{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043273487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2015.2409563","title":"Global Land Surface Fractional Vegetation Cover Estimation Using General Regression Neural Networks From MODIS Surface Reflectance","display_name":"Global Land Surface Fractional Vegetation Cover Estimation Using General Regression Neural Networks From MODIS Surface Reflectance","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043273487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2015.2409563","mag":"2043273487"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2015.2409563","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2015.2409563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063493372","display_name":"Kun Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-4243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kun Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054276054","display_name":"Shunlin Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2708-9183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117728","display_name":"Center For Remote Sensing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021wvg932","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117728"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunlin Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117728","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029050073","display_name":"Suhong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4969-5304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suhong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100331387","display_name":"Yuwei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5488-242X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063976189","display_name":"Zhiqiang Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8245-6762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqiang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011417699","display_name":"Yunjun Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-8170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunjun Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034133888","display_name":"Bo Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-1582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020032935","display_name":"Xiang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-6735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100360041","display_name":"Xiaoxia Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6101-417X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxia Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023145620","display_name":"Shuai Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3535-504X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050860919","display_name":"Jiao Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiao Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063493372"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":196,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98474664,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"9","first_page":"4787","last_page":"4796"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6987953186035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6035900712013245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.5651337504386902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.5579861998558044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","score":0.5264198184013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.48131024837493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4689333736896515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4141422510147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-correction","display_name":"Atmospheric correction","score":0.4130602180957794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.35303735733032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32202693819999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19417253136634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1847541332244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1602095365524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.15872076153755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.11080840229988098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07698237895965576}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6987953186035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6035900712013245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.5651337504386902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.5579861998558044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.5264198184013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.48131024837493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4689333736896515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4141422510147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817104","display_name":"Atmospheric correction","level":3,"score":0.4130602180957794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.35303735733032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32202693819999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19417253136634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1847541332244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1602095365524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15872076153755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.11080840229988098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07698237895965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2015.2409563","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2015.2409563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5068150864","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41331173","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7479499906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41301353","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61452412","https://openalex.org/W1967395374","https://openalex.org/W1973296890","https://openalex.org/W1977978056","https://openalex.org/W1999648997","https://openalex.org/W2001510610","https://openalex.org/W2005840830","https://openalex.org/W2007134419","https://openalex.org/W2012409721","https://openalex.org/W2013061102","https://openalex.org/W2015963416","https://openalex.org/W2024585152","https://openalex.org/W2026470773","https://openalex.org/W2026608513","https://openalex.org/W2027047363","https://openalex.org/W2028240797","https://openalex.org/W2038137144","https://openalex.org/W2054497277","https://openalex.org/W2069358120","https://openalex.org/W2086974896","https://openalex.org/W2109965565","https://openalex.org/W2116370245","https://openalex.org/W2117199485","https://openalex.org/W2123579413","https://openalex.org/W2132517486","https://openalex.org/W2133837084","https://openalex.org/W2136181038","https://openalex.org/W2136408258","https://openalex.org/W2149723649","https://openalex.org/W2151456308","https://openalex.org/W2153857137","https://openalex.org/W2155096269","https://openalex.org/W2157131762","https://openalex.org/W2159666988","https://openalex.org/W2159735519","https://openalex.org/W2166516660","https://openalex.org/W2272473773","https://openalex.org/W2498628756","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976527974","https://openalex.org/W2921923888","https://openalex.org/W1968232416","https://openalex.org/W2908695806","https://openalex.org/W2086038705","https://openalex.org/W2615806692","https://openalex.org/W2080965330","https://openalex.org/W2547534968","https://openalex.org/W2050123439","https://openalex.org/W2019356696"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fractional":[0],"vegetation":[1],"cover":[2],"(FVC)":[3],"plays":[4],"an":[5],"important":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8],"earth":[9],"surface":[10,77,114],"process":[11],"simulations,":[12],"climate":[13],"modeling,":[14],"and":[15,42,95,110,185],"global":[16,20,67,92,172],"change":[17],"studies.":[18],"Several":[19],"FVC":[21,48,68,81,108,155,173,202],"products":[22],"have":[23],"been":[24],"generated":[25,85],"using":[26,86,105,120],"medium":[27],"spatial":[28,41,184],"resolution":[29],"satellite":[30],"data.":[31,116,178],"However,":[32],"the":[33,46,71,91,97,106,111,135,138,153,170,183,189,192,200],"validation":[34,119,125],"results":[35],"indicate":[36],"inconsistencies,":[37],"as":[38,40],"well":[39],"temporal":[43,186],"discontinuities":[44],"of":[45,52,126,137,152,188,199],"current":[47],"products.":[49],"The":[50,79,117],"objective":[51],"this":[53],"paper":[54],"is":[55,165],"to":[56,62,168,197],"develop":[57],"a":[58,65],"reliable":[59],"estimation":[60],"algorithm":[61],"operationally":[63],"produce":[64],"high-quality":[66],"product":[69,156,174],"from":[70,124,175,191],"Moderate":[72],"Resolution":[73],"Imaging":[74],"Spectroradiometer":[75],"(MODIS)":[76],"reflectance.":[78],"high-spatial-resolution":[80,107],"data":[82,89,109,123],"were":[83,103],"first":[84],"Landsat":[87],"TM/ETM+":[88],"at":[90],"sampling":[93],"locations,":[94],"then,":[96],"general":[98],"regression":[99],"neural":[100],"networks":[101],"(GRNNs)":[102],"trained":[104],"reprocessed":[112],"MODIS":[113],"reflectance":[115],"direct":[118],"ground":[121],"reference":[122],"land":[127],"European":[128],"Remote":[129],"Sensing":[130],"instruments":[131],"sites":[132],"indicated":[133,181],"that":[134,151,182,198],"performance":[136],"proposed":[139,193],"method":[140,194],"(R":[141,157],"<sup":[142,158],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[143,159],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[144,160],"=0.809,":[145],"RMSE":[146,162],"=0.157)":[147],"was":[148,195],"comparable":[149],"with":[150],"GEOV1":[154,201],"=0.775,":[161],"=0.166),":[163],"which":[164],"currently":[166],"considered":[167],"be":[169],"best":[171],"SPOT":[176],"VEGETATION":[177],"Further":[179],"comparison":[180],"continuity":[187],"estimates":[190],"superior":[196],"product.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T08:34:05.389933","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}