{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2617899471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2702192","title":"An Automatic Algorithm to Retrieve Wave Height From X-Band Marine Radar Image Sequence","display_name":"An Automatic Algorithm to Retrieve Wave Height From X-Band Marine Radar Image Sequence","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-05-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2617899471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2702192","mag":"2617899471"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2702192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2702192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039205112","display_name":"Zhongbiao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2168-8898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongbiao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Marine Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Environment Detection, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2168-8898","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Marine Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Environment Detection, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044075185","display_name":"Yijun He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1531-5262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijun He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Marine Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Environment Detection, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Marine Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Environment Detection, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074296693","display_name":"Biao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6727-8611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Marine Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Environment Detection, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Marine Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Environment Detection, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7143,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88363429,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"9","first_page":"5084","last_page":"5092"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10647","display_name":"Coastal and Marine Dynamics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/significant-wave-height","display_name":"Significant wave height","score":0.7920247316360474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wave-height","display_name":"Wave height","score":0.6588236093521118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionless-quantity","display_name":"Dimensionless quantity","score":0.6378308534622192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buoy","display_name":"Buoy","score":0.5962706208229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-wave","display_name":"Wind wave","score":0.557645320892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5566205978393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-wave","display_name":"Surface wave","score":0.5089490413665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.48258888721466064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.4725582003593445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-orthogonal-functions","display_name":"Empirical orthogonal functions","score":0.4485531747341156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.42958757281303406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-mean-square","display_name":"Root mean square","score":0.4160858392715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3966333568096161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3758619427680969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3695943355560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.35744595527648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.17746227979660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12135133147239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.10759857296943665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08372670412063599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08020442724227905}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85910571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2674049","display_name":"Significant wave height","level":3,"score":0.7920247316360474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70620910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q821563","display_name":"Wave height","level":2,"score":0.6588236093521118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24872484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126818","display_name":"Dimensionless quantity","level":2,"score":0.6378308534622192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779847632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30026","display_name":"Buoy","level":2,"score":0.5962706208229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165082838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165848","display_name":"Wind wave","level":2,"score":0.557645320892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5566205978393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84174578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889796","display_name":"Surface wave","level":2,"score":0.5089490413665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.48258888721466064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.4725582003593445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13724139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3042818","display_name":"Empirical orthogonal functions","level":2,"score":0.4485531747341156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.42958757281303406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71907059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223323","display_name":"Root mean square","level":2,"score":0.4160858392715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3966333568096161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3758619427680969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3695943355560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.35744595527648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.17746227979660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12135133147239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10759857296943665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08372670412063599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08020442724227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2702192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2702192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3441565958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334950","funder_display_name":"State Oceanic Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4287107565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41506199","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4962409786","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41620104003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334950","display_name":"State Oceanic Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05pxfr638"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W305332711","https://openalex.org/W657675841","https://openalex.org/W1511187889","https://openalex.org/W1972614381","https://openalex.org/W1986788497","https://openalex.org/W1994581156","https://openalex.org/W2019934288","https://openalex.org/W2025187055","https://openalex.org/W2027282652","https://openalex.org/W2037062718","https://openalex.org/W2043926190","https://openalex.org/W2046245205","https://openalex.org/W2058626847","https://openalex.org/W2064883310","https://openalex.org/W2080433131","https://openalex.org/W2081380968","https://openalex.org/W2087105482","https://openalex.org/W2093096424","https://openalex.org/W2094144426","https://openalex.org/W2102325836","https://openalex.org/W2113329640","https://openalex.org/W2118726067","https://openalex.org/W2125337513","https://openalex.org/W2125441934","https://openalex.org/W2131966069","https://openalex.org/W2144025421","https://openalex.org/W2149285530","https://openalex.org/W2151255598","https://openalex.org/W2338725261","https://openalex.org/W2482874728","https://openalex.org/W2496360616","https://openalex.org/W4256068510"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2324808582","https://openalex.org/W2742196760","https://openalex.org/W2042390733","https://openalex.org/W2999761183","https://openalex.org/W3150600118","https://openalex.org/W2333273150","https://openalex.org/W4311747009","https://openalex.org/W2116304271","https://openalex.org/W2091909192","https://openalex.org/W4311758679"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,113],"new":[1],"method":[2,138,200],"is":[3,27,42,78,111,116,135,139],"proposed":[4],"to":[5,57,64],"retrieve":[6],"wave":[7,60,68,72,86,99,102,109,128,145],"height":[8,40,110],"from":[9,46,80,148],"an":[10],"X-band":[11,22,151],"marine":[12,23,152],"radar":[13,24,153],"image":[14,25],"sequence,":[15],"without":[16],"external":[17],"measurements":[18],"for":[19,118,178,190],"reference.":[20],"The":[21,51,74,137,194],"sequence":[26],"first":[28,48],"decomposed":[29],"by":[30,141,158],"empirical":[31],"orthogonal":[32],"function":[33,94],"(EOF),":[34],"and":[35,44,70,101,122,130,166,175,187],"then":[36,131],"the":[37,47,58,66,81,104,108,119,123,126,132,143,160,163,167,199],"sea":[38],"surface":[39],"profile":[41],"reconstructed":[43],"scaled":[45],"EOF":[49],"mode.":[50],"radial":[52],"profiles":[53],"that":[54],"are":[55,62,171,183,201],"close":[56],"peak":[59],"direction":[61],"used":[63],"extract":[65],"zero-crossing":[67],"periods":[69],"relative":[71,127],"heights.":[73],"spectral":[75],"width":[76],"parameter":[77,115],"deduced":[79],"histogram":[82,124],"of":[83,96,107,125,196,198],"a":[84,90,97],"dimensionless":[85,98],"period.":[87],"Based":[88],"on":[89],"joint":[91],"probability":[92],"distribution":[93],"(pdf)":[95],"period":[100],"height,":[103],"theoretical":[105,120],"pdf":[106,121],"derived.":[112],"shape":[114],"defined":[117],"heights,":[129],"calibration":[133],"coefficient":[134],"estimated.":[136],"validated":[140],"comparing":[142],"significant":[144],"heights":[146],"retrieved":[147],"two":[149],"different":[150],"systems":[154],"with":[155],"those":[156],"measured":[157],"buoy;":[159],"correlation":[161],"coefficient,":[162],"root-mean-square":[164],"error,":[165],"bias":[168],"between":[169],"them":[170],"0.78,":[172],"0.51":[173,185],"m,":[174,186],"-0.19":[176],"m":[177,189],"HH":[179],"polarization,":[180,192],"while":[181],"they":[182],"0.77,":[184],"0.19":[188],"VV":[191],"respectively.":[193],"sources":[195],"error":[197],"discussed.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}