{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2587490840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2653816","title":"Performance of Minimum Mean-Square Error Beam Forming for Polarimetric Phased Array Weather Radar","display_name":"Performance of Minimum Mean-Square Error Beam Forming for Polarimetric Phased Array Weather Radar","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2587490840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2653816","mag":"2587490840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2653816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2653816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.exst.jaxa.jp/dspace/handle/a-is/865025","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029443968","display_name":"Hiroshi Kikuchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6947-902X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Kikuchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osaka University, Osaka, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka University, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006578478","display_name":"Ting Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3932-2803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42405503","display_name":"Gifu University","ror":"https://ror.org/024exxj48","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42405503"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gifu University, Gifu, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gifu University, Gifu, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42405503"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043976086","display_name":"Eiichi Yoshikawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6761-6414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800865746","display_name":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/059yhyy33","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800865746"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eiichi Yoshikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800865746"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065030241","display_name":"Tomoo Ushio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8705-7672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomoo Ushio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osaka University, Osaka, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka University, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032325026","display_name":"Hideto Goto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hideto Goto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074077832","display_name":"Fumihiko Mizutani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fumihiko Mizutani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112270748","display_name":"Masakazu Wada","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masakazu Wada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101988786","display_name":"V. Chandrasekar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1569-698X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Chandrasekar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029443968"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.029,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74006243,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"5","first_page":"2757","last_page":"2770"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.8008025884628296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6635262966156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarimetry","display_name":"Polarimetry","score":0.6458839178085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weather-radar","display_name":"Weather radar","score":0.6414596438407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6181395053863525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5833348035812378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5479164719581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4709654152393341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.4615941047668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/main-lobe","display_name":"Main lobe","score":0.45230937004089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.42336583137512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4090467393398285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3328074514865875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.30229613184928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.28879863023757935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20008772611618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.19265562295913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1838754117488861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.12865185737609863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07553747296333313}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.8008025884628296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6635262966156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28493345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899381","display_name":"Polarimetry","level":3,"score":0.6458839178085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92237259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863343","display_name":"Weather radar","level":3,"score":0.6414596438407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6181395053863525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5833348035812378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5479164719581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4709654152393341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.4615941047668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166923610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6673925","display_name":"Main lobe","level":3,"score":0.45230937004089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.42336583137512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4090467393398285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3328074514865875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.30229613184928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.28879863023757935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20008772611618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.19265562295913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1838754117488861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.12865185737609863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07553747296333313}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2653816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2653816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.exst.jaxa.jp:a-is/865025","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.exst.jaxa.jp/dspace/handle/a-is/865025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400084","display_name":"JAXA Repository (JAXA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800865746","host_organization_name":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800865746"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.exst.jaxa.jp:a-is/865025","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.exst.jaxa.jp/dspace/handle/a-is/865025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400084","display_name":"JAXA Repository (JAXA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800865746","host_organization_name":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800865746"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325628","display_name":"Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/00vs1pz50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335839","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W223995386","https://openalex.org/W1975537236","https://openalex.org/W1999304014","https://openalex.org/W2051401659","https://openalex.org/W2052516567","https://openalex.org/W2066218102","https://openalex.org/W2099378190","https://openalex.org/W2105372426","https://openalex.org/W2110870964","https://openalex.org/W2112366668","https://openalex.org/W2114772814","https://openalex.org/W2117205791","https://openalex.org/W2118862966","https://openalex.org/W2119840276","https://openalex.org/W2122284064","https://openalex.org/W2144758368","https://openalex.org/W2160882893","https://openalex.org/W2173031829","https://openalex.org/W2179122084","https://openalex.org/W2786109951","https://openalex.org/W2789468853","https://openalex.org/W3215183433","https://openalex.org/W4238379753","https://openalex.org/W6748153786","https://openalex.org/W6748734670"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989454727","https://openalex.org/W2127587082","https://openalex.org/W2361437636","https://openalex.org/W2375029111","https://openalex.org/W2066181770","https://openalex.org/W2024003230","https://openalex.org/W2949355773","https://openalex.org/W2351474356","https://openalex.org/W2765218715","https://openalex.org/W1977676184"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,59],"this":[1,60],"paper,":[2,61],"the":[3,32,51,55,77,111,114,126,147,156,165,169,176],"development":[4,52],"of":[5,14,30,41,54,80,110,113,125,128,150,158,168,175,178],"a":[6,15,129,132,151],"polarimetric":[7,81],"phased":[8,56],"array":[9,57],"weather":[10],"radar,":[11],"which":[12],"consists":[13],"dual-polarized":[16],"antenna":[17],"with":[18,93],"2-D":[19],"circular":[20],"planar":[21],"phase-array":[22],"elements,":[23],"is":[24,28,46,120,161],"discussed.":[25],"The":[26],"radar":[27,63,71],"capable":[29],"measuring":[31],"3-D":[33],"rainfall":[34],"distribution":[35],"in":[36,50,73,122],"less":[37],"than":[38],"several":[39],"tens":[40],"seconds.":[42],"Digital":[43],"beamforming":[44],"(DBF)":[45],"an":[47],"important":[48],"component":[49],"process":[53],"radar.":[58],"precipitation":[62,82,144,170],"signal":[64],"simulations":[65],"are":[66,98,172],"performed":[67],"taking":[68],"into":[69],"consideration":[70],"concepts":[72],"order":[74],"to":[75],"discuss":[76],"estimation":[78],"accuracy":[79,123,157],"profiles":[83,171],"(differential":[84],"reflectivity,":[85],"specific":[86],"differential":[87],"phase,":[88],"and":[89,102,131,136],"copolar":[90],"correlation":[91],"coefficient)":[92],"two":[94,115],"DBF":[95],"methods":[96,116],"that":[97,118,164],"based":[99],"on":[100],"Fourier":[101],"minimum":[103],"mean-square":[104],"error":[105],"(MMSE)":[106],"methods.":[107],"A":[108],"comparison":[109],"performance":[112],"indicates":[117],"MMSE":[119,141],"superior":[121],"because":[124],"effect":[127],"stable":[130],"robust":[133],"main":[134],"lobe":[135],"adaptively":[137],"suppressed":[138],"side":[139],"lobes.":[140],"also":[142,162],"provides":[143],"measurements":[145],"eliminating":[146],"directional":[148],"dependence":[149],"beam":[152],"pattern":[153],"for":[154],"improving":[155],"measurements.":[159],"It":[160],"shown":[163],"estimated":[166],"accuracies":[167],"almost":[173],"independent":[174],"number":[177],"pulses.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}