{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2470786530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2579648","title":"A Three-Layered Graph-Based Learning Approach for Remote Sensing Image Retrieval","display_name":"A Three-Layered Graph-Based Learning Approach for Remote Sensing Image Retrieval","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2470786530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2579648","mag":"2470786530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2016.2579648","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2579648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044278476","display_name":"Yuebin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6978-4558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuebin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459445","display_name":"Liqiang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4175-7590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liqiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4175-7590","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039348214","display_name":"Xiaohua Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-3797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohua Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048268685","display_name":"Liang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4498-9925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101584424","display_name":"Zhenxin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4070-9415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenxin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458743","display_name":"Hao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5955-1577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056894354","display_name":"Xiaoyue Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9924-3915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyue Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034411238","display_name":"P. Takis Mathiopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3332-4699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Takis Mathiopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5297,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97256625,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"10","first_page":"6020","last_page":"6034"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8183434009552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.6518798470497131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5566389560699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-expansion","display_name":"Query expansion","score":0.5105960965156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4978504180908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.45609772205352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4067174792289734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3646343946456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.33746469020843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32982879877090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3297383785247803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.2565034031867981}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8183434009552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.6518798470497131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5566389560699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99016210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5488129","display_name":"Query expansion","level":2,"score":0.5105960965156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4978504180908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.45609772205352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4067174792289734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3646343946456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.33746469020843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32982879877090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3297383785247803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.2565034031867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2016.2579648","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2579648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7034623178","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41371324","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500351990","https://openalex.org/W1566135517","https://openalex.org/W1572981715","https://openalex.org/W1967539196","https://openalex.org/W1974470605","https://openalex.org/W1976749772","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W1982321556","https://openalex.org/W1982410540","https://openalex.org/W1986481921","https://openalex.org/W1988496509","https://openalex.org/W1989316905","https://openalex.org/W2001298023","https://openalex.org/W2006603039","https://openalex.org/W2021122545","https://openalex.org/W2022394120","https://openalex.org/W2023991840","https://openalex.org/W2024789505","https://openalex.org/W2033242207","https://openalex.org/W2045119264","https://openalex.org/W2052592045","https://openalex.org/W2068078373","https://openalex.org/W2071549734","https://openalex.org/W2075394305","https://openalex.org/W2076188996","https://openalex.org/W2078165051","https://openalex.org/W2082394523","https://openalex.org/W2084363474","https://openalex.org/W2091280333","https://openalex.org/W2095066858","https://openalex.org/W2097018403","https://openalex.org/W2099482512","https://openalex.org/W2099606917","https://openalex.org/W2100398441","https://openalex.org/W2101025736","https://openalex.org/W2101927381","https://openalex.org/W2107200795","https://openalex.org/W2109506130","https://openalex.org/W2109852700","https://openalex.org/W2113464037","https://openalex.org/W2115799903","https://openalex.org/W2116793806","https://openalex.org/W2118187752","https://openalex.org/W2122944810","https://openalex.org/W2135364649","https://openalex.org/W2135708091","https://openalex.org/W2136912609","https://openalex.org/W2137570937","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2153744498","https://openalex.org/W2154455818","https://openalex.org/W2154683974","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2163114261","https://openalex.org/W2170441325","https://openalex.org/W2330711204","https://openalex.org/W6629858893","https://openalex.org/W6674642818","https://openalex.org/W6682494755"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389214306","https://openalex.org/W4235240664","https://openalex.org/W2965083567","https://openalex.org/W1838576100","https://openalex.org/W2095886385","https://openalex.org/W2560191017","https://openalex.org/W2889616422","https://openalex.org/W2089704382","https://openalex.org/W1983399550","https://openalex.org/W97075385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,32,36,43,69,82,94,104,112,121,124,136,144,147,150,174,184,206,214],"emergence":[2],"of":[3,6,15,23,35,71,76,111,216],"huge":[4],"volumes":[5],"high-resolution":[7],"remote":[8,58],"sensing":[9,59],"images":[10,25,108,148],"produced":[11],"by":[12,42],"all":[13],"sorts":[14],"satellites":[16],"and":[17,21,74,78,100,103,106,159,162],"airborne":[18],"sensors,":[19],"processing":[20],"analysis":[22],"these":[24],"require":[26],"effective":[27],"retrieval":[28,37,86,95,177,207],"techniques.":[29],"To":[30],"alleviate":[31],"dramatic":[33],"variation":[34],"accuracy":[38],"among":[39],"queries":[40],"caused":[41],"single":[44],"image":[45,87,133,137,152,176],"feature":[46],"algorithms,":[47],"we":[48],"developed":[49],"a":[50,64],"novel":[51],"graph-based":[52],"learning":[53],"method":[54,62],"for":[55,156,172],"effectively":[56],"retrieving":[57],"images.":[60],"The":[61,192],"utilizes":[63],"three-layer":[65],"framework":[66],"that":[67],"integrates":[68],"strengths":[70],"query":[72,130],"expansion":[73,129],"fusion":[75,170],"holistic":[77,99],"local":[79,101],"features.":[80],"In":[81,120,143],"first":[83],"layer,":[84,123,146],"two":[85],"sets":[88,134,153],"are":[89,154],"obtained":[90],"by,":[91],"respectively,":[92],"using":[93,139],"methods":[96],"based":[97],"on":[98,183],"features,":[102],"top-ranked":[105],"common":[107],"from":[109,135],"both":[110],"top":[113],"candidate":[114],"lists":[115],"subsequently":[116],"form":[117],"graph":[118,125],"anchors.":[119],"second":[122],"anchors":[126],"as":[127],"an":[128],"retrieve":[131],"six":[132,151],"database":[138],"each":[140],"individual":[141],"feature.":[142],"third":[145],"in":[149],"evaluated":[155],"generating":[157],"positive":[158],"negative":[160],"data,":[161],"SimpleMKL":[163],"is":[164,209],"applied":[165],"to":[166],"learn":[167],"suitable":[168],"query-dependent":[169],"weights":[171],"achieving":[173],"final":[175],"result.":[178],"Extensive":[179],"experiments":[180],"were":[181],"performed":[182],"UC":[185],"Merced":[186],"Land":[187],"Use-Land":[188],"Cover":[189],"data":[190],"set.":[191],"source":[193],"code":[194],"has":[195],"been":[196],"available":[197],"at":[198],"our":[199,217],"website.":[200],"Compared":[201],"with":[202],"other":[203],"related":[204],"methods,":[205],"precision":[208],"significantly":[210],"enhanced":[211],"without":[212],"sacrificing":[213],"scalability":[215],"approach.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}