{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2344156042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2015.2513159","title":"Incidence Angle Correction of SAR Sea Ice Data Based on Locally Linear Mapping","display_name":"Incidence Angle Correction of SAR Sea Ice Data Based on Locally Linear Mapping","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2344156042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2015.2513159","mag":"2344156042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2015.2513159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2015.2513159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018409359","display_name":"Wenhui Lang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5458-9285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenhui Lang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101619901","display_name":"Pan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8097-1664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103035309","display_name":"Wu Jie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101642769","display_name":"Yang Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3198-5620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100748471","display_name":"Xuezhi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2303-4858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuezhi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal and Information Processing Institute, School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018409359"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6358,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82076269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"6","first_page":"3188","last_page":"3199"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7990033030509949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6892322301864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.5694743394851685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.558417558670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice","display_name":"Sea ice","score":0.5560519099235535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.541289746761322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.5190008878707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.5074524283409119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.47061803936958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.39773279428482056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36449122428894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24639856815338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13683539628982544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7990033030509949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6892322301864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.5694743394851685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.558417558670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.5560519099235535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.541289746761322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.5190008878707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.5074524283409119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.47061803936958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.39773279428482056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36449122428894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24639856815338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13683539628982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2015.2513159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2015.2513159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5886533321","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61371154","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6772218624","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61271381","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321435","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323887","display_name":"Anhui Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0327f3359"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326536","display_name":"Hefei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5rdf64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328006","display_name":"Anhui Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fsfvw79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W196112796","https://openalex.org/W1597222998","https://openalex.org/W1602107991","https://openalex.org/W1708975014","https://openalex.org/W1972298803","https://openalex.org/W1993091516","https://openalex.org/W2012043590","https://openalex.org/W2029558144","https://openalex.org/W2031447753","https://openalex.org/W2032603900","https://openalex.org/W2034751732","https://openalex.org/W2045972581","https://openalex.org/W2065521951","https://openalex.org/W2084366799","https://openalex.org/W2101354384","https://openalex.org/W2103793553","https://openalex.org/W2108009942","https://openalex.org/W2109158355","https://openalex.org/W2113530939","https://openalex.org/W2113963659","https://openalex.org/W2115765883","https://openalex.org/W2116992238","https://openalex.org/W2119581707","https://openalex.org/W2120645223","https://openalex.org/W2127283173","https://openalex.org/W2131444173","https://openalex.org/W2131801078","https://openalex.org/W2131864940","https://openalex.org/W2132549764","https://openalex.org/W2137641772","https://openalex.org/W2140453243","https://openalex.org/W2149234741","https://openalex.org/W2152269371","https://openalex.org/W2155686320","https://openalex.org/W2161160262","https://openalex.org/W2161920802","https://openalex.org/W2886866881","https://openalex.org/W6679432538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068843146","https://openalex.org/W2462749609","https://openalex.org/W2545123933","https://openalex.org/W2585813813","https://openalex.org/W3110962985","https://openalex.org/W2042726296","https://openalex.org/W2081203575","https://openalex.org/W3016428515","https://openalex.org/W2096748030","https://openalex.org/W2160730947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radar":[0,17],"backscatter":[1,121,150],"variations":[2],"that":[3,144,164,193,216,249,287],"occur":[4],"because":[5,176],"of":[6,13,64,109,119,148,179,241,252,263,295],"incidence":[7,44,106,231,267],"angle":[8,107,232],"effects":[9],"constrain":[10],"the":[11,62,71,79,86,105,117,120,124,131,142,187,204,209,217,224,230,234,242,250,253,261,266,270,278,288,293],"application":[12],"Scanning":[14],"Synthetic":[15,89],"Aperture":[16,90],"(ScanSAR)":[18],"data":[19,40,54,59,76,211,243],"for":[20,34,61,78],"sea":[21,48,235],"ice":[22,49,236],"monitoring":[23],"and":[24,74,104,129,160,169,203,269],"observations.":[25],"In":[26],"this":[27,246],"paper,":[28],"a":[29,42,58,75,145,158,173],"class-based":[30,132],"correction":[31],"is":[32,95,113,127,138,152,157,171,212],"proposed":[33,289],"normalizing":[35],"each":[36,98,110],"class":[37],"in":[38,123,208,233,245,265],"ScanSAR":[39,195],"to":[41,102,198],"nominal":[43],"angle.":[45],"Two":[46],"tested":[47],"synthetic":[50],"aperture":[51],"radar":[52,210],"(SAR)":[53],"sets":[55],"were":[56],"acquired:":[57],"set":[60,77],"Gulf":[63],"Saint":[65],"Lawrence,":[66],"which":[67,82,214],"was":[68,83],"obtained":[69,84],"by":[70,85],"RADARSAT-2":[72],"satellite,":[73],"Bohai":[80],"Sea,":[81],"ENVISAT":[87],"Advanced":[88],"Radar.":[91],"An":[92],"unsupervised":[93],"classification":[94],"performed":[96],"on":[97,141,260,277],"image":[99,111,188],"block":[100,112],"prior":[101],"normalization,":[103],"range":[108],"approximately":[114],"5\u00b0.":[115],"Because":[116],"distribution":[118],"coefficients":[122,151],"azimuth":[125,254],"band":[126,255,272],"discrete":[128],"nonlinear,":[130],"locally":[133,153],"linear":[134],"mapping":[135],"(LLM)":[136],"technique":[137,175,227],"implemented,":[139],"based":[140,259,276],"assumption":[143],"small":[146],"quantity":[147],"sorted":[149],"linear.":[154],"This":[155],"algorithm":[156,290],"transplantable":[159],"easily":[161],"applied":[162],"method":[163],"requires":[165],"limited":[166],"ground":[167],"data,":[168],"it":[170],"also":[172,285],"semiautomated":[174],"nearly":[177],"all":[178],"its":[180],"parameters":[181],"can":[182,273,291],"be":[183,257,274],"adaptively":[184],"determined":[185],"during":[186],"analysis.":[189],"The":[190,239,283],"results":[191,221,240],"demonstrate":[192],"LLM-corrected":[194],"images":[196],"appear":[197],"have":[199],"more":[200],"detailed":[201],"textures,":[202],"natural":[205],"signal":[206],"variability":[207],"preserved,":[213],"indicates":[215],"LLM":[218],"produces":[219],"better":[220],"compared":[222],"with":[223],"histogram-based-alike":[225],"(HIST-alike)":[226],"when":[228],"correcting":[229],"SAR":[237],"data.":[238],"analysis":[244],"paper":[247],"show":[248],"width":[251],"should":[256],"selected":[258],"extent":[262],"variation":[264],"angle,":[268],"reference":[271],"calculated":[275],"maximum":[279],"interclass":[280],"distance":[281],"principle.":[282],"intercomparisons":[284],"reveal":[286],"improve":[292],"accuracy":[294],"supervised":[296],"classifications.":[297]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
