{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2615051259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2688728","title":"Precise Calibration of Channel Imbalance for Very High Resolution SAR With Stepped Frequency","display_name":"Precise Calibration of Channel Imbalance for Very High Resolution SAR With Stepped Frequency","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2615051259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2688728","mag":"2615051259"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2688728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2688728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100369977","display_name":"Xiangyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1689-9044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032677320","display_name":"Robert Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9850-7015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015892398","display_name":"Yunkai Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2765-2976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunkai Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100462658","display_name":"Pei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-8016"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100369025","display_name":"Ning Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-6449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041569726","display_name":"Weidong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7803-6084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100657975","display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0373-3659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100369977"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3551,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93677834,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"8","first_page":"4252","last_page":"4261"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7326256036758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.6872586607933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.607801616191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.5925807356834412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp","display_name":"Chirp","score":0.5684139132499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5326449871063232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5312416553497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5214064121246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.49525585770606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.49406030774116516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.48981425166130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4690967798233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.3493233323097229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.23820236325263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2220991551876068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19982552528381348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1979101598262787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.14523941278457642}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7326256036758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6872586607933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.607801616191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.5925807356834412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.5684139132499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5326449871063232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5312416553497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5214064121246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.49525585770606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.49406030774116516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.48981425166130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4690967798233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3493233323097229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.23820236325263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2220991551876068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19982552528381348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1979101598262787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.14523941278457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2688728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2688728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5115095878","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61422113","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G728404460","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61601437","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W357677209","https://openalex.org/W1516988621","https://openalex.org/W1528401259","https://openalex.org/W1550195718","https://openalex.org/W1581490604","https://openalex.org/W1608094059","https://openalex.org/W1979213074","https://openalex.org/W2004823238","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2060588492","https://openalex.org/W2060602868","https://openalex.org/W2063556424","https://openalex.org/W2064040845","https://openalex.org/W2079299474","https://openalex.org/W2107055196","https://openalex.org/W2128476848","https://openalex.org/W2129268038","https://openalex.org/W2156805266","https://openalex.org/W2162090257","https://openalex.org/W2171234155","https://openalex.org/W2184227500","https://openalex.org/W2265603125","https://openalex.org/W2321585011","https://openalex.org/W2513609084","https://openalex.org/W2538022121","https://openalex.org/W2761976487","https://openalex.org/W3022584652","https://openalex.org/W4250503569","https://openalex.org/W6632817837","https://openalex.org/W6678922538","https://openalex.org/W6686370096","https://openalex.org/W6693660866"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2377235482","https://openalex.org/W2351454232","https://openalex.org/W1974895211","https://openalex.org/W2129841057","https://openalex.org/W3040712279","https://openalex.org/W2176409448","https://openalex.org/W2382227980","https://openalex.org/W2046597320","https://openalex.org/W2364769705","https://openalex.org/W2010341259"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"aperture":[1],"radar":[2],"(SAR)":[3],"images":[4],"require":[5],"a":[6,26,52,112,120],"high-resolution":[7],"system":[8,46,110],"for":[9,71],"accurate":[10],"interpretations.":[11],"This":[12],"high":[13],"range":[14,122],"resolution":[15,123],"can":[16],"be":[17,39],"achieved":[18],"by":[19,105],"stepped":[20,100],"frequency":[21,101],"chirp":[22],"signals.":[23],"To":[24],"reconstruct":[25],"wideband":[27],"waveform":[28],"from":[29],"each":[30],"subband":[31],"signal,":[32],"amplitude/phase/delay":[33],"imbalance":[34],"between":[35],"the":[36,45,62,74,83,90],"channels":[37],"should":[38],"precisely":[40],"compensated.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"configuration":[47],"is":[48],"first":[49],"presented.":[50],"Further,":[51],"calibration":[53,60,69],"strategy":[54],"was":[55],"proposed":[56,87,95],"based":[57,81],"on":[58,82],"three":[59],"loops:":[61],"reference":[63],"calibration,":[64,66],"transmitting":[65],"and":[67],"receiving":[68],"loops":[70],"coarsely":[72],"compensating":[73],"channel":[75,92],"imbalance.":[76,93],"Then,":[77],"two":[78],"different":[79],"methods":[80,96],"cost":[84],"functions":[85],"were":[86,97],"to":[88],"remove":[89],"residual":[91],"The":[94],"validated":[98],"using":[99],"SAR":[102,109],"data":[103],"acquired":[104],"an":[106],"X-band":[107],"airborne":[108],"with":[111],"total":[113],"bandwidth":[114],"of":[115,124],"3.6":[116],"GHz,":[117],"yielding":[118],"(unweighted)":[119],"3-dB":[121],"4":[125],"cm.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}