, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell\u2019Ambiente, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014431676","display_name":"Diego Reale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7027-5227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Reale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell\u2019Ambiente, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell\u2019Ambiente, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006135205","display_name":"Walter Franze","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Franze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell\u2019Ambiente, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell\u2019Ambiente, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041703096","display_name":"G. Fornaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-607X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianfranco Fornaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell\u2019Ambiente, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell\u2019Ambiente, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071244723"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":34.3554,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99324866,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"9","first_page":"5125","last_page":"5137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/likelihood-ratio-test","display_name":"Likelihood-ratio test","score":0.6810145378112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6784894466400146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coherence","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","score":0.6676762104034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6536668539047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.6099768877029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5197020173072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.49556148052215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4942800998687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.49331822991371155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4580489695072174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.4335397183895111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40821871161460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.40728458762168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3590603470802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.30367493629455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26943784952163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.26442551612854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18130874633789062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17348450422286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1503966748714447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13556119799613953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9483764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585740","display_name":"Likelihood-ratio test","level":2,"score":0.6810145378112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6784894466400146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.6676762104034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6536668539047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.6099768877029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5197020173072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.49556148052215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.4942800998687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.49331822991371155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4580489695072174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.4335397183895111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40821871161460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.40728458762168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3590603470802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.30367493629455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26943784952163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.26442551612854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18130874633789062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17348450422286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1503966748714447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13556119799613953}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2018.2809538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2018.2809538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48545496","https://openalex.org/W1473204425","https://openalex.org/W1548939099","https://openalex.org/W1643731679","https://openalex.org/W1672745209","https://openalex.org/W1979575933","https://openalex.org/W1988221829","https://openalex.org/W1991346723","https://openalex.org/W2004364456","https://openalex.org/W2005248745","https://openalex.org/W2009567100","https://openalex.org/W2043440342","https://openalex.org/W2044127760","https://openalex.org/W2044751814","https://openalex.org/W2047029664","https://openalex.org/W2048289234","https://openalex.org/W2052893527","https://openalex.org/W2063522293","https://openalex.org/W2098041723","https://openalex.org/W2098353811","https://openalex.org/W2099008772","https://openalex.org/W2104477030","https://openalex.org/W2118005898","https://openalex.org/W2123632763","https://openalex.org/W2126413832","https://openalex.org/W2136855629","https://openalex.org/W2145250341","https://openalex.org/W2145491683","https://openalex.org/W2148610126","https://openalex.org/W2150207495","https://openalex.org/W2152657318","https://openalex.org/W2167811736","https://openalex.org/W2181393575","https://openalex.org/W2204693006","https://openalex.org/W2242279517","https://openalex.org/W2291553921","https://openalex.org/W2294372934","https://openalex.org/W2475771804","https://openalex.org/W2493482596","https://openalex.org/W3110077378"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373310320","https://openalex.org/W2781934594","https://openalex.org/W2790032735","https://openalex.org/W2387499565","https://openalex.org/W2767118615","https://openalex.org/W2375969670","https://openalex.org/W2382147371","https://openalex.org/W2604231623","https://openalex.org/W4379053196","https://openalex.org/W2030669517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Persistent":[0],"scatterer":[1,67],"(PS)":[2],"interferometry":[3],"and":[4,98,125,138],"more":[5],"recently":[6],"synthetic":[7],"aperture":[8],"radar":[9],"tomography":[10],"have":[11],"shown":[12],"to":[13],"be":[14],"powerful":[15],"tools":[16],"in":[17,25,33,51,100,129,139],"urban":[18],"scenarios":[19],"for":[20],"providing":[21],"3-D":[22],"point":[23],"clouds":[24],"the":[26,34,52,66,71,79,83,119,130,140],"reconstruction":[27],"of":[28,36,44,85,102,142,146],"buildings":[29],"as":[30,32],"well":[31],"monitoring":[35],"their":[37],"possible":[38],"slow":[39],"temporal":[40],"deformations.":[41],"The":[42,105],"detection":[43,94,103,120],"PSs":[45],"represents":[46],"a":[47,110,115,134,143],"fundamental":[48],"aspect,":[49],"which":[50],"literature":[53],"has":[54],"been":[55],"mainly":[56],"addressed":[57],"at":[58],"full":[59],"resolution":[60],"(single-look":[61],"detection),":[62],"thus":[63],"considering":[64],"only":[65],"coherence":[68],"properties":[69],"along":[70],"different":[72],"acquisitions.":[73,147],"In":[74],"this":[75],"paper,":[76],"we":[77],"investigate":[78],"benefits":[80],"offered":[81],"by":[82,133],"usage":[84],"multiple":[86],"observation":[87],"looks.":[88],"Multi-look":[89],"generalized":[90],"likelihood":[91],"ratio":[92,137],"test":[93],"schemes":[95],"are":[96],"derived":[97],"analyzed":[99],"terms":[101],"performances.":[104],"analysis":[106],"shows":[107],"that":[108],"even":[109],"slight":[111],"multi-look":[112],"can":[113],"provide":[114],"dramatic":[116],"improvement":[117],"on":[118,123],"capability":[121],"both":[122],"simulated":[124],"real":[126],"data,":[127],"especially":[128],"areas":[131],"characterized":[132],"low":[135],"signal-to-noise":[136],"presence":[141],"limited":[144],"number":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T08:34:05.389933","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
