{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2735684315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2715986","title":"Onto a Skewness Approach to the Generalized Curvature Ocean Surface Scattering Model","display_name":"Onto a Skewness Approach to the Generalized Curvature Ocean Surface Scattering Model","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2735684315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2715986","mag":"2735684315"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2715986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2715986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04201982","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083526496","display_name":"Faozi Sa\u00efd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6231-8522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308126019","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133019","display_name":"NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03yn06t56","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050","https://openalex.org/I4210133019"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Faozi Said","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Satellite Applications and Research, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Satellite Applications and Research, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133019","https://openalex.org/I1308126019"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027766926","display_name":"Harald Johnsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4927-1234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800853303","display_name":"Northern Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04wdcx151","country_code":"NO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800853303"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harald Johnsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Earth Observation Department, Norut, Tromsoe, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth Observation Department, Norut, Tromsoe, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800853303"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001012163","display_name":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Nouguier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7551-0158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154202486","display_name":"Ifremer","ror":"https://ror.org/044jxhp58","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154202486"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederic Nouguier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie Spatiale, IFREMER, Plouzan\u00e9, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie Spatiale, IFREMER, Plouzan\u00e9, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154202486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073132582","display_name":"Bertrand Chapron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6088-8775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154202486","display_name":"Ifremer","ror":"https://ror.org/044jxhp58","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154202486"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bertrand Chapron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie Spatiale, IFREMER, Plouzan\u00e9, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie Spatiale, IFREMER, Plouzan\u00e9, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154202486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023344319","display_name":"Geir Engen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800853303","display_name":"Northern Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04wdcx151","country_code":"NO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800853303"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geir Engen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Earth Observation Department, Norut, Tromsoe, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth Observation Department, Norut, Tromsoe, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800853303"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083526496"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I4210133019"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2526,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61182122,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"10","first_page":"5843","last_page":"5853"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10647","display_name":"Coastal and Marine Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skewness","display_name":"Skewness","score":0.8104907870292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curvature","display_name":"Curvature","score":0.6624478697776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymmetry","display_name":"Asymmetry","score":0.5896822214126587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.5039302706718445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.42629897594451904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface","display_name":"Surface (topology)","score":0.4261329174041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-direction","display_name":"Wind direction","score":0.4112364947795868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3926975131034851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3878386318683624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.34807533025741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2897721529006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.21468934416770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1673763394355774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13095983862876892}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122342681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330828","display_name":"Skewness","level":2,"score":0.8104907870292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.6624478697776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38976095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752641","display_name":"Asymmetry","level":2,"score":0.5896822214126587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.5039302706718445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.42629897594451904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4261329174041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107775477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057900","display_name":"Wind direction","level":3,"score":0.4112364947795868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3926975131034851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3878386318683624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34807533025741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2897721529006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.21468934416770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1673763394355774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13095983862876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2715986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2715986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04201982v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04201982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2017, 55 (10), pp.5843-5853. &#x27E8;10.1109/TGRS.2017.2715986&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:52013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00409/52013/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196267","display_name":"Institutional Archive of Ifremer (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I154202486","host_organization_name":"Ifremer","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154202486"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ieee Transactions On Geoscience And Remote Sensing (0196-2892) (Ieee-inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc), 2017-10 , Vol. 55 , N. 10 , P. 5843-5853","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04201982v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04201982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2017, 55 (10), pp.5843-5853. &#x27E8;10.1109/TGRS.2017.2715986&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322035","display_name":"Rural Development Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/03xs9yg50"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127157190","https://openalex.org/W1483321672","https://openalex.org/W1511124067","https://openalex.org/W1532691246","https://openalex.org/W1589761358","https://openalex.org/W1597222998","https://openalex.org/W1622053330","https://openalex.org/W1965126265","https://openalex.org/W1966064302","https://openalex.org/W1974172230","https://openalex.org/W1991203239","https://openalex.org/W1992284122","https://openalex.org/W2001247608","https://openalex.org/W2002933505","https://openalex.org/W2010851006","https://openalex.org/W2011208295","https://openalex.org/W2022924554","https://openalex.org/W2030002591","https://openalex.org/W2032164380","https://openalex.org/W2054365772","https://openalex.org/W2060300493","https://openalex.org/W2075828063","https://openalex.org/W2099371684","https://openalex.org/W2100807107","https://openalex.org/W2105572471","https://openalex.org/W2117496684","https://openalex.org/W2118878957","https://openalex.org/W2121755604","https://openalex.org/W2126369707","https://openalex.org/W2130484591","https://openalex.org/W2137716337","https://openalex.org/W2144626418","https://openalex.org/W2146699464","https://openalex.org/W2147085483","https://openalex.org/W2148781378","https://openalex.org/W2156982693","https://openalex.org/W2157694109","https://openalex.org/W2160009236","https://openalex.org/W2160916355","https://openalex.org/W2178103172","https://openalex.org/W2202506084","https://openalex.org/W2754221836","https://openalex.org/W3165322303","https://openalex.org/W4248656856","https://openalex.org/W4293203758","https://openalex.org/W6605134278","https://openalex.org/W6631984659","https://openalex.org/W6687840977","https://openalex.org/W6795452034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067910443","https://openalex.org/W2153097785","https://openalex.org/W2045135637","https://openalex.org/W2288310241","https://openalex.org/W4321492268","https://openalex.org/W238980701","https://openalex.org/W2301582445","https://openalex.org/W170616846","https://openalex.org/W2112476022","https://openalex.org/W1782406368"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,86],"generalized":[1],"curvature":[2,8],"ocean":[3],"surface":[4,27,64],"scattering":[5],"model":[6,9],"[general":[7],"(GCM)]":[10],"is":[11,68,76,105,121],"extended":[12,117],"and":[13,31,53,119,128],"revisited.":[14],"Two":[15],"key":[16],"steps":[17],"are":[18,44,57],"addressed":[19],"in":[20,80],"this":[21],"paper,":[22],"namely,":[23],"a":[24,35,69],"necessary":[25,70],"sea":[26,63],"spectrum":[28,65],"undressing":[29,66],"procedure":[30,67],"the":[32,62,72,89,94,98,102,112,116,138,143],"inclusion":[33,87],"of":[34,88,115],"skewness":[36,90],"phase-related":[37,91],"component.":[38],"Normalized":[39],"radar":[40],"cross-section":[41],"(NRCS)":[42],"simulations":[43],"generated":[45],"at":[46],"C-band":[47],"for":[48,123],"various":[49],"wind":[50,82],"conditions,":[51],"polarizations,":[52],"incidence":[54,130,135],"angles.":[55],"Results":[56],"compared":[58,146],"with":[59,147],"CMOD5.n.":[60,148],"Although":[61],"step,":[71],"overall":[73],"NRCS":[74,99],"dynamic":[75,100],"notably":[77],"affected":[78],"only":[79],"low":[81,134],"conditions":[83],"(\u22645":[84],"m/s).":[85],"component":[92],"makes":[93],"most":[95],"impact":[96],"to":[97,141],"where":[101],"upwind/downwind":[103,113,144],"asymmetry":[104,114,145],"clearly":[106],"detectable.":[107],"A":[108],"good":[109],"agreement":[110],"between":[111],"GCM":[118,139],"CMOD5.n":[120],"achieved":[122],"moderate":[124,129],"winds":[125],"(\u22485-10":[126],"m/s)":[127],"angles":[131,136],"(\u224832\u00b0-40\u00b0).":[132],"For":[133],"(<;26\u00b0),":[137],"tends":[140],"overestimate":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}