{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2521901407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2592679","title":"Real-Time Hyperbola Recognition and Fitting in GPR Data","display_name":"Real-Time Hyperbola Recognition and Fitting in GPR Data","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2521901407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2592679","mag":"2521901407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2016.2592679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2592679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072888126","display_name":"Qingxu Dou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4989-1273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingxu Dou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4989-1273","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006283142","display_name":"Lijun Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5685-4940"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lijun Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017891661","display_name":"Derek Magee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-3103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derek R. Magee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024409281","display_name":"Anthony G. Cohn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7652-8907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony G. Cohn","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.7778,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":233,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99213196,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"1","first_page":"51","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10572","display_name":"Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-penetrating-radar","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","score":0.7797479629516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperbola","display_name":"Hyperbola","score":0.7437820434570312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5046166181564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.48655739426612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3957458734512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37707239389419556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36874353885650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.33766302466392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16269534826278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.10504579544067383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71813955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503560","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","level":3,"score":0.7797479629516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145050668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165301","display_name":"Hyperbola","level":2,"score":0.7437820434570312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5046166181564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.48655739426612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3957458734512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37707239389419556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36874353885650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.33766302466392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16269534826278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.10504579544067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2016.2592679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2592679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:102528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1168713455","display_name":"MAPPING THE UNDERWORLD: MULTI-SENSOR DEVICE CREATION, ASSESSMENT, PROTOCOLS","funder_award_id":"EP/F06585X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4606337574","display_name":"ASSESSING THE UNDERWORLD - AN INTEGRATED PERFORMANCE MODEL OF CITY INFRASTRUCTURES","funder_award_id":"EP/K021699/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5041788046","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/F06585X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5063903113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K021699/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80917968","https://openalex.org/W120124914","https://openalex.org/W1575476631","https://openalex.org/W1673310716","https://openalex.org/W1673540349","https://openalex.org/W1744951973","https://openalex.org/W1897266907","https://openalex.org/W1981609785","https://openalex.org/W1990320636","https://openalex.org/W1995376165","https://openalex.org/W1999738916","https://openalex.org/W2005960247","https://openalex.org/W2030030850","https://openalex.org/W2031636205","https://openalex.org/W2035752142","https://openalex.org/W2054585288","https://openalex.org/W2059817405","https://openalex.org/W2079073363","https://openalex.org/W2083970667","https://openalex.org/W2096133321","https://openalex.org/W2122933942","https://openalex.org/W2123665156","https://openalex.org/W2130976145","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2133441824","https://openalex.org/W2138489340","https://openalex.org/W2138930359","https://openalex.org/W2140427427","https://openalex.org/W2153178980","https://openalex.org/W2161160262","https://openalex.org/W2920943913","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W3149976863","https://openalex.org/W4245193022","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6634394891","https://openalex.org/W6637131181","https://openalex.org/W6637399805","https://openalex.org/W6678440536"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1952501805","https://openalex.org/W2895241666","https://openalex.org/W3022534700","https://openalex.org/W2377795586","https://openalex.org/W2803739483","https://openalex.org/W3012757833","https://openalex.org/W2328120466","https://openalex.org/W4252478876","https://openalex.org/W2392793159","https://openalex.org/W2788869335"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,98,167,223,263],"problem":[1],"of":[2,29,44,61,79,107,115,140,212,246,256,265],"automatically":[3],"recognizing":[4],"and":[5,15,83,118,160,173,185,244,251,274],"fitting":[6,96,146,165,227],"hyperbolae":[7,150,228],"from":[8,46,63,77,209],"ground-penetrating":[9],"radar":[10],"(GPR)":[11],"images":[12],"is":[13,25,38,54,71,86,103,132,151,157,269],"addressed,":[14],"a":[16,34,67,84,104,137,210],"novel":[17,35,49,99,199],"technique":[18],"computationally":[19],"suitable":[20],"for":[21,148],"real-time":[22],"on-site":[23],"application":[24],"proposed.":[26],"After":[27],"preprocessing":[28],"the":[30,42,59,80,108,113,127,219,242,247,252,257,261,266],"input":[31],"GPR":[32,276],"images,":[33],"thresholding":[36],"method":[37,169],"applied":[39,56,72],"to":[40,57,73,88,134,202,229,240],"separate":[41,58],"regions":[43,60],"interest":[45,62],"background.":[47],"A":[48],"column-connection":[50],"clustering":[51,100],"(C3)":[52],"algorithm":[53,101,147],"then":[55],"each":[64,89],"other.":[65],"Subsequently,":[66],"machine":[68,128],"learnt":[69],"model":[70],"identify":[74],"hyperbolic":[75,116,175,181,187,230],"signatures":[76,117,176,182,188,231],"outputs":[78],"C3":[81,102],"algorithm,":[82,130],"hyperbola":[85,95,119,145,164,207],"fitted":[87],"such":[90],"signature":[91],"with":[92,177,179,183,189],"an":[93,197,204],"orthogonal-distance":[94,144],"algorithm.":[97],"central":[105],"component":[106],"proposed":[109,168,267],"system,":[110],"which":[111,131,156,217],"enables":[112],"identification":[114],"fitting.":[120],"Only":[121],"two":[122],"features":[123],"are":[124,215,232],"used":[125,239],"in":[126,153,260],"learning":[129],"easy":[133],"train":[135],"using":[136],"small":[138],"set":[139,211],"training":[141],"data.":[142,277],"An":[143],"\u201csouth-opening\u201d":[149,206],"introduced":[152],"this":[154],"work,":[155],"more":[158,221],"robust":[159],"accurate":[161],"than":[162],"algebraic":[163],"algorithms.":[166],"can":[170,237],"successfully":[171],"recognize":[172],"fit":[174],"intersections":[178],"others,":[180],"distortions,":[184],"incomplete":[186],"one":[190],"leg":[191],"fully":[192],"or":[193],"largely":[194],"missed.":[195],"As":[196],"additional":[198],"contribution,":[200],"formulas":[201],"compute":[203],"initial":[205],"directly":[208],"given":[213],"points":[214],"derived,":[216],"make":[218],"system":[220,268],"efficient.":[222],"parameters":[224],"obtained":[225],"by":[226],"very":[233],"important":[234],"features;":[235],"they":[236],"be":[238],"estimate":[241],"location":[243],"size":[245],"related":[248],"target":[249],"objects":[250],"average":[253],"propagation":[254],"velocity":[255],"electromagnetic":[258],"wave":[259],"medium.":[262],"effectiveness":[264],"tested":[270],"on":[271],"both":[272],"synthetic":[273],"real":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}