{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604290765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2680321","title":"Evaluation of Direct Signal Suppression for Passive Radar","display_name":"Evaluation of Direct Signal Suppression for Passive Radar","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604290765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2680321","mag":"2604290765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2680321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2680321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/f862290b-a226-4d48-aec4-effd158c13c1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079046275","display_name":"J. Landon Garry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1859-5175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Landon Garry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1859-5175","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chris J. Baker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122993","display_name":"Applied Radar (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02tgjtw54","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122993"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris J. Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Systems, Aveillant, Cambridge, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Systems, Aveillant, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122993"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035899612","display_name":"Graeme E. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4877-8845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graeme E. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":120.6885,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99903153,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"7","first_page":"3786","last_page":"3799"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7766333818435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.6708157062530518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5293095111846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5180413722991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-filter","display_name":"Adaptive filter","score":0.47694817185401917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4711174964904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4551848769187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4368627369403839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4329053461551666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matched-filter","display_name":"Matched filter","score":0.42718926072120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.41289305686950684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.382053405046463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26442384719848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2039480209350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15456968545913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13278663158416748}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7766333818435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.6708157062530518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5293095111846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5180413722991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102248274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168388","display_name":"Adaptive filter","level":2,"score":0.47694817185401917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4711174964904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4551848769187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4368627369403839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4329053461551666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50151734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759577","display_name":"Matched filter","level":3,"score":0.42718926072120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.41289305686950684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.382053405046463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26442384719848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2039480209350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15456968545913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13278663158416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2680321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2680321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/f862290b-a226-4d48-aec4-effd158c13c1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/f862290b-a226-4d48-aec4-effd158c13c1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Garry, J L, Baker, C & Smith, G E 2017, 'Evaluation of direct signal suppression for passive radar', IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 3786-3799. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2017.2680321","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/f862290b-a226-4d48-aec4-effd158c13c1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/f862290b-a226-4d48-aec4-effd158c13c1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Garry, J L, Baker, C & Smith, G E 2017, 'Evaluation of direct signal suppression for passive radar', IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 3786-3799. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2017.2680321","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487467989","https://openalex.org/W1499739822","https://openalex.org/W1503836609","https://openalex.org/W1517420358","https://openalex.org/W1550535082","https://openalex.org/W1969341000","https://openalex.org/W1972315196","https://openalex.org/W1979018848","https://openalex.org/W1999542175","https://openalex.org/W2007025393","https://openalex.org/W2019086024","https://openalex.org/W2050806768","https://openalex.org/W2065950457","https://openalex.org/W2091787584","https://openalex.org/W2101996248","https://openalex.org/W2135442579","https://openalex.org/W2152672782","https://openalex.org/W2159995439","https://openalex.org/W2171614603","https://openalex.org/W2325610065","https://openalex.org/W2542691100","https://openalex.org/W2548357046","https://openalex.org/W3147668859","https://openalex.org/W6630899058","https://openalex.org/W6632817160","https://openalex.org/W6663182908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2359960556","https://openalex.org/W2987405983","https://openalex.org/W1535222181","https://openalex.org/W1994360888","https://openalex.org/W2025049913","https://openalex.org/W2383371874","https://openalex.org/W2172216709","https://openalex.org/W2349432100","https://openalex.org/W2373583127","https://openalex.org/W2746312774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Passive":[0],"radar":[1],"(PR)":[2],"systems":[3],"must":[4],"be":[5,172],"able":[6],"to":[7,27,53,64,83,136,158,174,192],"detect":[8],"the":[9,21,28,42,45,60,85,99,149],"presence":[10],"of":[11,17,31,44,48,75,87,92,98,127,144,168,188,195],"a":[12,141],"target":[13],"signal":[14,23],"many":[15],"orders":[16],"magnitude":[18],"weaker":[19],"than":[20,38],"direct":[22],"interference":[24],"(DSI).":[25],"Due":[26],"continuous":[29],"nature":[30],"most":[32],"PR":[33,176],"signals,":[34],"this":[35,169],"interference,":[36],"rather":[37],"thermal":[39],"noise,":[40],"determines":[41],"sensitivity":[43],"system.":[46],"Suppression":[47],"DSI":[49,196],"and":[50,68,121,129,178,186],"clutter":[51],"prior":[52],"range-Doppler":[54],"processing":[55],"is":[56,105,156],"crucial":[57],"for":[58,199],"maximizing":[59],"effective":[61],"dynamic":[62],"range,":[63],"increase":[65],"detection":[66],"range":[67,143],"improve":[69],"overall":[70],"system":[71],"performance.":[72],"A":[73,125],"number":[74,126],"time-domain":[76],"adaptive":[77],"filtering":[78],"techniques":[79],"have":[80],"been":[81],"proposed":[82],"mitigate":[84],"effects":[86],"DSI,":[88],"with":[89,163],"varying":[90],"levels":[91],"success.":[93],"As":[94],"such,":[95],"an":[96,117],"investigation":[97],"primary":[100],"factors":[101],"affecting":[102],"suppression":[103,138,161,184],"performance":[104,139,162,177],"presented,":[106],"using":[107],"Advanced":[108],"Television":[109],"Systems":[110],"Committee":[111],"digital":[112],"television":[113],"(DTV)":[114],"waveforms":[115],"as":[116,183],"example,":[118],"through":[119],"simulation":[120],"extensive":[122],"experimental":[123,200],"trials.":[124],"spectral":[128],"spatially":[130],"diverse":[131],"DTV":[132],"signals":[133],"are":[134],"considered":[135],"analyze":[137],"under":[140],"wide":[142],"realistic":[145],"scenarios.":[146],"In":[147],"particular,":[148],"fast":[150],"block":[151],"least":[152],"mean":[153],"squares":[154],"filter":[155],"shown":[157],"provide":[159],"good":[160],"low":[164],"computational":[165],"requirements.":[166],"Results":[167],"analysis":[170],"can":[171],"used":[173],"predict":[175],"stability.":[179],"Practical":[180],"metrics,":[181],"such":[182],"runtime":[185],"ease":[187],"implementation,":[189],"also":[190],"serve":[191],"counsel":[193],"selection":[194],"mitigation":[197],"algorithms":[198],"systems.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}