{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2416720144","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2559505","title":"A Probabilistic Model for Designing Multimodality Landmine Detection Systems to Improve Rates of Advance","display_name":"A Probabilistic Model for Designing Multimodality Landmine Detection Systems to Improve Rates of Advance","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2416720144","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2559505","mag":"2416720144"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2016.2559505","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2559505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007239332","display_name":"Jordan M. Malof","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7851-4920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jordan M. Malof","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7851-4920","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063514515","display_name":"Kenneth D. Morton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9352-8669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth D. Morton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004578492","display_name":"Leslie M. Collins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-6531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leslie M. Collins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109056136","display_name":"Peter A. Torrione","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter A. Torrione","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007239332"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7574,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7416449,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"9","first_page":"5258","last_page":"5270"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-penetrating-radar","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","score":0.8563673496246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7357252836227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6682109832763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.561917781829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4552820920944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.37048694491386414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3184754252433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20839154720306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.09732025861740112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71813955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503560","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","level":3,"score":0.8563673496246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7357252836227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6682109832763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.561917781829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4552820920944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.37048694491386414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3184754252433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20839154720306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09732025861740112}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2016.2559505","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2559505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3028237942","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W909MY-12-C-0044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W84331603","https://openalex.org/W239246446","https://openalex.org/W249205887","https://openalex.org/W1485969086","https://openalex.org/W1505812996","https://openalex.org/W1557437644","https://openalex.org/W1968398428","https://openalex.org/W1992580876","https://openalex.org/W1996107076","https://openalex.org/W1997706281","https://openalex.org/W2000063619","https://openalex.org/W2009134639","https://openalex.org/W2012235343","https://openalex.org/W2012420804","https://openalex.org/W2018897187","https://openalex.org/W2021199414","https://openalex.org/W2028609312","https://openalex.org/W2044762411","https://openalex.org/W2052225286","https://openalex.org/W2084427213","https://openalex.org/W2091736945","https://openalex.org/W2098522299","https://openalex.org/W2099144460","https://openalex.org/W2101460979","https://openalex.org/W2104005225","https://openalex.org/W2107634464","https://openalex.org/W2114179731","https://openalex.org/W2124793110","https://openalex.org/W2140487331","https://openalex.org/W2150815919","https://openalex.org/W2168257184","https://openalex.org/W2169987840","https://openalex.org/W2541841129","https://openalex.org/W2797915579","https://openalex.org/W4212863985","https://openalex.org/W6609212201","https://openalex.org/W6609485033","https://openalex.org/W6629172048","https://openalex.org/W6650544751"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4315471419","https://openalex.org/W2946057701","https://openalex.org/W4386931161","https://openalex.org/W2374146176","https://openalex.org/W2065249286","https://openalex.org/W2366839571","https://openalex.org/W2027762722","https://openalex.org/W4223960160","https://openalex.org/W2356754952","https://openalex.org/W3090858966"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,194],"ground":[1],"penetrating":[2],"radar":[3],"(GPR)":[4],"is":[5,27,131,162,196],"a":[6,30,93,114,122,152,182,185,192],"popular":[7],"and":[8,53,105,127,144,167,191,200,210,238],"successful":[9],"remote":[10],"sensing":[11,40,51,71],"modality":[12],"that":[13,116,204,222],"has":[14],"been":[15,74],"investigated":[16,75],"for":[17,165,181,236],"landmine":[18],"detection.":[19],"GPR":[20,63],"offers":[21],"excellent":[22],"detection":[23,88,128,169,211],"performance,":[24],"but":[25,81],"it":[26,140],"limited":[28],"by":[29],"low":[31],"rate":[32],"of":[33,58,229],"advance":[34],"(ROA)":[35],"due":[36],"to":[37,46,78,134,147,207],"its":[38,234],"short":[39,106],"standoff":[41,68,107,187],"distance.":[42],"Standoff":[43],"distance":[44,48],"refers":[45],"the":[47,50,54,59,62,65,79,110,201,219,227,230],"between":[49],"platform":[52,60,112],"location":[55],"in":[56,113],"front":[57],"where":[61],"senses":[64],"ground.":[66],"Large":[67],"(high":[69],"ROA)":[70],"modalities":[72],"have":[73],"as":[76],"alternatives":[77],"GPR,":[80],"they":[82],"do":[83],"not":[84],"yet":[85],"achieve":[86],"comparable":[87],"performance.":[89,129],"This":[90],"paper":[91],"proposes":[92],"new":[94,153],"sensor":[95,142],"management":[96,100],"approach,":[97],"called":[98,160],"multistate":[99],"(MSM),":[101],"which":[102],"combines":[103],"large":[104,186],"sensors":[108],"on":[109,157],"same":[111],"way":[115],"leverages":[117],"their":[118],"respective":[119],"advantages,":[120],"yielding":[121],"system":[123,145,183,195],"with":[124,172,184,198],"better":[125,208],"ROA":[126,209],"MSM":[130,231],"more":[132],"difficult":[133],"analyze":[135],"than":[136,213],"traditional":[137],"systems":[138,170],"because":[139],"allows":[141],"activity":[143],"velocity":[146],"change":[148],"over":[149],"time.":[150],"Therefore,":[151],"probabilistic":[154],"model":[155],"based":[156],"queuing":[158],"theory,":[159],"Q-MSM,":[161],"also":[163],"proposed":[164],"analyzing":[166,237],"designing":[168,239],"operating":[171],"MSM.":[173],"Simulations":[174],"were":[175],"conducted":[176],"using":[177],"real":[178],"field-collected":[179],"data":[180],"forward-looking":[188],"infrared":[189],"camera":[190],"GPR.":[193],"operated":[197],"MSM,":[199],"results":[202,220],"show":[203,221],"this":[205],"leads":[206],"performance":[212],"can":[214,224],"be":[215],"attained":[216],"otherwise.":[217],"Furthermore,":[218],"Q-MSM":[223],"accurately":[225],"predict":[226],"behavior":[228],"system,":[232],"validating":[233],"utility":[235],"such":[240],"systems.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
